Combined gas turbine-rankine turbine power plant

• US 4,267,692 A
• Filed: 05/07/1979
• Issued: 05/19/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 05/07/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hydragon Corporation
• Original Assignee: Hydragon Corporation
• Inventors: Earnest, Ernest R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Casaregola, Louis J.
• Application Number:
  US06/036,516
• Time in Patent Office: 743 Days
• Field of Search: 60/39.18 B, 60/39.18 R, 60/39.51 R, 60/39.52, 60/671
• US Class Current: 60/39.181
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 23/10 with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle F01K17/025 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 6/18 using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants using waste heat as source of energy for refrigeration plants F25B27/02; using the waste heat of a gasturbine for steam generation or in a steam cycle see F01K23/10
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/16 Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Abstract

A combined gas turbine-Rankine cycle powerplant with improved part load efficiency is disclosed. The powerplant has a gas turbine with an organic fluid Rankine bottoming cycle which features an inter-cycle regenerator acting between the superheated vapor leaving the Rankine turbine and the compressor inlet air. The regenerator is used selectively as engine power level is reduced below maximum rated power.

Claims

1. A powerplant having a combined gas turbine engine and Rankine turbine engine, said powerplant comprising

a gas turbine engine comprising a compressor, a gas turbine, and a burner and ambient air supply assembly for delivering air from the compressor and products of combustion from the burner to said gas turbine,

a closed loop Rankine turbine engine comprising a vapor generator, a Rankine turbine, a desuperheater, a condenser and a liquid feed pump, said vapor generator heated by the exhaust of said gas turbine and delivering heat to the Rankine fluid for powering said Rankine turbine,

means for directing air through said desuperheater and toward said compressor, and

valve means upstream of said compressor for selectively introducing said heated air from said desuperheater into said compressor.

2. The powerplant as set forth in claim 1 wherein the Rankine fluid has an increased level of superheat upon isentropic expansion.

3. The powerplant as set forth in claim 1 wherein said Rankine fluid is an organic material.

4. The power plant as set forth in claim 1 further comprising means for introducing said heated air into said compressor and maintaining the inlet temperature of said gas turbine substantially at its maximum allowable temperature.

5. The powerplant as set forth in claim 1 further comprising means for recirculating a portion of the exhaust gases from said gas turbine and selectively introducing said portion of exhaust gases into said compressor.

6. The powerplant as set forth in claim 1 further comprising second valve means positioned in the exhaust of said gas turbine for directing a portion of said exhaust gases into said compressor.

7. The power plant as set forth in claim 6 further comprising means for mixing said portion of exhaust gases with the air passing through said desuperheater before said portion of exhaust gases are introduced into said compressor.

8. The power plant as set forth in claim 6 further comprising means for selecting and diverting a portion of said exhaust gases in accordance with a predetermined function of the gas turbine exit temperature and the compressor pressure ratio.

9. The powerplant as set forth in claim 1 wherein said gas turbine, compressor, Rankine turbine and liquid feed pump are all positioned on a single shaft.

10. An engine comprising in combination a main power turbine having an inlet and an exhaust, a compressor having an inlet and an outlet, valve means positioned upstream of said compressor for introducing ambient air into said compressor inlet, a combustion chamber situated adjacent said compressor and said main power turbine, said compressor and combustion chamber supplying the main power turbine with ambient air and products of combustion to power the same, an expansion turbine having an inlet and an outlet, a closed-loop Rankine cycle system for powering said expansion turbine, said Rankine cycle system using a working fluid, a vapor generator in said Rankine cycle system positioned to absorb heat from the exhaust of said main power turbine and connected to the inlet of said expansion turbine to deliver thereto working fluid vaporized in said vapor generator, a desuperheater connected to the outlet of said expansion turbine for transferring heat from said working fluid into air passing through said desuperheater, and a condenser and feed pump positioned in operating relationship with said desuperheater for condensing said working fluid and returning it to said vapor generator, said valve means selectively introducing said air passing through said desuperheater and heated thereby into said compressor inlet.

11. The engine as set forth in claim 10 wherein said working fluid is a material which has an increased level of superheat upon isentropic expansion.

12. The engine as set forth in claim 10 wherein said working fluid is an organic material.

13. The engine as set forth in claim 10 further comprising means for mixing said heated air from said desuperheater with said ambient air, for introducing the resultant air mixture into said compressor inlet and for maintaining the inlet temperature of said main power turbine substantially at its maximum allowable temperature.

14. The engine as set forth in claim 10 further comprising recirculation means for recirculating a portion of the exhaust gases of said main power turbine into said compressor inlet.

15. The engine as set forth in claim 14 wherein said recirculation means comprises a diverter means in communication with the outlet of said vapor generator for selecting a portion of said exhaust gases and delivering it to said valve means.

16. The engine as set forth in claim 15 further comprising means for mixing said portion of exhaust gases with the air passing through said desuperheater prior to being delivered to said valve means.

17. The engine as set forth in claim 10 further comprising means for delivering said portion of exhaust gases to said valve means and for selectively introducing said portion into said compressor inlet together with said heated air from said desuperheater.

18. The engine as set forth in claim 16 or 17 further comprising means for selecting and delivering said portion of exhaust gases for recirculation to the compressor and for maintaining the inlet temperature of said main power turbine substantially at its maximum allowable temperature.

19. The engine as set forth in claim 10 wherein said main power turbine, compressor and expansion turbine are mounted on a single shaft.

20. An engine comprising in combination a power turbine, a compressor, a burner and ambient air supply for delivering air from the compressor and products of combustion from the burner to said power turbine, a Rankine turbine, a first intercycle heat exchanger heated by the exhaust of said power turbine and delivering heat to the Rankine fluid upstream of said Rankine turbine, a closed-loop Rankine cycle system for powering said Rankine turbine, a second intercycle heat exchanger positioned in said Rankine cycle system for delivering heat to air passing through said second intercycle heat exchanger, first valve means and a second valve means, said first valve means recirculating a portion of said power turbine exhaust gases into said second valve means, said second valve means selectively introducing said ambient air, said heated air from said second intercycle heat exchanger, and said portion of said exhaust gases into said compressor.

21. The engine as set forth in claim 20 further comprising means for selectively mixing said ambient air, heated air and exhaust gases and for introducing them into said compressor in accordance with a predetermined function of the power turbine exit temperature and the compressor pressure ratio.

22. The engine as set forth in claim 20 wherein said portion of said exhaust gases is introduced into a mixing chamber upstream of said second intercycle heat exchanger and mixed with ambient air before said air is passed through said second intercycle heat exchanger.

23. The engine as set forth in claim 20 wherein said power turbine, compressor and Rankine turbine are mounted on a single shaft.

24. The engine as set forth in claim 20 wherein said Rankine fluid is an organic material having an increased level of superheat upon isentropic expansion.