Biopsy and aspiration needle unit

• US 4,314,565 A
• Filed: 10/26/1979
• Issued: 02/09/1982
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Peter F Lee Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Peter F. Lee
• Inventors: Lee, Peter F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Thaler, Michael H.
• Application Number:
  US06/088,818
• Time in Patent Office: 837 Days
• Field of Search: 128/753, 128/754, 128/752, 128/751, 128/310, 128/347, 128/348, 128/221, 279/20, 279/42, 408/226, 285/322, 285/323, 285/27, 285/330, 403/13, 403/14, 403/361, 403/341, 403/342
• US Class Current: 600/566
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0283 with vacuum aspiration, e.g. caused by retractable plunger or by connected syringe A61B10/025, A61B10/0266 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2010/0258 Marrow samples
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2217/005 with suction drainage system

Abstract

A bone marrow biopsy and aspiration needle unit is disclosed. The unit includes a holding device, with a longitudinal bore therethrough, comprising a collect chuck and handle grips, a replaceable cannula to be interlockably mounted in the holding means, with the cannula'"'"'s lumen in alignment with the longitudinal bore, and an elongated stylet releaseably mounted in the aligned bores. When the needle unit is also to be used for aspiration, a second cannula of a diameter less than the first cannula is inserted through the aligned bores in the holding device and the first cannula.

Claims

1. A bone marrow biopsy needle unit comprising:

(a) holding means including a collet chuck and a head portion aligned coaxially so that a line running along the common axis defines a longitudinal axis of said holding means, a bore of circular cross section along said longitudinal axis through said head portion and said collet chuck, and handle means extending from said head portion generally at right angles to said longitudinal axis, said collet chuck comprising a plurality of arms with external threading thereon, adjacent arms being separated by said generally longitudinally extending slot, each arm terminating in a jaw portion, and a collar nut to threadedly engage and radially compress said arms, each arm having an interior surface, said interior surfaces defining a segmented cylinder generally of a first diameter when said arms are not compressed by said collar nut;

(b) a replaceable cannula, of predetermined length and gauge, of uniform hollow cylindrical configuration throughout the major portion of its length, having an open distal end, an external distal end surface portion uniformly tapered toward said distal end and an internal distal end surface portion tapered uniformly from a first circular diameter which extends along the major portion of said length of said cannula to a smaller circular diameter at said distal end, said distal end defining a cutting edge which is outwardly beveled and is obliquely disposed to the longitudinal axis of said cannula, an open proximal end, and an external proximal end surface portion, said proximal end having a second diameter generally equal to said first diameter and being adapted to be releasably mounted in said collet chuck with a bore thereof being coaxially aligned with said bore of said holding means;

(c) interlocking means for preventing movement of said cannula along or around said longitudinal axis of said holding means when said proximal end of said cannula is mounted in said collet chuck, said interlocking means comprising a protrusion and a recess, said protrusion extending from said proximal end portion of said cannula in a direction generally radial from said longitudinal axis a distance beyond said first diameter into one of said slots, said protrusion having an abutment surface facing in a direction of rotation about said longitudinal axis, said recess extending into at least one of said arms from an edge of said last-mentioned arm defining one of said slots into said last-mentioned arm in a direction of rotation about said longitudinal axis to define an abutment edge facing in a direction of rotation about said longitudinal axis, said abutment surface and abutment edge mating when said cannula is connected to said chuck to prevent the rotation of said cannula with respect to said chuck;

(d) an elongated stylet, of predetermined length and gauge, of generally uniform circular cross section mounted in said aligned bores, said stylet having a distal end, a proximal end, and a cap portion at said proximal end; and

(e) engaging means on both said stylet and said head portion cooperating to releasably engage said stylet and said holding means.

2. The biopsy needle unit of claim 1 wherein said interlocking means include an annular end wall in said collet chuck formed at the interface of said bore of said holding means and a larger diameter counterbore along said longitudinal axis through said jaw portions, said counterbore being defined at least in part by the inner surface of said arms and being of said second diameter generally equal to the outside first diameter of said cannula at said proximal end, said protrusion being formed as a hemispherical bead external from said external proximal end surface portion of said cannula, and a pair of said recesses, one of said recesses being formed in said one opposed edge of one of the arms defining one of the slots, said recesses being opposite one another and of a size and shape corresponding to that of said bead, so that when said proximal end of said replaceable cannula is abutting said annular wall and said collar nut is tightened, said beads interlock with said opposite recesses.

3. The biopsy needle unit of claim 1 wherein said cap portion of said stylet comprises a knob portion and an elongated stem portion, said stem portion having a generally circular cross section uniformly tapering from one diameter to a second, smaller diameter at said proximal end of said stylet;

said engaging means comprising said elongated stem portion and an interior surface formed by a counterbore along said longitudinal axis of said holding means in said head portion, said counterbore being uniformly tapered to correspond with the taper of said stem portion, so that when said stylet is mounted in said aligned bores, said interior surface formed in said head portion frictionally engages said stem portion.

4. The biopsy needle unit of claim 1 wherein said stylet is of a length such that, when mounted in said aligned bores, said distal end of said stylet extends a predetermined distance of approximately two millimeters beyond said distal end of said cannula.

5. A bone marrow biopsy needle unit comprising:

(a) generally T-shaped holding means including;

(i) a collet chuck and a head portion aligned coaxially, the common axis defining the longitudinal axis of said holding means, said collet chuck comprising a plurality of arms with external threading thereon to engage a collar nut, said collar nut radially compressing said arms when threaded thereon, each said arm terminating in a jaw portion, and each said arm being separated from each other said arm by a compressible, generally planar, slot running the length of each said arm, each arm having a longitudinally extending edge defining a longitudinal end of said slot;

(ii) a handle extending from said head portion at generally right angles to said longitudinal axis,

(iii) a longitudinal bore of circular cross section along said longitudinal axis through said head portion and said collet chuck, a first counter-bore of uniform circular cross section of larger diameter than that of said longitudinal bore along said longitudinal axis through said jaw portions, and a second counterbore along said longitudinal axis in head portion uniformly tapering from a first diameter to a smaller second diameter, said second diameter being greater than the diameter of said longitudinal bore;

(b) a replaceable cannula having a lumen;

an open distal end, an open proximal end, and an external proximal end surface portion with a hemispherical bead disposed thereon and extending therefrom adapted to be releasably mounted in said holding means so that said lumen is coaxially aligned with said longitudinal bore, said bead having an abutment surface facing in a direction of rotation about said longitudinal axis, said cannula having a generally circular cross section of uniform inside and outside diameter along the major portion of its length and internal and external distal end portions uniformly tapered toward said distal end, said distal end defining a cutting edge which is outwardly beveled and is obliquely disposed to the longitudinal axis of said cannula;

(c) a recess formed in each longitudinally extending edge defining one of said slots, each recess having an abutment edge facing a direction of rotation about said longitudinal axis, and each said recess having a semicircular cross section of radius corresponding to the radii of said hemispherical bead; and

(d) an elongated stylet of generally uniform circular cross section releasably mounted in said aligned longitudinal bore and lumen, said stylet having a distal end defining a cutting edge obliquely disposed to that longitudinal axis of said stylet at an angle equal to that at which said distal end of said cannula is disposed to said longitudinal axis of said cannula, a proximal end, and a cap portion at said proximal end having an elongated stem portion of tapered circular cross section corresponding to the taper of said second counterbore to frictionally engage said head portion, said stylet being of such a length that when mounted, said distal end of said stylet extends a predetermined distance beyond said distal end of said mounted cannula.