Method and apparatus for the determination of the mass of an impacting object

• US 4,285,241 A
• Filed: 07/13/1979
• Issued: 08/25/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 07/13/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Company LLC (Brookfield Asset Management Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Company LLC (Brookfield Asset Management Incorporated)
• Inventors: Smith, John R., Ciaramitaro, William, Gopal, Raj
• Primary Examiner(s): Swisher, S. Clement
• Application Number:
  US06/057,524
• Time in Patent Office: 774 Days
• Field of Search: 73/572, 73/579, 73/658, 73/659, 340/683
• US Class Current: 73/572
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 1/00 Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector G01H9/00, G01H11/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02416 Solids in liquids
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/046 using the echo of particles imparting on a surface; using acoustic emission of particles investigating concentration of particle suspensions G01N15/06; devices for measuring flow of solids in suspension G01F1/74

Abstract

The impact signal derived from an acoustic transducer has a unique signature represented by its frequency spectrum. The present invention generates under predetermined conditions with objects, each of definite weight and form, a series of impact signals for reference purposes and correlates an actual impact signal from an unknown impacting object with such reference impact signals by comparing the frequency spectra, thereby to indirectly recognize the impacting object.

Claims

1. A method of detecting the mass of an impacting object behind a wall comprising the steps of:

deriving an electric signal representative of an acoustic signal generated by the impact of said object;

converting said electric signal into a frequency spectrum signal;

comparing said frequency spectrum signal with a set of reference data each having a frequency spectrum indicative of the mass of an impacting sample for identifying matching with reference data from said set having the same relative importance in the spectrum; and

providing an indication of the mass associated with such matching reference data which is indicative of the mass of said impacting object.

2. Apparatus for the detection of the mass of an impacting object behind a wall comprising:

acoustic means coupled with said wall for deriving at least one impact time signal representative of a true impact by said object;

means for converting said time signal into a frequency spectrum signal;

means for detecting similarity between said frequency spectrum signal and one of a plurality of spectrum reference data, with such similarity being the relative importance of the spectrum frequency components, said reference data being such associated with a definite mass of an impacting mass; and

means for deriving an indication of mass associated with said one of said reference data of said set as representative of the actual mass of said impacting object.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 with said similarity detecting means:

including programmable read-only-memory (PROM) means having digital input address terminals;

digital output terminals; and

switching means controlled by the address of said input address terminals for selectively switching with said output terminals predetermined logic states;

said PROM means being programmed to establish a plurality of said predetermined logic states in accordance with reference data representing respective masses of imparting objects, whereby said output terminals provide a digital representation of mass corresponding to a digital address on said input address terminals.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 with said acoustic means constantly providing an oncoming signal when operative;

with first threshold means responsive to said oncoming signal for detecting a fast rise amplitude of said oncoming signal as an indication of a time impact signal;

with second threshold means for detecting a signal amplitude characteristic of minimum duration as an indication of a true impact signal;

said converting means being operatively conditioned by concurrent detection by said first and second threshold means.

5. The apparatus of claim 2 with means interposed between said converting means and said similarity detecting means for changing said frequency spectrum signal into a normalized signal for the purpose of comparison with said spectrum reference data.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 with said normalized signal and said spectrum reference data being normalized to represent a combination of energy levels divided by a common denominator.