Miniature transmitter and method for making same
First Claim
1. A miniature hand-held radio-frequency transmitter comprising a housing;
- a fixed-frequency transmitter circuit mounted within said housing;
battery means within said housing for powering said transmitter circuit; and
switch means on the exterior of said housing, when operated, for controlling said transmitter circuit to generate a predetermined frequency;
characterized by said transmitter circuit having a detuned antenna which is fed a signal which is integrally related, but not equal, to said predetermined frequency and which is tuned to a frequency which is slightly different from said signal such that the power radiated by the detuned antenna is at a level lower than the maximum power which would otherwise be radiated thereby, the clasping of said housing by a hand shifting the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the frequency of said signal such that absorption of radiated power by an enveloping hand is automatically compensated by hand-capacitance effects which shift the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the frequency of said signal so that the radiated power is approximately the same and equal to said lower level whether the transmitter operates in free space or is clasped by a hand.
6 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
There is disclosed a miniature hand-held radio-frequency transmitter. An operating frequency is determined by a lumped-circuit oscillator which feeds an antenna etched on the periphery of the circuit board. The antenna is tuned to a frequency which is slightly above the second harmonic of the operating frequency, it being the second harmonic which is radiated. By slightly mis-tuning the antenna, the effects of an enveloping hand are minimized. The clasping of the transmitter by a human hand results in the absorption of some of the radiated power, but hand-capacitance effects also shift the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the second harmonic of the operating frequency, thus increasing the radiated power. In this way the signaling range under free-space conditions is the same as that under operating conditions. The oscillator circuit can thus be adjusted for maximum power output under free-space conditions within the guidelines of F.C.C. Regulations, without the signaling range being appreciably reduced under operating conditions. The radiated frequency is not appreciably affected by hand capacitance effects because it is determined by a lumped-circuit oscillator.
59 Citations
40 Claims
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1. A miniature hand-held radio-frequency transmitter comprising a housing;
- a fixed-frequency transmitter circuit mounted within said housing;
battery means within said housing for powering said transmitter circuit; and
switch means on the exterior of said housing, when operated, for controlling said transmitter circuit to generate a predetermined frequency;
characterized by said transmitter circuit having a detuned antenna which is fed a signal which is integrally related, but not equal, to said predetermined frequency and which is tuned to a frequency which is slightly different from said signal such that the power radiated by the detuned antenna is at a level lower than the maximum power which would otherwise be radiated thereby, the clasping of said housing by a hand shifting the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the frequency of said signal such that absorption of radiated power by an enveloping hand is automatically compensated by hand-capacitance effects which shift the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the frequency of said signal so that the radiated power is approximately the same and equal to said lower level whether the transmitter operates in free space or is clasped by a hand. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
- a fixed-frequency transmitter circuit mounted within said housing;
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17. A method of making a miniature hand-held radio-frequency transmitter comprising the steps of fabricating a fixed-frequency transmitter circuit and mounting it within a housing;
- placing battery means within said housing for powering said transmitter circuit;
placing switch means on the exterior of said housing which, when operated, controls operation of said transmitter circuit; and
placing an antenna within said housing arranged to be fed a signal from said transmitter circuit;
characterized by the step of deliberately detuning said antenna so that it is tuned to a frequency which is slightly different from the frequency of the signal fed thereto, such that the power radiated by the detuned antenna is at a level lower than the maximum power which would otherwise be radiated thereby, the clasping of said housing by a hand shifting the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the frequency of the signal fed thereto such that absorption of radiated power by an enveloping hand is automatically compensated by hand-capacitance effects which shift the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the frequency of said fed signal so that the radiated power is approximately the same and equal to said lower level whether the transmitter operates in free space or is clasped by a hand. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
- placing battery means within said housing for powering said transmitter circuit;
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30. A miniature hand-held radio-frequency transmitter comprising a housing;
- a fixed-frequency transmitter circuit mounted within said housing;
battery means within said housing for powering said transmitter circuit;
switch means on the exterior of said housing, when operated, for controlling operation of said transmitter circuit; and
an antenna;
characterized by means for feeding to said antenna a signal derived from said transmitter circuit whose frequency is slightly different from the center frequency to which said antenna is tuned such that the power radiated by the detuned antenna is at a level lower than the maximum power which would otherwise be radiated thereby, the clasping of said housing by a hand shifting the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the frequency of said derived signal such that absorption of radiated power by an enveloping hand is automatically compensated by hand-capacitance effects which shift the center frequency of the antenna characteristic toward the frequency of said derived signal so that the radiated power is approximately the same and equal to said lower level whether the transmitter operates in free space or is clasped by a hand. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
- a fixed-frequency transmitter circuit mounted within said housing;
Specification