Fault indicator operable from a remote excitation source through a uniformly distributed impedance cable

• US 4,288,743 A
• Filed: 10/10/1978
• Issued: 09/08/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 10/10/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Edmund O. Schweitzer
• Original Assignee: Edmund O. Schweitzer
• Inventors: Schweitzer, Edmund O.
• Primary Examiner(s): Strecker, Gerard R.
• Application Number:
  US05/949,656
• Time in Patent Office: 1,064 Days
• Field of Search: 324/127, 324/51, 324/133, 324/129, 174/74 R, 174/74 A, 338/211, 338/214, 338/225, 338/258, 361/10, 361/58, 123/148 P, 328/259, 339/28, 339/29
• US Class Current: 324/127
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/15 Indicating the presence of current
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/16571 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current G01R19/16514, G01R19/16519, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533, G01R19/1659 take precedence; measuring currents by using elements sensitive to the magnetic field generated G01R15/14; measuring earth resistance G01R27/18; testing for leakage or short circuits in electrical apparatus G01R31/52
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 1/06 Arrangements for supplying operative power power supply arrangements in general G05F, H02M

Abstract

A fault indicator for indicating the occurrence of a fault current in an electrical conductor includes a reset circuit operable from an external electrical excitation source. The external source is connected to the reset circuit by a cable formed from a flexible electrically insulating tubing segment within the lumen of which an electrically conductive coating is disposed. The resulting high impedance electrical interconnection reduces the danger of electrical shock from inadvertant contact with the cable or the fault indicator circuitry, and precludes the source from being adversely affected should the cable become shorted to ground.

Claims

1. A fault indicator operable from the relatively low voltage secondary circuit of a power distribution transformer for indicating the presence of a fault current in the relatively high voltage primary circuit of the transformer, said indicator including:

a housing;

externally-viewable circuit condition indicating means within said housing having a fault-indicating state and a reset-indicating state, said indicating means being operable from an applied excitation current;

means comprising an elongated flexible cable extending between said indicating means and the secondary circuit of the transformer for supplying excitation to said indicating means, said cable including

an electrically conductive core portion forming an electrical path having a uniformly distributed impedance many times greater than that of said primary and secondary circuits between said indicating means at one end and said secondary circuit at the other end whereby said core portion, if shorted to ground, results in only an inappreciable current flow in said circuits; and

an electrically insulating sleeve portion extending around and along said core portion between said housing at one end and said secondary circuit at the other end.

2. A fault indicator as defined in claim 1 wherein said indicating means include trip means responsive to the occurrence of a fault current in the primary circuit for conditioning said circuit condition indicating means to a trip state, and reset means operable from said secondary circuit for conditioning said indicating means to a reset state, and wherein said core portion connects to said reset means at said one end of said cable.

3. A fault indicator as defined in claim 1 wherein said sleeve portion comprises a segment of electrically insulating tubing and said core portion comprises an electrically conductive coating on the inside wall of said tubing segment.

4. A fault indicator as defined in claim 3 wherein said electrically conductive coating comprises a mixture of long-filament carbon particles and uncured rubber.

5. A fault indicator operable from the relatively low-voltage secondary circuit of a power distribution transformer for indicating the presence of a fault current in the relatively high-voltage primary circuit of the transformer, said indicator including:

a housing;

an indicator target mounted within said housing and moveable between a fault-indicating position and a reset-indicating position, said target being viewable from the exterior of the fault indicator;

magnetic positioning means for positioning said target in said reset position upon occurrence of a fault current in the conductor, and in said trip position upon restoration of normal current flow in the conductor, said positioning means being operable from an applied excitation current;

means comprising a flexible cable extending between said positioning means and the secondary circuit of the transformer for supplying excitation current to said positioning means, said cable including

an electrically conductive core portion forming an electrical path having a uniformly distributed impedance many times greater than that of said primary and secondary circuits between said indicating means at one end and said secondary winding at the other end, whereby said core portion, if shorted to ground, results in only an inappreciable current flow in said circuits; and

an electrically insulating sleeve portion extending around and along said core portion between said housing at one end and said secondary circuit at the other end.

6. A fault indicator as defined in claim 5 wherein said sleeve portion comprises a segment of electrically insulating tubing and said core portion comprises an electrically conductive coating on the inside wall of said tubing segment.

7. A fault indicator as defined in claim 6 wherein said electrically conductive coating comprises a mixture of long-filament carbon particles and uncured rubber.

8. In a fault indicator operable from the relatively low-voltage secondary circuit of a power distribution transformer for indicating the presence of a fault current in the relatively high-voltage primary circuit of the transformer, said indicator including a housing, an externally viewable circuit condition indicating means within said housing having a fault-indicating state and a reset-indicating state, said indicating means being operable from an applied excitation current, the improvement comprising:

means comprising a flexible cable extending between said indicating means and the secondary circuit source for supplying excitation to said indicating means, said cable including

an electrically conductive core portion forming an electrical path having a uniformly distributed impedance many times greater than that of said primary and secondary circuits between said indicating means at one end and said secondary circuit at the other end, whereby said core portion, if shorted to ground, results in only an inappreciable current flow in said circuits; and

an electrically insulating sleeve portion extending around and along said core portion between said housing at one end and said secondary circuit at the other end.

9. A fault indicator as defined in claim 8 wherein said sleeve portion comprises a segment of electrically insulating tubing and said core portion comprises an electrically conductive coating on the inside wall of said tubing segment.

10. A Fault indicator as defined in claim 9 wherein said electrically conductive coating comprises a mixture of long-filament carbon particles and uncured rubber.

11. A fault indicator operable from a remote low-voltage excitation source for indicating the presence of a fault current in a relatively high-voltage electrical conductor, said indicator including:

a housing;

externally-viewable circuit condition indicating means within said housing having a fault indicating state and a reset-indicating state, said indication means being operable from an applied excitation current;

means comprising an elongated flexible cable extending between said indicating means and the external excitation source for supplying excitation to said indicating means, said cable including

an electrically conductive core portion forming an electrical path having a uniformly distributed impedance many times greater than that of said electrical conductor and said excitation source between said indicating means at one end and said source at the other end, whereby said core portion, if shorted to ground, results in only an inappreciable current flow from either said electrical conductor or said excitation source; and

an electrically insulating sleeve portion extending around and along said core portion between said housing at one end and said excitation source at the other end.

12. A fault indicator as defined in claim 11 wherein said indicating means include trip means responsive to the occurrence of a fault current in the conductor for conditioning said circuit condition indicating means to a trip state, and reset means operable from said remote source of excitation for conditioning said indicating means to a reset state, and wherein said core portion connects to said reset means at said one end of said cable.

13. A fault indicator as defined in claim 11 wherein said sleeve portion comprises a segment of electrically insulating tubing, and said core portion comprises an electrically conductive coating on the inside wall of said tubing segment.

14. A fault indicator as defined in clam 13 wherein said electrically conductive coating comprises a mixture of long-filament carbon particles and uncured rubber.

15. In a fault indicator operable from a remote low-voltage excitation source for indicating the presence of a fault current in a relatively high-voltage electrical conductor, said indicator including a housing, and externally-viewable circuit condition indicating means within said housing having a fault-indicating state and a reset-indicating state, said indicating means being operable from an applied excitation current, the improvement comprising;

means comprising a flexible cable extending between said indicating means and said external excitation source for supplying excitation to said indicating means, said cable including;

an electrically conductive core portion forming an electrical path having a uniformly distributed impedance many times greater than that of said electrical conductor and said excitation source between said indicating means at one end and said source at the other end, whereby said core portion, if shorted to ground, results in only an inappreciable current flow from either said electrical conductor or said excitation source; and

an electrically insulating sleeve portion extending around and along said core portion between said housing at one end and said excitation source at the other end.

16. A fault indicator as defined in claim 15 wherein said sleeve portion comprises a segment of electrically insulating tubing, and said core portion comprises an electically conductive coating on the inside wall of said tubing segment.

17. A fault indicator as defined in claim 16 wherein said electrically conductive coating comprises a mixture of long-filament carbon particles and uncured rubber.