Radio signalling systems

• US 4,300,236 A
• Filed: 01/08/1979
• Issued: 11/10/1981
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lewis Security Systems Limited
• Original Assignee: Lewis Security Systems Limited
• Inventors: Gilmour, deceased, William D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bookbinder, Marc E.
• Application Number:
  US06/001,731
• Time in Patent Office: 1,037 Days
• Field of Search: 455/49, 340/539, 340/171 A, 340/311, 340/167 A, 340/694, 340/695, 328/136, 455/49, 455/53, 455/54, 455/95, 455/100, 455/128, 455/39, 375/21, 375/22, 375/23, 375/24, 375/37, 375/41, 375/68, 375/70, 370/8, 370/93, 178/66.1, 178/66.2
• US Class Current: 375/239
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/28 the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/00 Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 14/026 using pulse time characteristics modulation, e.g. width, position, interval

Abstract

This invention is a radio frequency identity system in which each user has a token containing a low power transmitter. If he wants to enter a security area, a receiver operates to let him enter if it recognizes that the transmission is correct. A correct transmission is one having a set number of R.F. carrier cycles between successive modulation pulses.

In an alarm system a user can identify himself in a similar manner.

Claims

1. A radio signalling system including a number of portable tokens each capable of transmitting signals in the form of a carrier frequency which is common to the tokens, with spaced modulation pulses superimposed on the carrier and defining carrier bursts between successive of said pulses, the number of carrier frequency cycles in said carrier bursts between successive modulation pulses being different for different tokens, and a receiver including a carrier cycle counter and capable of distinguishing between received signals from tokens with different characteristic numbers of cycles in their bursts, wherein for any one token the number of carrier frequency cycles is the same in each burst of transmitted signals.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1 in which each token is small enough to go in a user'"'"'s pocket.

3. A system as claimed in claim 2 wherein each token includes a manual switch for causing the token to start transmitting.

4. A system as claimed in claim 1 in which the carrier frequency is a radio frequency.

5. A system as claimed in claim 4 in which the carrier cycle counter includes a counter of clock pulses derived from the cycles in bursts of received carrier frequency.

6. A system as claimed in claim 5 in which the receiver includes a comparator of the count achieved by the counter which comparator is arranged to compare the achieved count with a pre-set count identifying tokens to which access is to be given to a security area.

7. A system as claimed in claim 6 in which the receiver is arranged in response to a successful comparision to operate a release mechanism to a security area.

8. A radio signalling system including a number of portable tokens each capable of transmitting signals in the form of a carrier radio frequency which is common to the tokens, with spaced modulation pulses superimposed on the carrier and defining, for each token, carrier bursts between successive of said pulses, the number of carrier frequency cycles in said carrier bursts between successive modulation pulses being different for different tokens, and a receiver capable of distinguishing between received signals from tokens with different characteristic numbers of cycles in their bursts, said receiver comprising first means for determining the number of cycles in one burst of received carrier frequency, and second means for identifying tokens to which access is to be given to a security area based on the number of cycles in said one burst and the number of cycles determined by said first means in a burst of received carrier frequency preceding said one burst.