Infrared detector system

• US 4,318,089 A
• Filed: 03/24/1980
• Issued: 03/02/1982
• Est. Priority Date: 03/24/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: David Frankel
• Original Assignee: David Frankel
• Inventors: Broome, Barry G., Dobkin, Robert C., Frankel, Denes E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Caldwell, Sr., John W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nowicki, Joseph E.
• Application Number:
  US06/133,353
• Time in Patent Office: 708 Days
• Field of Search: 340/555, 340/556, 340/557, 340/567, 250/338, 250/342, 250/353, 350/292, 350/293, 350/294, 350/299
• US Class Current: 340/567
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/19 using infrared-radiation detection systems G08B13/194 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/193 using focusing means
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 250/01 Passive intrusion detectors

Abstract

An improved infrared detector system includes a pair of thin film thermopile sensing elements that receives reflected energy from aspheric reflectors that are designed to provide optimum energy resolution. An absorbing coating can be placed above the sensors and extending beyond the periphery to improve the signal to noise ratio. A high gain low noise D.C. amplifier is coupled to the output of the infrared sensing elements while a high pass amplifier and low pass amplifier are designed to pass an amplified signal in the frequency range from approximately 0.2 Hz to 15 Hz. Finally, a combined peak detector and time dependent integrator summing amplifier circuit provides an enabling predetermined threshhold detection gate that requires either a predetermined large signal level or a multiple of small electrical signals within a preselected interval to produce an alarm enabling signal.

Claims

1. An infrared detector system comprising;

at least a pair of spaced apart infrared sensing elements capable of generating respective first and second electrical signals;

a plurality of reflective surfaces subtending respective different object fields of view, about a respective optical axis, each reflective surface having a focal point positioned on its optical axis between the respective infrared sensing elements and reflecting optimum energy resolution of an image configuration compatible to the sensing element configuration whereby movement of an infrared emitting object will produce a sequence of electrical signals from the infrared sensing elements; and

means for processing the electrical signals to produce an alarm signal in response to predetermined enabling conditions.

2. The invention of claim 1 wherein the reflective surfaces are aspherical.

3. The invention of claim 1 wherein each reflective surface is inclined relative to its adjacent reflective surface so that different regions of the object fields of view can be imaged onto the infrared sensing elements, each reflective surface having a common focal point between the infrared sensing elements.

4. The invention of claim 1 wherein each reflective surface is substantially identical and can be defined by the following equation:

##EQU2## wherein;

6. The invention of claim 1 wherein the reflective surfaces are on an aspheric fresnel element.

7. The invention of claim 1 wherein the infrared sensing elements are low impedance thin film thermopile elements.

8. The invention of claim 6 wherein the means for processing the electrical signals include a high gain direct current operational amplifier directly connected to the output of the thermopile elements.

9. The invention of claim 1 wherein the means for processing the electrical signals include a filter circuit having a high pass amplifier and a low pass amplifier to pass an amplified signal in the frequency range of 0.2 Hz to 15 Hz.

10. The invention of claim 1 wherein the means for processing the electrical signals include a combined peak detector and time dependent integrator summing amplifier circuit means to provide an alarm signal, the summing amplifier circuit means providing an enabling predetermined threshhold detector gate that requires one of a predetermined large signal level and a multiple of smaller electrical signals within a preselected interval.

11. The invention of claim 1 wherein the sensing elements are thin film thermopiles having active and inactive surfaces with an infrared energy absorbing coating layer extending over both surfaces to provide an increased signal to noise ratio at a slower response time than a conventional thin film thermopile.

12. The invention of claim 10 wherein the inactive surface area is coated with approximately twice the area coating of the infrared energy absorbing layer as the active surface area.

13. The invention of claim 1 wherein the infrared sensing elements have a rectangular configuration and are spaced horizontally apart from each other, and the respective reflective surfaces can optically an image of a human being that is non-coincidental with both sensors, the reflected image being elongated in the vertical plane to match the rectangular elongated configuration of the image sensor.

15. The invention of claim 13 wherein the aspheric reflector segments have a substantially identical configuration and can be defined by the following equation:

##EQU3## wherein;

17. The invention of claim 13 wherein the reflective segments are on an aspheric fresnel element.

18. The invention of claim 13 wherein each reflective segment is inclined relative to its adjacent reflective segment so that different regions of the object fields of view can be imaged onto the infrared sensing elements, each reflective segment having a common focal point between the infrared sensing elements.

19. The invention of claim 13 wherein the sensing elements are thin film thermopiles having active and inactive surfaces with an infrared energy absorbing coating layer extending over both surfaces to provide an increased signal to noise ratio at a slower response time than a conventional thin film thermopile.

20. The invention of claim 17 wherein the inactive surface area is coated with approximately twice the area coating of the infrared energy absorbing layer as the active surface area.

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14. An infrared detector system comprising:

detector means including at least a pair of infrared sensing elements capable of generating respective first and second electrical signals of opposite polarity;

reflecting means including a plurality of aspheric reflector segments that partition the object field of view into discrete regions, each reflector segment subtending a different region and focusing incident infrared energy onto the detector means with minimal image aberration;

circuit means for processing electrical signals from the detector means including a high gain low noise D.C. amplifier coupled to the output of the infrared sensing elements, a high pass amplifier and low pass amplifier coupled respectively in series to the output of the D.C. amplifier to pass an amplified signal in the frequency range of approximately 0.2 Hz to 15 Hz and a combined peak detector and time dependent integrator summing amplifier circuit receiving the signal from the low pass amplifier to provide an enabling predetermined threshhold detection gate that requires one of, a predetermined large signal level and a multiple of small electrical signals within a preselected interval, to produce an alarm enabling signal, and

means responsive to the alarm signal to indicate the presence of an intruder.

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21. The invention of claim 16 wherein each reflective segment subtends an individual field of view of 3.5°

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