Method and apparatus for characterization of cells, particles, and liquids
First Claim
1. Analysis apparatus for analyzing suspensions of cells, particles and the like or for analyzing solutions by the use of suspensions of cells, particles and the like, which comprises:
- means for flowing reaction mixtures, in turn, along a conduit, each of said reaction mixtures comprising a liquid phase and a particulate suspension phase including a suspension of particulate material such as cells, cell membranes, bacteria, viruses and the like, reaction taking place in said mixture to form a reaction product, at least, on said particulate material;
electrical separation means along a portion of said conduit for separating reacted particulate material in each of said flowing reaction mixtures from certain other constituents of said reaction mixture by movement of said constituents across at least one permeable membrane means and into at least one other separate flowing recipient fluid stream under the force of electrical field means; and
, downstream of said electrical separation means, means for determining a constituent of interest by analysis of said separated particulate suspension and/or said separated recipient fluid stream or streams.
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Abstract
Method and apparatus for characterizing a population of cells or particles such as blood cells or viruses by automatic means in a flowing stream which comprises: Novel suspending and dispensing means; controlled dispensing of a plurality of portions of the sample population; modification of the suspending milieu, mixing each portion with a different test reagent to elucidate a particular character of the sample; novel electrical separation means; separation of components of said mixture into different streams by said separation means; means for serially measuring properties of at least one of said separated streams to provide a series of measurements relating the reaction of the population to a plurality of different reagents for detailed characterization of said population.
Method and apparatus for characterizing liquids by automatic means in a flowing stream by reaction with specific binding sites on a population of cells or particles employing novel electrical separation means to separate components of the reaction mixture into separate streams, followed by measurement of at least one separated component stream.
20 Citations
24 Claims
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1. Analysis apparatus for analyzing suspensions of cells, particles and the like or for analyzing solutions by the use of suspensions of cells, particles and the like, which comprises:
- means for flowing reaction mixtures, in turn, along a conduit, each of said reaction mixtures comprising a liquid phase and a particulate suspension phase including a suspension of particulate material such as cells, cell membranes, bacteria, viruses and the like, reaction taking place in said mixture to form a reaction product, at least, on said particulate material;
electrical separation means along a portion of said conduit for separating reacted particulate material in each of said flowing reaction mixtures from certain other constituents of said reaction mixture by movement of said constituents across at least one permeable membrane means and into at least one other separate flowing recipient fluid stream under the force of electrical field means; and
, downstream of said electrical separation means, means for determining a constituent of interest by analysis of said separated particulate suspension and/or said separated recipient fluid stream or streams. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
- means for flowing reaction mixtures, in turn, along a conduit, each of said reaction mixtures comprising a liquid phase and a particulate suspension phase including a suspension of particulate material such as cells, cell membranes, bacteria, viruses and the like, reaction taking place in said mixture to form a reaction product, at least, on said particulate material;
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22. A method of analyzing suspensions of cells, particles and the like or for analyzing solutions by the use of suspensions of cells, particles and the like, which comprises the steps of:
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(a) forming a plurality of flowing reaction mixtures, each of said mixtures comprising a liquid phase and a particulate suspension phase including a suspension of particulate material such as cells, cell membranes, bacteria, viruses, and the like, reaction taking place in said mixture to form a reaction product, at least, on said particulate material; (b) flowing each said reaction mixture in turn continuously along a conduit; (c) flowing each said reaction mixture in turn through electrical separation means to separate reacted particulate material from certain other constituents of said reaction mixture by movement of said constituents across at least one permeable membrane means and into at least one other separate flowing recipient stream under the force of electrical field means; (d) and determining at least one constituent of interest by analysis of the separated particulate suspension and/or the separated recipient fluid stream by determining means downstream of said electrical separation means. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24)
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Specification