Programmable overload circuit

• US 4,291,355 A
• Filed: 07/30/1979
• Issued: 09/22/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Dinger, Edward H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Salce, Patrick R.
• Application Number:
  US06/061,683
• Time in Patent Office: 785 Days
• Field of Search: 361/31, 361/24, 361/25, 361/27, 361/23, 361/93, 361/94, 361/95, 361/96, 361/97, 361/103, 318/782, 318/806, 318/800, 318/334, 318/434, 318/696, 364/483, 364/492, 364/494, 364/705, 364/480, 364/105, 364/107, 364/111, 364/557, 364/605, 364/607
• US Class Current: 361/31
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/04 with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned watching of pilot wires H02H1/0084; protection of protective arrangements H02H7/008; indication of the state of electronic switches H03K17/18
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 6/005 using digital thermal images
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/0833 for electric motors with control arrangements

Abstract

Disclosed is an overload protective circuit for an electric motor which is adaped to monitor and track motor temperature as a function of an operating parameter, namely armature current. The motor'"'"'s armature current is sensed and converted to a multi-bit digital signal which is used to address a programmable read only memory (PROM) which has been pre-programmed with discrete digital values of temperature for a plurality of armature currents for the motor being protected. The digital address signal for the armature motor current is periodically updated at a relatively rapid rate and depending upon the armature current sensed, multi-bit temperature values are outputted from the PROM to a digital latch which operates a relatively slower rate to output another address back to the PROM so as to predict what the temperature will be at the next time increment based on the present current value and the present temperature. When predetermined temperature levels are reached, two bits of the PROM'"'"'s output are respectively adapted to provide an alarm signal, and then a subsequent trip signal which is adapted to deenergize the motor.

Claims

1. An overload protective circuit for a load drawing current from a power source and being operable to effect a predetermined operation in response to a thermal overload condition of said load comprising:

(a) digital memory means programmed with discrete multi-bit data words representative of the temperature characteristic of said load for plural values of load current and being operable in response to an applied address signal corresponding to the value of the present load current and the present load temperature to provide a digital output signal having a predetermined number of bits representative of a predicted load temperature to be reached by said load in a predetermined elapsed time interval and at least one bit adapted to signal a predetermined temperature level being reached by said load;

(b) means providing and coupling a digital signal proportional to the absolute value of the load current to said memory means as a partial address signal;

(c) means coupled to said memory means and being operable to temporarily store said predetermined number of bits of said output signal for said predetermined elapsed time interval and thereafter feed said predetermined number of bits back to said memory means as a partial address signal corresponding to the present load temperature,

said partial address signals being applied concurrently as a composite address signal to said memory means; and

(d) means responsive to said at least one bit of said digital output signal and being adapted to effect said predetermined operation when said predetermined temperature level is signalled.

2. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 1 wherein said digital output signal has at least one other bit adapted to signal a second predetermined temperature level being reached by said load, and

additionally including means responsive to said one other bit to effect another predetermined operation when said second predetermined temperature level is signalled.

3. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 2 wherein said first recited predetermined operation comprises activating an alarm indicator and said another predetermined operation comprises activating a trip circuit for disconnecting said load from said power source.

4. An overload protective circuit for an electric motor coupled to a power source through circuit means which are adapted to operate in response to a control signal applied thereto and being operative to disconnect the motor from the power source in response to a predetermined temperature level being reached by said motor and comprisin combination:

(a) means providing an analog signal proportional to the present value of a motor operating parameter;

(b) means coupled to said analog signal and providing a digital signal from said analog signal;

(c) a digital memory including plural input address lines and plural output lines and having selectively addressed plural memory locations programmed with multi-bit digital data words selected bits of which contain discrete motor operating temperature values and at least one bit of which is adapted to signal a thermal overload condition, said at least one bit being adapted to be coupled to a predetermined output line;

(d) means coupling said digital signal to selected ones of said input address lines of said memory to form a first partial address signal for a specific memory location;

(e) a periodically triggered digital data latch having plural input and output lines, said input lines of said latch being coupled to selected ones of said output lines of said memory and said output lines of said latch being coupled to selected other ones of said input address lines of said memory to thereby form a second partial address signal which together with said first partial address signal forms a complete address signal for a specific memory location, whereupon a specific data word is provided to said output lines of said memory at regular time intervals in response to periodic triggering; and

(f) means coupled to said predetermined output line of said memory and being responsive to a predetermined value of said at least one bit to generate said control signal to disconnect the motor from the power source.

5. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 4 and additionally including,

(g) circuit means coupled to said digital latch for periodically applying trigger signals thereto whereupon data applied at said input lines from said selected ones of said output lines of said memory is transferred and latched to said output lines causing said second partial address signal to change accordingly.

6. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 5 wherein said means for providing a digital signal from said analog signal comprises an analog to digital converter, and additionally including,

(h) means for supplying a clock signal to said analog to digital converter and means for initiating periodic starting and restarting of the analog to digital signal conversion and wherein the periodic starting and restarting is at a relatively faster rate than the periodic triggering of said latch.

7. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 4 wherein said memory comprises a programmable read only memory.

8. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 4 wherein said means providing an analog signal proportional to a motor operating parameter comprises means for providing a signal proportional to the absolute value of motor armature current and wherein said selected bits of each data word containing discrete time related motor operating parameter values comprises predicted temperature values for the present value of motor current.

9. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 4 wherein each data word in said memory includes another bit which is adapted to signal a thermal overload condition, said another bit being adapted to be coupled to another predetermined output line;

and additionally including

(g) means coupled to said another predetermined output line of said memory and being responsive to a predetermined value of said another bit to generate another control signal prior to the generation of said first recited control signal.

10. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 9 wherein said another control signal is adapted to initiate an alarm and wherein said first recited control signal is adapted to disconnect the motor from the power source.

11. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 4 wherein said means providing a digital signal comprises a clocked analog to digital converter and additionally including,

(g) first and second reference signal means respectively providing a relatively high frequency clock signal and a relatively low frequency clock signal;

(h) means coupling said high frequency clock signal to said analog to digital converter for operating said converter at a relatively fast rate; and

(i) means coupling a sub-multiple of said low frequency clock signal to said digital data latch for triggering said latch at a relatively slow rate.

12. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 11 and additionally including,

(j) means coupled to said high frequency clock signal and said low frequency clock signal and being operable to apply a start conversion signal to said analog to digital converter, said conversion signal being generated from said high frequency clock signal once every cycle of the low frequency clock signal.

13. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 11 wherein said means (i) coupling a sub-multiple of the low frequency clock signal comprises a counter circuit.

14. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 13 and additionally including,

(j) means coupled to said counter circuit and being responsive to a selected speed signal for altering the operation of said counter on demand to increase the triggering rate of the latch.

15. The overload protective circuit as defined by claim 11 and additionally including,

(j) memory reset means coupled to said low frequency clock signal and being operative to apply triggering pulses to said latch at said relatively low frequency clock signal rate.