Admixtures and method for accelerating the setting of portland cement compositions
First Claim
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1. A method for accelerating the setting time of a quantity of portland cement composition comprising mixing with the composition:
- (a) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; and
(b) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid, dl-mandelic acid and their water-soluble salts, the second amount being effective to accelerate the portland cement composition in the absence of any other admixture;
the first and second amounts being efffective in combination to accelerate the portland cement composition, and essentially the only constituents of the accelerated portland cement composition influencing its setting time being the water-soluble carbonate compound, the α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound, portland cement, and water.
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Abstract
A method of and compositions for accelerating the setting time of portland cement compositions are disclosed. Certain admixtures, comprising water-soluble carbonates and α-hydroxy carbonyl compounds, are employed as accelerators. Preferred accelerators further comprise water-soluble organic compounds having a plurality of hydroxyl groups. The concentration of admixture relative to cement necessary to achieve acceleration depends upon the identity of the admixture, the water-cement ratio, and the amount and type of aggregate in the composition, among other factors.
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Citations
28 Claims
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1. A method for accelerating the setting time of a quantity of portland cement composition comprising mixing with the composition:
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(a) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; and (b) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid, dl-mandelic acid and their water-soluble salts, the second amount being effective to accelerate the portland cement composition in the absence of any other admixture;the first and second amounts being efffective in combination to accelerate the portland cement composition, and essentially the only constituents of the accelerated portland cement composition influencing its setting time being the water-soluble carbonate compound, the α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound, portland cement, and water. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3)
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4. A method for accelerating the setting time of a quantity of portland cement composition comprising mixing with the composition:
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(a) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; (b) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid, dl-mandelic acid and their water-soluble salts; and(c) a third ponderable amount of a water-soluble organic retardant selected from the group consisting of retarding organic compounds having a plurality of hydroxy groups, citric acid, and the sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of citric acid; the amounts being effective in combination to accelerate the portland cement composition, and essentially the only constituents of the accelerated portland cement composition influencing its setting time being the water-soluble carbonate compound, the α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound, the water-soluble organic retardant, portland cement, and water. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6)
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7. A method for accelerating the setting time of a quantity of portland cement composition comprising mixing with the composition:
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(a) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; and (b) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid, dl-mandelic acid and their water-soluble salts, the second amount being effective to accelerate the portland cement composition in the absence of any other admixture;the first and second amounts being effective in combination to accelerate the portland cement composition, and the only constituents of the accelerated portland cement composition being the water-soluble carbonate compound, the α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound, portland cement, aggregate, and water.
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8. A method for accelerating the setting time of a quantity of portland cement composition comprising mixing with the composition:
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(a) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; (b) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid, dl-mandelic acid and their water-soluble salts; and(c) a third ponderable amount of a water-soluble organic retardant selected from the group consisting of retarding organic compounds having a plurality of hydroxy groups, citric acid, and the sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of citric acid; the amounts being effective in combination to accelerate the portland cement composition, and the only constituents of the accelerated portland cement composition being the water-soluble carbonate compound, the α
-hydroxy carbonyl compounds, the water-soluble organic retardant, portland cement, aggregate, and water.
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9. An admixture for accelerating the setting time of portland cement compositions consisting essentially of a mixture of:
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(a) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; (b) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of dl-mandelic acid and the water-soluble salts of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid and dl-mandelic acid; and(c) a third ponderable amount of a water-soluble organic retardant selected from the group consisting of retarding organic compounds having a plurality of hydroxy groups, citric acid, and the sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of citric acid. - View Dependent Claims (10)
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11. An admixture for accelerating the setting time of portland cement compositions consisting of a mixture of:
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(a) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; and (b) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of dl-mandelic acid and the water-soluble salts of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid, and dl-mandelic acid. - View Dependent Claims (12)
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13. An admixture for accelerating the setting time of portland cement compositions consisting of a mixture of:
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(a) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; (b) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of dl-mandelic acid and the water-soluble salts of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid and dl-mandelic acid; and(c) a third ponderable amount of a water-soluble organic retardant selected from the group consisting of retarding organic compounds having a plurality of hydroxy groups, citric acid, and the sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of citric acid. - View Dependent Claims (14)
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15. A fast-setting, premixed portland cement composition comprising:
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(a) portland cement; (b) aggregate; (c) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; and (d) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of dl-mandelic acid and the water-soluble salts of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid, and dl-mandelic acid, the second amount being effective to accelerate the portland cement and aggregate mixture in the absence of any other admixture;the first and the second amounts being effective in combination to accelerate the portland cement and aggregate mixture, and essentially the only constituents of the accelerated portland cement composition influencing its setting time being the water-soluble carbonate compound, the α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound, and portland cement. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17)
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18. A fast-setting, premixed portland cement composition comprising:
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(a) portland cement; (b) aggregate; (c) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; (d) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of dl-mandelic acid and the water-soluble salts of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid and dl-mandelic acid; and(e) a third ponderable amount of a water-soluble organic retardant selected from the group consisting of retarding organic compounds having a plurality of hydroxy groups, citric acid, and the sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of citric acid; the first, the second, and the third amounts being effective in combination to accelerate the portland cement and aggregate mixture, and essentially the only constituents of the accelerated portland cement composition influencing its setting time being the water-soluble carbonate compound, the α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound, the water-soluble organic retardant, and portland cement. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
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21. A fast-setting, premixed portland cement composition consisting of:
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(a) portland cement; (b) aggregate; (c) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; and (d) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of dl-mandelic acid and the water-soluble salts of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid, and dl-mandelic acid, the second amount being effective to accelerate the portland cement and aggregate mixture in the absence of any other admixture;the first and the second amounts being effective in combination to accelerate the portland cement and aggregate mixture. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23)
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24. A fast-setting, premixed portland cement composition comprising:
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(a) portland cement; (b) aggregate; (c) a first ponderable amount of a water-soluble carbonate compound selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; (d) a second ponderable amount of an α
-hydroxy carbonyl compound selected from the group consisting of dl-mandelic acid and the water-soluble salts of hydroxyacetic acid, lactic acid, 2-methyllactic acid and dl-mandelic acid; and(e) a third ponderable amount of a water-soluble organic retardant selected from the group consisting of retarding organic compounds having a plurality of hydroxy groups, citric acid, and the sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of citric acid; the first, the second, and the third amounts being effective in combination to accelerate the portland cement and aggregate mixture. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26)
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27. A fast-setting, premixed mortar consisting of the following ingredients in approximately the proportions recited:
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ Approximate Parts Ingredient by Weight ______________________________________ portland cement 80 sand 20 sodium hydroxyacetate 0.7 sodium carbonate 0.2 sodium gluconate 0.005. ______________________________________
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28. A fast-setting, premixed mortar consisting of the following ingredients in approximately the proportions recited:
space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ Approximate Parts Ingredient by Weight ______________________________________ portland cement 80 sand 20 sodium hydroxyacetate 0.7 sodium carbonate 0.2 stone dust 0.05 sodium gluconate 0.005. ______________________________________
Specification