Glucose sensor
First Claim
1. Apparatus implantable in a living body for sensing the concentration of glucose in biological fluids, comprisingan electrode for catalytically promoting electrochemical oxidation of glucose,a voltage source,means for applying a varying voltage from said source to said electrode to cause a current flow therethrough,means for integrating current at the electrode with respect to time, andcontrol means automatically operative without manual intervention to cause said voltage to sweep over a range in a first direction from a first limit to a second limit and in the reverse direction back toward said first limit, and to selectively activate said means for integrating during a period including at least a portion of said voltage sweep in both directions selected to produce a total charge sensitive to glucose concentration and relatively insensitive to other components in the fluid.
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Abstract
Glucose sensing apparatus for use in biological fluids comprising an electrode and a voltage source connected to the electrode to cause a current to flow therethrough, in which the voltage applied to the electrode is varied in a sweep ranging from a first limit to a second limit and back toward the first limit, and the current at the electrode is integrated with respect to time during at least a portion of the voltage variation selected to produce a total charge sensitive to glucose concentration and relatively insensitive to other components in the fluid; alternatively the current is measured at a point in a specific region of the voltage variation.
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Citations
16 Claims
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1. Apparatus implantable in a living body for sensing the concentration of glucose in biological fluids, comprising
an electrode for catalytically promoting electrochemical oxidation of glucose, a voltage source, means for applying a varying voltage from said source to said electrode to cause a current flow therethrough, means for integrating current at the electrode with respect to time, and control means automatically operative without manual intervention to cause said voltage to sweep over a range in a first direction from a first limit to a second limit and in the reverse direction back toward said first limit, and to selectively activate said means for integrating during a period including at least a portion of said voltage sweep in both directions selected to produce a total charge sensitive to glucose concentration and relatively insensitive to other components in the fluid.
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13. Apparatus for sensing the concentration of glucose in biological fluids comprising
an electrode for catalytically promoting electrochemical oxidation of glucose, a voltage source, means for applying a varying voltage from the source to said electrode to cause a current to flow therethrough, means for measuring current at said electrode, and control means automatically operative without manual intervention to cause said voltage to sweep over a range in a first direction from a first limit to a second limit and in the reverse direction back toward said first limit, and to selectively activate said means for measuring at at least one isolated point, between 0.2 volts and 0.6 volts during the anodic variation of the voltage sweep, selected to be sensitive to changes in levels of glucose concentration in said fluid but relatively insensitive to levels of other constituents of said fluid.
Specification