Railroad car wheel bearing heat signal processing circuit

• US 4,313,583 A
• Filed: 03/31/1980
• Issued: 02/02/1982
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Servo Corporation of America
• Original Assignee: Servo Corporation of America
• Inventors: Sanville, W. Woodward, Bambara, Joseph E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Groody, James J.
• Application Number:
  US06/135,628
• Time in Patent Office: 673 Days
• Field of Search: 340/57, 340/682, 340/584, 246/169 D, 246/169 A, 246/169 S, 246/DIG. 1, 246/DIG. 2, 73/355 R, 116/DIG. 38, 308/1 A, 235/92 CP, 235/92 MT, 235/92 CA
• US Class Current: 246/169.00A
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7008 with parts of, or attached to, the longitudinal elements, bearing against an outside of the screw or hook heads, e.g. nuts on threaded rods A61B17/7007 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7041 with single longitudinal rod offset laterally from single row of screws or hooks A61B17/7044 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/7044 also having plates, staples or washers bearing on the vertebrae
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/86 Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor A61B17/72 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/00 Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges protective face masks A41D13/11; surgeon's or patient's gowns or dresses A41D13/12; devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body liquids A61M1/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/44 for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30411 having two threaded end parts connected by a threaded central part with opposite threads at its opposite ends, i.e. for adjusting the distance between both end parts by rotating the central part
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3055 for adjusting length
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2220/0025 Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
• CPC Class Codes: B61K 9/06 by detecting or indicating heat radiation from overheated axles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 246/02 Thermal sensing devices

Abstract

An improved method and circuit is provided for processing waveforms from a railway car heat signal to eliminate spurious signals and to differentiate between roller bearings and friction bearings in a railroad hot box detector system. The waveforms generated by passing bearings are discretely sampled and spurious signals are eliminated by considering only those signals that fall within the crossing points of a threshold value. Discrimination between roller bearings and friction bearings is obtained by determining the ratio of the sum of the discrete values of the amplitude of the waveform within a first set of samples between the crossing points to the sum of the discrete values of the amplitude of the waveform within a second set of samples between the crossing points.

Claims

1. In a railroad hot box detector system of the type including infrared responsive scanner means associated with a sensing zone along a section of track adapted to scan bearings of a railroad car within said sensing zone and to generate an output voltage signal in response thereto having an amplitude and waveform indicative of the type of bearing being scanned and a sampling circuit adapted to sample the output of said scanner means into a preselected number of discrete samples the improvement comprising:

means for establishing a threshold signal level related to the average of the discrete voltage levels;

means for determining the number of discrete samples falling between the crossing points of said waveform through said threshold; and

means for averaging the discrete voltage levels of the samples falling between the crossing points whereby to obtain a signal indicative of the heat condition of the bearing being scanned.

2. The invention in accordance with claim 1 further comprising:

means for obtaining a first predetermined portion of the samples falling between the crossing points;

means for obtaining the sum of the voltage levels during said first predetermined portion;

means for obtaining a second predetermined portion of the samples falling between the crossing points;

means for obtaining the sum of the voltage levels during said second predetermined portion; and

means for comparing said first and second sums to obtain information indicative of the type of bearing being scanned.

4. The invention in accordance with claim 1 or 3 wherein said threshold establishing means includes means for adding the sum of said discrete voltage levels and a variable divider for dividing said sum, the divisor of said variable divider comprising the number of discrete voltage levels added.

5. The invention in accordance with claims 1 or 3 wherein said threshold establishing means includes means for adding the sum of said discrete voltage levels;

a first divider for dividing said sum, the divisor of said first divider comprising the number of discrete voltage levels added; and

a second divider connected to the output of said first divider, the divisor of said second divider comprising a fixed value and the output of said second divider comprising said threshold.

3. In a railroad hot box detector system of the type including infrared responsive scanner means associated with a sensing zone along a section of track adapted to scan bearings of a railroad car within said sensing zone and to generate an output voltage signal in response thereto having an amplitude and waveform indicative of the type of bearing being scanned and a sampling circuit adapted to sample the output of said scanner means into a preselected number of discrete samples the improvement comprising:

means for establishing a threshold signal level related to the average of the discrete voltage levels;

means for determining the number of discrete samples falling between the crossing points of said waveform through said threshold;

means for obtaining a first predetermined portion of the samples falling between the crossing points;

means for obtaining the sum of the voltage levels during said first predetermined portion;

means for obtaining a second predetermined portion of the samples falling between the crossing points;

means for obtaining the sum of the voltage levels during said second preselected portion, and,

means for comparing said first and second sums to obtain information indicative of the type of bearing being scanned.

6. The method for eliminating spurious signals in the processing of a railroad car bearing heat signal waveform comprising the steps of:

(a) scanning the bearings of a railroad car within a sensing zone along a length of track to generate a waveform indicative of the heat condition of the bearing being scanned;

(b) sampling the output of said scanner into a preselected number of discrete samples;

(c) adding the voltage levels of all the samples of said waveform in excess of zero and dividing the sum so obtained by the number of samples added to obtain a threshold; and

(d) determining the points where the waveform would cross said threshold and eliminating all the sample points outside said crossing whereby to eliminate spurious signals.

7. The method in accordance with claim 6 comprising the further steps of:

determining the sum of the voltage levels of the samples of said waveform within a first portion of the threshold crossing points;

determining the sum of the voltage levels of a second portion of the samples of said waveform between the threshold crossing points; and

,

obtaining the ratio of the sum of the first portion voltage levels to the sum of the voltage levels of the second portion whereby to obtain a number indicative of the type of bearing under investigation.

9. The method in accordance with claims 6 or 8 further comprising the step of determing the ratio of the threshold portion of the waveform between the crossing points to said sensing zone whereby to obtain an indication of the size of the bearing under consideration.

10. The method in accordance with claims 6 or 8 further comprising the step of determining the relative position of the threshold portion of the waveform between the crossing points to said sensing zone whereby to obtain an indication of the size of the wheel under consideration.

8. The method for discriminating between waveforms generated by roller bearings and friction bearings in the processing of a railway car bearing heat signal waveform comprising the steps of:

(a) scanning the bearings of a railroad car within a sensing zone along a length of track to generate a waveform indicative of the type of bearing being scanned;

(b) sampling the output of said scanner into a preselected number of discrete samples;

(c) adding the voltage levels of all the samples of said waveform in excess of zero and dividing the sum so obtained by the number of samples added to obtain a threshold;

(d) determining the points where the waveform would cross said threshold and eliminating all the sample points outside said crossing;

(e) determining the sum of the voltage levels of the samples of said waveform within a first portion of the threshold crossing points;

(f) determining the sum of the voltage levels of a second portion of the samples of said waveform between the threshold crossing points; and

,

(g) obtaining the ratio of the sum of the first portion voltage levels to the sum of the voltage levels of the second portion whereby to obtain a number indicative of the type of bearing under investigation.