Microwave polarization transformer
First Claim
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1. In combination, a source of linearly polarized microwave radiation and a polarization transformer interposed in the path of said radiation, said transformer comprising:
- at least one dielectric plate perpendicular to said path;
an array of parallel conductive wires embedded in said plate and oriented at an angle of substantially 45°
to the direction of polarization of said radiation;
a multiplicity of electronic switches inserted in said wires within said plate;
a set of parallel conductive wires perpendicular to wires of said array embedded in said plate, the inductive impedances of said set and of said array being substantially identical in one state of said switches; and
control means for selectively changing between a conductive state and a nonconductive state of all said switches, with transformation of said radiation to circular polarization in said conductive state.
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Abstract
A microwave polarization transformer comprises a number of dielectric plates each having embedded therein one or two networks of parallel conductive wires in which switchable diodes are inserted. The plates are perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waves on which they act and so oriented that the general direction of the wires of each network includes an angle of 45° with the direction of the electric field of the linearly polarized incident wave.
58 Citations
13 Claims
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1. In combination, a source of linearly polarized microwave radiation and a polarization transformer interposed in the path of said radiation, said transformer comprising:
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at least one dielectric plate perpendicular to said path; an array of parallel conductive wires embedded in said plate and oriented at an angle of substantially 45°
to the direction of polarization of said radiation;a multiplicity of electronic switches inserted in said wires within said plate; a set of parallel conductive wires perpendicular to wires of said array embedded in said plate, the inductive impedances of said set and of said array being substantially identical in one state of said switches; and control means for selectively changing between a conductive state and a nonconductive state of all said switches, with transformation of said radiation to circular polarization in said conductive state. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13)
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9. In combination, a source of linearly polarized microwave radiation and a polarization transformer interposed in the path of said radiation, said transformer comprising at least one dielectric plate perpendicular to said path, an array of parallel conductive wires embedded in said plate and oriented at an angle of substantially 45°
- to the direction of polarization of said radiation, the wires of said array being spaced apart by a distance ranging between substantially one fifth and one half of the wavelength of said radiation in the dielectric of said plate, a multiplicity of electronic switches inserted in said wires within said plate, and control means for selectively changing between a conductive state and a nonconductive state of all said switches, with transformation of said radiation to circular polarization in said conductive state.
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10. In combination, a source of linearly polarized microwave radiation and a polarization transformer interposed in the path of said radiation, said transformer comprising at least one dielectric plate perpendicular to said path, said plate having a thickness ranging between substantially one tenth and one two-hundredth of the wavelength of said radiation in the dielectric of said plate, an array of parallel conductive wires embedded in said plate and oriented at an angle of substantially 45°
- to the direction of polarization of said radiation, a multiplicity of electronic switches inserted in said wires within said plate, and control means for selectively changing between a conductive state and a nonconductive state of all said switches, with transformation of said radiation to circular polarization in said conductive state.
Specification