Error reduction speech communication system

• US 4,291,405 A
• Filed: 09/07/1979
• Issued: 09/22/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 09/07/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Jayant, Nuggehally S., Steele, Raymond, Schmidt, Carolyn E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Atkinson, Charles E.
• Application Number:
  US06/073,207
• Time in Patent Office: 746 Days
• Field of Search: 371/31, 371/6, 371/30, 375/34, 375/99, 179/1P, 179/1 SA, 328/135, 328/149, 328/165, 455/296
• US Class Current: 714/747
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/004 by using forward error control H04L1/0618 takes precedence; coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or correction H03M13/00

Abstract

An arrangement reduces transmission errors in a communication system that includes a transmitter operative to convert an input signal into blocks of coded signals and a receiver operative to convert the coded blocks into a replica of the input signal. In the transmitter, a signal representative of first features of the input signal and a signal corresponding to second features of the input signal are generated. In the receiver, corrupted received coded signals are detected responsive to the first feature signal and the received blocks of coded signals. Each corrupted received coded signal is modified jointly responsive to the received blocks of coded signals and the second feature signal to reduce errors in the input signal replica.

Claims

1. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system comprising transmitting means including means for receiving an input signal, means for converting said input signal into blocks of coded signals, and means for applying said blocks of coded signals to a transmission medium;

and receiving means for converting the coded signal blocks from said transmission medium into a replica of said input signal;

CHARACTERIZED IN THAT said transmitting means (180) further comprises feature signal generating means (110,112) responsive to said blocks of coded signals for generating a signal representative of a first set of features of the waveform of said input signal and a signal corresponding to a second set of features of the waveform of said input signal; and

said receiving means (190) further comprises means (153,

     157) jointly responsive to the received first waveform feature signal and the received block coded signals for detecting corrupted received coded signals; and

means (160) operative upon detection of each received corrupted coded signal jointly responsive to said received second waveform feature signal and the received block coded signals for modifying the value of said corrupted coded signal to reduce errors in said signal replica.

2. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 1

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said feature signal generating means comprises first waveform feature signal generating means for combining the coded signals of each block to form a signal representative of a first distinct feature of the block portion of the waveform of said input signal, and second waveform feature signal generating means for combining the coded signals of said block to form a signal corresponding to a second distinct feature of the waveform of the input signal block portion.

3. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 2

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said detecting means comprises means jointly responsive to the coded signals of each received block and the received first distinct waveform feature signal of said block portion for detecting the occurrence of each corrupted received coded signal of said block and said modifying means comprises means jointly responsive to the coded signals of said received block and the second distinct waveform feature signal of said received block portion for altering each corrupted coded signal.

4. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 3

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said block corrupted signal occurrence detecting means comprises means for combining the received block coded signals, and means for comparing said combined received block coded signals with said received block first distinct waveform feature signal;

and said modifying means comprises means jointly responsive to said received block coded signals and said received block second distinct waveform feature signal for forming a third signal, and means for substituting said third signal for the detected corrupted coded signal.

5. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 4 wherein said means for forming said third signal comprises means for combining said received block second distinct waveform feature signal with the received coded signal immediately preceding said detected corrupted coded signal, and said substituting means comprises means for replacing said detected corrupted signal by the output of said means for combining the received block second distinct waveform feature signal with the received coded signal immediately preceding the detected corrupted signal.

6. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 5

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said first distinct waveform feature signal generating means comprises means for dividing said block coded signals into groups, means for producing a signal characteristic of the waveform of each of said groups, and means for selecting one of said group characteristic signals as said first distinct waveform feature signal, and said second distinct waveform feature signal forming means comprises means for partitioning said block coded signals into sets, means for producing a signal characteristic of the waveform of each partitioned set, and means for combining the partitioned set characteristic signals to generate said second distinct waveform feature signal.

7. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 6

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said block dividing means comprises means for dividing said block coded signals into a sequence of pairs of adjacent coded signals, said means for producing a signal characteristic of each of said groups comprises means for generating a signal representative of the deviation between adjacent coded signals, and said means for selecting one of said characteristic signals comprises means for selecting the maximum of said deviation signals.

8. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 7

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said block partitioning means comprises means for partitioning said block coded signals into a sequence of adjacent coded signals, said means for producing a signal characteristic of each of said sets comprises means for generating a signal representative of the deviation between the adjacent coded signals, and said means for combining said characteristic signals comprises means responsive to said block deviation signals for forming a signal representative of the RMS value of said deviation signals.

9. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 8 wherein said input signal in a speech signal and each block of coded signals represents successive samples of said speech signal

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said group signal characteristic producing means comprises means for producing a signal representative of the deviation between adjacent samples of said input speech signal;

and said maximum deviation signal selecting means comprises means for generating a signal representative of the maximum deviation between adjacent samples of said input speech signal.

10. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 9

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said set characteristic signal generating means comprises means for producing a signal representative of the deviation between adjacent samples of said input speech signal;

and said characteristic signal combining means comprises means for forming a signal representative of the RMS value of said speech signal adjacent sample deviations in said block.

11. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 8 or claim 10

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

the combining means of said block corrupted signal detecting means comprises means for forming a signal representative of the difference between each pair of received adjacent coded signals and said comprising means of said block corrupted signal detecting means comprises means responsive to said adjacent coded signal difference being greater than said selected maximum deviation representative signal for producing a fourth signal corresponding to the occurrence of a corrupted received coded signal.

12. An error reduction arrangement in a communication system according to claim 11

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said means for combining the received block deviation RMS signal with the received coded signal immediately preceding the detected corrupted received signal comprises means for storing each received coded signal, said immediately preceding received coded signal, the next preceding received coded signal, and the received coded signal immediately succeeding said received coded signal;

first means for adding said deviation RMS value signal to said immediately preceding coded signal, second means for subtracting said deviation RMS value signal from said immediately preceding coded signal, and third means for applying said immediately preceding coded signal, and said substituting means comprises means jointly responsive to said fourth signal, said detected corrupted received signal, said stored immediately succeeding received coded signal, said stored immediately preceding coded signal and said stored next preceding coded signal for selecting one of said first, second and third means output signals to replace said detected corrupted received signal.

13. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation communication system comprising transmitting means including means for receiving an input analog signal, means responsive to said analog signal for producing successive blocks of first coded sample signals, means for converting each block of first coded sample signals into a block of differential pulse code modulation coded signals and means for applying said differential pulse code modulation coded signals to a communication channel;

and receiving means comprising means for converting each block of differential pulse code modulation coded signals into a block of second coded sample signals, and means responsive to the blocks of second coded sample signals for generating a replica of said analog signal

CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said transmitting means further comprises feature signal generating means responsive to the blocks of differential pulse code modulation coded signals for generating a signal representative of a set of first features of the waveform of the analog signal and a signal corresponding to a set of second features of the waveform of said analog signal, and means for applying the sets of first and second waveform feature signals to said communication channel; and

said receiving means further comprises means jointly responsive to said received first waveform feature signal and the blocks of second coded sample signals for detecting erroneous second coded sample signals, and means operative upon detection of each erroneous second coded sample signal jointly responsive to the received second waveform feature signal and the second coded sample signals for modifying the value of said detected erroneous second coded sample signal to reduce errors in said analog signal replica.

14. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code communication system according to claim 13

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

16. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation system according to claim 14

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said detecting means comprises means jointly responsive to the second coded sample signals of each received block and the received first distinct waveform feature signal of said block portion for detecting the occurrence of erroneous received second coded sample signals of said block;

and said modifying means comprises means jointly responsive to the second coded sample signals of said received block and the second distinct waveform feature signal of said received block for altering said erroneous second coded sample signal.

18. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation communication system according to claim 16 wherein said means for forming said third signal comprises means for combining the received block second distinct waveform feature signal with the second coded sample signal immediately preceding the detected erroneous second coded sample signal;

and said substituting means comprises means for replacing the detected erroneous second coded sample signal by said combined received block second distinct waveform feature signal and second coded sample signal immediately preceding said detected erroneous second coded sample signal.

20. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation communication system according to claim 18

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

23. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation communication system according to claim 20

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

27. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 23

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

the feature signal generation in said transmitter comprises the steps of combining the coded signals of each block to form a signal representative of a first distinct waveform feature of the block portion of input signal, and combining the coded signals of said block to form a signal corresponding to a second distinct waveform feature of the input signal block portion.

31. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 27

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said first distinct waveform feature signal forming step comprises dividing the block coded signals into groups, producing a signal characteristic of each of said groups, and selecting one of said group characteristic signals as the first distinct waveform feature signal;

and said second distinct waveform signal forming step comprises partitioning the block coded signals into sets, producing a signal characteristic of each partitioned set and means for combining the partitioned set characteristic signals to produce said second distinct waveform feature signal.

35. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 31

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said step of combining the received RMS deviation signal with the received coded signal immediately preceding the received corrupted coded signal includes temporarily storing each received coded signal, the immediately preceding received coded signal, the next preceding received coded signal, and the received coded signal immediately succeeding said received coded signal;

generating a fifth signal corresponding to the sum of said immediately preceding received signal and said RMS deviation signal responsive for each received coded signal;

generating a sixth signal corresponding to the difference between said immediately preceding received signal and said RMS deviation signal for each received coded signal; and

, responsive to said fourth signal, said stored received coded signal, said stored immediately preceding received coded signal, said stored next preceding received coded signal and said stored immediately succeeding received coded signal, selecting one of said fifth, sixth and immediately preceding received coded signal to replace the detected received corrupted coded signal.

36. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 23 or claim 32 wherein said input signal is an analog signal.

15. said feature signal generating means comprises means responsive to each block of differential pulse coded modulation coded signals for producing a set of third coded sample signals, means responsive to the third coded sample signals of each block for forming a signal representative of a first distinct feature of the block portion of the waveform of the input analog signal, and means for combining the third coded sample signals of said block to form a signal corresponding to a second distinct feature of the waveform of the input analog signal block portion.

17. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation communication system according to claim 15

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said block erroneous signal occurrence detecting means comprises means for combining the received block second coded sample signals, and means for comparing the combined received block second coded sample signals with the received block first distinct waveform feature signal, and said modifying means comprises means jointly responsive to the received block second coded sample signals and the received block second distinct waveform feature signal for forming a third signal, and means for substituting said third signal for the detected erroneous second coded sample signal.

19. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation communication system according to claim 17

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said first distinct waveform feature signal generating means comprises means for dividing the block first coded sample signals into groups, means for producing a signal characteristic of each of said groups, and means for selecting one of said group characteristic signals as the first distinct waveform feature signal;

and the second distinct waveform feature signal forming means comprises means for partitioning the block first coded sample signals into sets, means for producing a signal characteristic of each partitioned set, and means for combining the partitioned set characteristic signals to generate said second distinct waveform feature signal.

22. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation communication system according to claim 19

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said block partitioning means comprises means for partitioning the block first coded sample signals into a sequence of adjacent first coded sample signals, said means for producing a signal characteristic of each of said sets comprises means for generating a signal representative of the deviation between the adjacent first coded sample signals;

and said means for combining the characteristic signals comprises means responsive to the block deviation signals for forming a signal representative of the RMS value of said block deviation signals.

21. said block dividing means comprises means for dividing the block first coded sample signals into a sequence of adjacent first coded sample signals, said means for producing a signal characteristic of each of said groups comprises means for generating a signal representative of the deviation between the adjacent first coded sample signals;

and said means for selecting one of said characteristic signals comprises means for selecting the maximum of the deviation signals of the block.

25. An error reduction arrangement in a differential pulse code modulation communication system according to claim 21

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said means for combining said RMS deviation signal with the coded second sample signal immediately preceding said detected erroneous coded second sample signal comprises means for storing each coded second sample signal, the immediately preceding coded second sample signal, the next preceding coded second sample signal, and the coded second sample signal immediately succeeding said received coded second sample signal;

means reponsive to each received coded second sample signal for generating a fifth signal corresponding to the sum of said immediately preceding coded second sample signal and said RMS deviation signal and a sixth signal corresponding to the difference between said immediately preceding coded second sample signal and said RMS deviation signal; and

means responsive to said fourth signal, said stored received coded second sample signal, said stored immediately preceding coded second sample signal, the stored next preceding coded second sample signal, and said stored immediately succeeding coded second sample signal for selecting one of said fifth, sixth, and immediately preceding second coded sample signals to replace said detected erroneous coded second sample signal.

29. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 25

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said received block corrupted coded signal detecting step comprises the step of combining the received block coded signals, and comparing the combined received block coded signals with the block first distinct waveform feature signal;

and said altering step comprises the steps of forming a third signal jointly responsive to the received block coded signals and the received block second distinct waveform feature signal, and substituting said third signal for the detected received corrupted coded signal.

33. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 29

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said block dividing step comprises dividing said block coded signals into a sequence of adjacent coded signals, said characteristic signal producing step comprises generating a signal representative of the deviation between adjacent coded signals, and said selecting step comprises selecting the maximum of said deviation signals.

37. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 33 wherein said analog signal is a speech signal.

24. said means for combining the received block second coded sample signals comprises means for forming a signal representative of the difference between the adjacent second coded sample signals and said means for comparing the combined second coded sample signals with the received block first distinct waveform feature signal comprises means responsive to said adjacent second coded sample signal difference being greater than said first distinct waveform feature signal for producing a fourth signal corresponding to the occurrence of an erroneous second coded sample signal.

28. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 24

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said corrupted coded signal detection in said receiver comprises the step of detecting received corrupted coded signals of said block jointly responsive to the coded signals of each block and the received first distinct waveform feature signal of said block portion;

and said modifying step in said receiver comprises the step of altering said received corrupted coded signal responsive to the coded signals of said received block and the second distinct waveform feature signal of the received block portion.

32. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 28

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said block partitioning step comprises partitioning said block coded signals into a sequence of adjacent coded signals, said step of producing a signal characteristic of said sets comprises generating a signal representative of the deviation between adjacent coded signals, and the characteristic signal combining step comprises forming a signal representative of the RMS value of said deviation signals.

26. A method for reducing errors in a communication system comprising a transmitter including means for receiving an input signal, means for converting said input signal into blocks of coded signals, and means for applying said blocks of coded signals to a transmission medium;

and a receiver for converting the coded blocks of signals from said transmission medium into a replica of said input signal;

said method being CHARACTERIZED IN THAT;

in the transmitter, a signal representative of a first set of features of the waveform of said input signal and a signal representative of a second set of features of the waveform of said input signal are generated responsive to said blocks of coded signals, and said first and second waveform feature signals are applied to said transmission medium;

in said receiver, corrupted received coded signals are detected responsive to said first waveform feature signal and said received blocks of coded signals; and

, jointly responsive to said second waveform feature signal and the received blocks of coded signals upon detection of a corrupted received coded signal, the value of the corrupted received coded signal is modified to reduce errors in said input signal replica.

30. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 26

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

said third signal forming step comprises combining the received block second distinct waveform feature signal with the received coded signal immediately preceding the detected received corrupted coded signal, and said substituting step comprises replacing the detected received corrupted coded signal by the combined immediately preceding received coded signal and received second distinct waveform feature signal.

34. A method for reducing transmission errors in a communication system according to claim 30

further CHARACTERIZED IN THAT

the combining of block coded signals in the corrupted signal detection step comprises forming a signal representative of the difference between the received adjacent coded signals, and the comparing step of the corrupted signal detection comprises producing a fourth signal corresponding to the occurrence of a corrupted received coded signal responsive to the received adjacent coded signal difference being greater than the received selected maximum deviation signal of the block.