Frequency adaptive, power-energy re-scheduler

• US 4,317,049 A
• Filed: 09/17/1979
• Issued: 02/23/1982
• Est. Priority Date: 09/17/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Schweppe, Fred C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Franklin, Lawrence R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Schreyer, S. D.
• Application Number:
  US06/076,019
• Time in Patent Office: 890 Days
• Field of Search: 307/149, 307/116, 307/118, 307/129, 307/125, 307/39, 307/40, 307/31, 307/35, 307/96, 307/97, 307/34, 364/492, 364/493
• US Class Current: 307/39
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/54 according to a pre-established time schedule
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/60 Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

A frequency adaptive, power-energy re-scheduler (FAPER) that includes a frequency transducer that notes frequency or frequency deviations of an electrical system and logic means which controls and re-schedules power flow to a load unit in part on the basis of the deviations in frequency from a nominal frequency and in part on the needs to the load unit as expressed by an external sensor signal obtained from the physical system affected by the load unit.

Claims

1. For use in a power distribution system wherein plural load systems operate independently of each other, a frequency adaptive power-energy re-scheduler for a said load system, that comprises, in combination:

frequency transducer means that senses deviation of electrical input frequency from nominal frequency and provides an output signal; and

logic means connected to receive said output signal and operable to provide an output which combines physical variable measurements to a controlled load unit to affect the values of the physical variable so as to re-schedule the electric-energy consumption of the load unit on the basis of the values of said frequency.

2. For use in an electrical power distribution system wherein plural load systems operate independently of each other, a frequency-adaptive, power-energy re-scheduler to receive an input indicating the magnitude of a physical variable and operable to provide an output that serves to control said magnitude, that comprises, in combination:

frequency transducer means that senses deviation of the system frequency from a nominal frequency and provides an output based on said deviation; and

logic means connected to receive as one input thereto the output of the frequency transducer means, which logic means is adapted to receive as a further input thereto a signal indicating the magnitude of the physical variable and is operable to process the input from the frequency transducer means and the signal indicating the magnitude of the physical variable and provide a re-scheduler output on the basis of such processing to control said magnitude.

3. A frequency-adaptive, power-energy re-scheduler as claimed in claim 2 that further includes sensor means that measures deviations in the physical variable from a nominal value thereof to provide the signal that is connected as said further input to the logic means.

4. A frequency adaptive power-energy rescheduling apparatus for adjusting the power consumption of a load unit in response to the available power from an input electric energy source, said load unit being one of a plurality of independently operating load units connected to said energy source, comprising

a frequency transducer means for sensing the electrical input frequency of the input electric energy source;

a sensor means for measuring a physical variable associated with the load unit, said physical variable changing in response to operation of said load unit,

a logic means responsive to said frequency transducer means and said sensor means for providing a control signal to said load unit,

said logic means being further responsive to means representing a set of decision rules for providing said control signal to said load unit for effecting control of the load presented by said load unit to said electric energy source at least when said input frequency is below a desired value.

5. A frequency adaptive power-energy rescheduler apparatus according to claim 4 wherein

said load unit comprises a power control device and a usage device,

said power control device includes a switch means having a first and a second state, and

said switch means being responsive to a first said control signal for applying said electrical energy input to said usage device and to a second said control signal for disconnecting said usage device from said electric energy input source.

6. The frequency adaptive power-energy rescheduler apparatus according to claim 4 wherein

said load unit comprises

a power control device and a usage device,

said power control device having a plurality of control states for variably limiting the power made available to said usage device in response to said control signal.