Detection means for multiple capacitive sensing devices

• US 4,266,144 A
• Filed: 05/14/1979
• Issued: 05/05/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 05/14/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Emerson Electric Company
• Original Assignee: Emhart Industries, Inc. (Stanley Black & Decker, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bristol, Robert G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hix, L. T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SCHREYER, STAFFORD
• Application Number:
  US06/038,520
• Time in Patent Office: 722 Days
• Field of Search: 307/116, 307/39, 307/42, 307/99, 307/118, 307/130, 307/143, 307/144, 200/DIG. 1, 324/61 R, 73/304 C
• US Class Current: 307/116
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 23/263 by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/9622 using a plurality of detectors, e.g. keyboard
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2017/9604 characterised by the number of electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 7/02 Amplitude modulation, i.e. PAM
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 7/08 Duration or width modulation ; Duty cycle modulation

Abstract

A detection circuit for detecting discrete states of multiple capacitive sensing devices in a continuum provides an output which is linearly variable with respect to changes in the states of the sensing devices. The circuit uses either a time interval measurement or voltage measurement which has a magnitude which linearly corresponds to changes in the states of the sensing devices. By continuously monitoring these outputs, a continuous indication of discrete changes in the states of the sensing devices is detectable. In accordance with the present invention, a single drive electrode and a single sense electrode in combination with a plurality of sensing devices capacitively transmit electrical pulses in accordance with the various states of the sensing devices whereby the detection circuit detects discrete changes in a state of the sensing devices in a continuum.

Claims

1. A circuit for measuring the response of a capacitance responsive sensing element, comprising:

an electrical source means for providing a pulse signal to said capacitance responsive sensing element, said electrical source means including means for generating a square wave pulse signal; and

circuit means for measuring the amount of said pulse signal transmitted through said capacitance responsive sensing element to provide an indication of the amount of capacitance to which said element is responding, said circuit means for measuring including a time constant circuit and means for measuring the recovery time of said time constant circuit in response to said square wave signal as an indication of the amount of said pulse signal transmitted through said capacitance responsive sensing element.

2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein said time constant circuit includes a series network comprising a capacitor and a resistor, said capacitor being connected across the output of said capacitance responsive sensing element.

3. The circuit of claim 1, wherein said capacitance responsive sensing element includes a drive electrode coupled to said electrical source means, a sensing electrode coupled to said circuit means for measuring, a shunt element capacitively coupled to receive said pulse signal from said drive electrode and capacitively coupled to transmit said pulse signal to said sensing electrode;

and means for capacitively shunting said pulse signals away from said shunt element to affect the amount of said pulse signal transmitted to said sensing electrode and thereby cause said capacitance responsive sensing element to be responsive to the amount of said pulse signal shunted by said means for capacitively shunting.

4. The circuit of claim 3, wherein said shunt element is a touch pad for use by an operator.

5. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising a second capacitance responsive sensing element capacitively coupled to receive said pulse signal, said second capacitance responsive sensing element being coupled to said circuit means for measuring, said circuit means for measuring being adapted to differentiate the capacitance activation of either none, one or both of first said and said second capacitance responsive sensing elements by measurement of the amount of said pulse signal received.

6. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising:

a second electrical source means for providing a second square wave pulse signal;

a third capacitance responsive sensing element capacitively coupled to receive said second pulse signal and coupled to said circuit means for measuring; and

circuit means for causing first said and said second electrical source means to output first said and said second pulse signals at different points in time to allow distinguishing at said circuit means for measuring between first said and said second pulse signals by reference to their output times from first said and said second electrical source means.

7. A circuit for measuring the response of a capacitance responsive sensing element, comprising:

an electrical source means for providing a pulse signal to said capacitance responsive sensing element; and

circuit means for measuring the amount of said pulse signal transmitted through said capacitance responsive sensing element to provide an indication of the amount of capacitance to which said element is responding, said circuit means for measuring including an operational amplifier having a diode feedback path connected to a common input with said capacitance responsive element.

8. A circuit for measuring the response of a capacitance responsive sensing element, comprising:

an electrical source means for providing a pulse signal to said capacitance responsive sensing element; and

circuit means for measuring the amount of said pulse signal transmitted through said capacitance responsive sensing element to provide an indication of the amount of capacitance to which said element is responding, said circuit means for measuring including an operational amplifier, a diode connected between said capacitance responsive sensing element and one input of said operational amplifier, and a parallel resistance-capacitance feedback path connected to said one input of said operational amplifier.

9. A method for measuring the response of a capacitance responsive sensing element comprising the steps of:

providing a pulse signal to said capacitance responsive sensing element; and

measuring the amount of said pulse signal transmitted through said capacitance responsive sensing element to provide an indication of the amount of capacitance to which said element is responding, said measuring including applying said pulse signal as received from said capacitance responsive sensing element across the capacitor of a capacitor-resistor time constant circuit and measuring the recovery time of the voltage across said capacitor.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of:

coupling a second capacitance responsive sensing element to said circuit means for measuring and to receive said pulse signal; and

distinguishing between the activation of either none, one or both of a pair of sensing elements by measuring the amount of said pulse signal measured by said circuit means.

11. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of:

providing a second pulse signal to a third capacitance responsive sensing element, said second pulse signal being provided at a time other than first said pulse signal; and

measuring the amount of first said and said second pulse signals transmitted through first said and said third sensing elements respectively with a common circuit means for measuring by reference to the time relationship of first said and said second pulse signals.

12. A method for measuring the response of a capacitance responsive sensing element comprising the steps of:

providing a pulse signal to said capacitance responsive sensing element; and

measuring the amount of said pulse signal transmitted through said capacitance responsive sensing element to provide an indication of the amount of capacitance to which said element is responding, said measuring including coupling said pulse signal as transmitted by said capacitance responsive sensing element to one input of an operational amplifier having a diode feedback path connected to said one input.

13. A method for measuring the response of a capacitance responsive sensing element comprising the steps of:

providing a pulse signal to said capacitance responsive sensing element; and

measuring the amount of said pulse signal transmitted through said capacitance responsive sensing element to provide an indication of the amount of capacitance to which said element is responding, said measuring including coupling said pulse signal as transmitted by said capacitance responsive sensing element through a diode to one input of a second operational amplifier, said second operational amplifier having a second feedback path connected to said one input thereof, said second feedback path including a parallel resistance-capacitance combination.