Fatigue detection utilizing acoustic harmonics

• US 4,265,120 A
• Filed: 05/23/1979
• Issued: 05/05/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Rockwell International Corporation
• Original Assignee: Rockwell International Corporation
• Inventors: Morris, Winfred L., Buck, Otto, Inman, Richard V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gill, James J.
• Application Number:
  US06/041,671
• Time in Patent Office: 713 Days
• Field of Search: 73/574, 73/577, 73/579, 73/589, 73/596, 73/599, 73/600
• US Class Current: 73/600
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02491 Materials with nonlinear acoustic properties
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/11 by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/348 with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals measuring frequency of mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in general G01H1/06, G01H3/04; measuring frequency or analysing frequency spectra G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/42 by frequency filtering or by tuning to resonant frequency

Abstract

Disclosed is a nondestructive test method for inspecting an object, including the steps of generating a surface acoustic wave at a first location on the object, detecting a harmonic of the generated wave at a second location on the object, and relating the characteristics of the detected wave to the remaining useful life of the object. The amplitude of the detected harmonic may be compared to standard amplitude values to predict the percentage of fatigue life remaining in the object, or the amplitude may be used to estimate the size and density of cracks in the object. Additionally, the harmonic wave may be detected for a range of stress values, the amplitude differential between the maximum harmonic amplitude and the minimum amplitude under compression calculated, and the differential related to the remaining useful life of the object.

Claims

1. A nondestructive test method for inspecting an object, comprising the steps of:

(a) generating an acoustic wave at a first location on the object;

(b) detecting a harmonic of the generated wave at a second location on the object; and

(c) relating the characteristics of the detected wave to the surface cracks present in the object to provide an indication of the remaining useful life of the object.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein step (c) further comprises comparing the amplitude of the detected harmonic to standard amplitude values, for test samples having known fatigue histories, to predict the percentage of fatigue life remaining in the object.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein step (c) further comprises estimating from the amplitude of the detected harmonic the size and density of existing cracks in the object.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) further comprises detecting the second harmonic of the generated wave.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the acoustic wave generated is a surface acoustic wave.

6. A nondestructive test method for inspecting an object, comprising the steps of:

(a) generating a surface acoustic wave at a first location on the object;

(b) detecting the second harmonic of the generated wave at a second location on the object; and

(c) comparing the amplitude of the detected harmonic to standard amplitude values, for test samples having known fatigue histories, to predict the percentage of fatigue life remaining in the object.

7. A nondestructive test method for inspecting an object, comprising the steps of:

(a) generating an acoustic wave at a first location on the object;

(b) stressing the object;

(c) detecting a harmonic of the generated wave at a second location on the subject;

(d) repeating steps (b) and (c) for a range of stress values;

(e) calculating the amplitude differential between the maximum harmonic amplitude detected and the minimum amplitude under compression; and

(f) relating the calculated differential to the remaining useful life of the object.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein step (f) comprises comparing the calculated differential to standard differential values, for test samples having known fatigue histories, to predict the percentage of fatigue life remaining in the object.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein step (f) comprises estimating from the calculated differential the size and density of existing cracks in the object.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein step (c) further comprises detecting the second harmonic of the generated wave.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the acoustic wave generated is a surface acoustic wave.

12. A nondestructive test method for inspecting an object, comprising the steps of:

(a) generating a surface acoustic wave at a first location on the object;

(b) stressing the object;

(c) detecting the second harmonic of the generated wave at a second location on the object;

(d) repeating steps (b) and (c) for a range of stress values;

(e) calculating the amplitude differential between the maximum harmonic amplitude detected and the minimum amplitude under compression; and

(f) comparing the calculated differential to standard differential values, for test samples having known fatigue histories, to predict the percentage of fatigue life remaining in the object.