Telecine machines

• US 4,275,422 A
• Filed: 11/09/1978
• Issued: 06/23/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: George M. Le Couteur
• Original Assignee: George M. Le Couteur
• Inventors: Le Couteur, George M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ng, Jin F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Coles, Edward L.
• Application Number:
  US05/959,172
• Time in Patent Office: 957 Days
• Field of Search: 358/214, 358/97, 358/102, 358/140, 358/11, 358/40
• US Class Current: 348/97
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 3/36 Scanning of motion picture films, e.g. for telecine
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 3/38 with continuously moving film
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/01 Conversion of standards , e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/0112 one of the standards corresponding to a cinematograph film standard
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/012 Conversion between an interlaced and a progressive signal for graphics images G09G2310/0229

Abstract

A telecine machine has a solid state sensor before which film is driven at a constant rate. To overcome differences between the film frame and television field utilization ratios, i.e. the proportion of the vertical scanning extent which is occupied by active information, and/or differences between the film frame rate and television field rate, an output signal is obtained in the form of a first sequential television signal of non-standard type, which is electronically converted to a second interlaced-scan standard signal. For example to obtain a 625/50 signal from 35 mm film, a 723/50 sequential signal is first generated, and from 8 mm film a 625/331/3 sequential signal is first generated.

Claims

1. A telecine machine, comprising:

a linear light sensor array;

a light source;

drive means for moving film at a constant rate between said light source and said sensor array in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane containing said sensor array;

optical means for imaging an illuminated section of film on said sensor array; and

electronic means for deriving a television signal from said sensor array and for converting said signal from sequential to interlace form;

wherein the improvement consists in that;

said electronic means comprises first signal rate providing means for providing a first sequential-type non-standard television signal obtained by driving and scanning the film at a rate related to the film frame rate and film utilization ratio,

second signal rate providing means for electronically converting said first signal to provide a second interlaced-type standard television signal having a lower line rate from said first signal, and

wherein said first signal rate providing means is arranged to scan the film at a line rate which bears to the line rate of the second signal substantially the same ratio as the television picture utilization ratio bears to the film frame height utilization ratio.

2. A telecine machine according to claim 1, wherein said second signal rate providing means includes a storage device capable of storing an integral number of television fields.

3. A telecine machine according to claim 1, wherein said second signal rate providing means is additionally operative to change the field rate.

4. A telecine machine according to claim 3, wherein said second signal rate providing means further includes means for interpolating between fields of said first signal.

5. A telecine machine according to claim 3, wherein said second signal rate providing means includes a storage device capable of storing one television field.

6. A telecine machine according to claim 3, wherein said second signal rate providing means includes a storage device capable of storing two television pictures.

7. A telecine machine according to claim 3, wherein said second signal rate providing means includes a storage device capable of storing one television picture.

8. A telecine machine according to claim 3, wherein said second signal rate providing means includes a storage device capable of storing three television pictures.

9. A telecine machine according to claim 3, wherein during blanking said television signals are not stored in said second signal rate providing means.

10. A method of generating an interlaced-type standard television signal comprising the steps of:

providing a first sequential-type non-standard television signal by driving and scanning a film; and

electronically converting said first signal into a desired interlaced-scan standard television signal having a different line and/or field rate from the said first signal;

wherein said film is scanned at a line rate which bears to the line rate of said standard signal substantially the same ratio as the television picture utilization ratio bears to the film frame height utilization ratio.

11. A telecine machine, comprising:

a linear light sensor array;

a light source;

drive means for moving film at a constant rate between said light source and said sensor array in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane containing said sensor array;

optical means for imaging an illuminated section of film on said sensor array; and

electronic means for deriving a television signal from said sensor array and for converting said signal from sequential to interlace form;

wherein the improvement consists in that;

said electronic means comprises first signal rate providing means for providing a first sequential-type non-standard television signal obtained by driving and scanning the film at a rate related to the film frame rate and film utilization ratio, and

second signal rate providing means for electronically converting said first signal to provide a second interlaced-type standard television signal having a different line and/or field rate from said first signal, said second signal providing means being additionally operative to change the field rate and further including means for interpolating between fields of said first signal.