Apparatus for automatically boxing cylindrical goods

• US 4,355,492 A
• Filed: 03/14/1980
• Issued: 10/26/1982
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Angel E. Torrenteras, Antonio E. Torrenteras
• Original Assignee: Angel E. Torrenteras, Antonio E. Torrenteras
• Inventors: Torrenteras, Angel E., Torrenteras, Antonio E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Coan, James F.
• Application Number:
  US06/130,333
• Time in Patent Office: 956 Days
• Field of Search: 53/501, 53/500, 53/58, 53/236, 53/244, 53/251, 53/250, 53/564, 53/566, 53/574
• US Class Current: 53/58
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 19/34 Packaging other rod-shaped articles, e.g. sausages, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws, welding electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 35/12 by gravity
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 5/101 by gravity B65B5/12 and B65B5/108 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 59/001 Arrangements to enable adjustments related to the product to be packaged
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 59/04 Machines constructed with readily-detachable units or assemblies, e.g. to facilitate maintenance
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 65/08 Devices for counting or registering the number of articles handled, or the number of packages produced by the machine
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 5/3621 collapsed along two fold lines of the tubular body

Abstract

There is described an apparatus for automatically boxing cylindrical goods with the same size, with means for aligning said goods and move same by gravity to a filling station, as well as means for discharging the filled boxes. A suitable box is also described.

Claims

1. Apparatus for automatically boxing cylindrical goods, particularly a plurality of uniformly-dimensioned cylindrical rolls of coins fed by at least one machine producing such cylindrical goods, which apparatus comprises:

means to longitudinally align a plurality of individuals of said goods and to move them in said aligned condition in parallel with said axis;

means to change the movement direction of said goods and to align a plurality of them by gravity with the longitudinal axes thereof in parallel relationship and to move said goods at a right angle to said axes;

means to arrange one-by-one a plurality of empty prefabricated boxes on the goods path as said goods move by gravity at a right angle to the axes thereof;

means to immobilize, temporarily, each said box during the filling thereof;

means controlled by a counting mechanism driven by the passage of said goods, and so arranged as to release by gravity each respective, resultingly filled box and to operate said arranging and temporarily immobilizing means to replace the respective resultingly filled box by an empty box;

means to discharge the filled box;

said means for aligning the goods along the axis thereof and for moving same in aligned condition in parallel relationship therewith being comprised of an endless belt driven with a continuous motion, on the top side of which individuals of the goods from said machine are dumped one at a time, the lengthwise axis of said belt side lying in a horizontal plane and the belt side making an angle therewith, and a guide extending in parallel relationship with said lengthwise axis of the belt side adjacent the belt side edge lying underneath said horizontal plane, said guide projecting over a distance at least equal to the radius of said individuals of said goods, relative to the belt side and extending on either side of that location where the goods are dumped.

2. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, in which said means to change the movement direction of said goods comprise a hopper which extends at right angle to said top belt side on the same side as said guide adjacent said belt side, the hopper bottom used as rolling way for the goods which move thereon by gravity, lying substantially in the same plane as that plane passing through the top surface of said belt side, the hopper inlet lying at that guide end lying as considered along the movement direction of said belt side, upstream of that location where said goods are dumped on said side of the endless belt, the hopper outlet lying at a lower level than the hopper inlet, being comprised of an opening provided in the hopper bottom, the lengthwise axis of said opening lying in parallel relationship to the movement direction of said belt side, the dimensions of the hopper inlet, bottom and opening as considered in parallel relationship with said latter direction, being slightly larger than the dimension of the goods as considered in parallel relationship with the axis thereof, the opening size as considered at right angle to the movement direction of said belt side, being slightly larger than the diameter of said goods, the hopper being bounded along those bottom sides thereof extending at right angle to said belt side and along that opening edge in parallel relationship with said belt side at the lowermost level, by guides at right angle to said hopper bottom above the level thereof, a guide which extends cross-wise to said top belt side to lie in the path of the goods carried by said belt side, being further provided to force said goods to enter the hopper.

3. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, in which the means to arrange one at a time empty prefabricated boxes in the path of the goods as they move by gravity at right angle to the axes thereof, comprise an enclosure the size of which corresponds to the box size, bounded by a slanting plane in parallel relationship with the hopper bottom, two fixed guides at right angle to said slanting plane and in parallel relationship with the movement direction of said goods inside the hopper, and a retractable stop arranged between both said guides and projecting relative to said slanting plane at right angle thereto and to said guides, said slanting plane lying at a lower level than the hopper bottom and at a distance therefrom at least slightly larger than the box height, the height of said guides and retractable stop also being substantially equal to the box height, said retractable stop lying at such a distance from the opening provided in the hopper that a formed box arranged within said enclosure, with the bottom thereof bearing on the slanting plane and three side walls thereof bearing on said guides and retractable stop, has the opening thereof in that box zone lying at the uppermost level, facing the hopper opening in such a way that goods passing through said latter opening fall by gravity into said box, said means further comprising a prefabricated box magazine arranged outside said enclosure and communicating therewith, said magazine being arranged adjacent the one said guides and being so designed that the boxes be stocked in folded condition and in such a way that those components comprising the side walls of the boxes lie substantially at right angle to said slanting plane, means being provided to cause the boxes to pass one at a time from the magazine inside said enclosure and so arranged as to insure forming thereof during the transfer, as well as means to operate said retractable stop to retract same below the slanting plane to allow discharging a filled box by gravity.

4. Apparatus as defined in claim 2, which further comprises a movable stop so arranged inside the hopper as to lie in two end positions, the one position where said stop projects relative to the hopper bottom to stop an object moving by gravity therein, and a second position in which said stop is retracted to a lower level than said bottom, to release said object, said stop extending in parallel relationship with said belt side, at a distance from the hopper inlet which is slightly larger than the diameter of the goods, and means to move along a direction substantially at right angle to the hopper bottom, the stop between both said end positions thereof.

5. Apparatus as defined in claim 4, in which said movable stop extends cross-wise to the movement direction of said goods, over a substantial portion of said hopper from the hopper guide at right angle to said belt side and farthest away from that location where the goods are dumped on said endless belt.

6. Apparatus as defined in claim 4, in which said means for moving the movable stop are comprised of an electro-magnet fastened underneath the hopper and the core of which is associated with the stop, and a switch the operating member of which projects relative to the hopper bottom, said switch being arranged between the hopper inlet and the movable stop, adjacent the hopper guide at right angle to said belt side which is nearest that location where the goods are dumped on the endless belt, at a distance which is substantially equal to half the spacing between the hopper inlet and the movable stop, the circuit of the switch and electro-magnet being moreover so arranged as to energize said electro-magnet to bring said stop to said second position when an object fed to the hopper contacts with a generatrix thereof said movable stop and bears on the operating member of said switch.

7. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, in which the means to cause the boxes to pass one at a time from the magazine into said enclosure, comprise a space bounded adjacent the one enclosure angle, by the end of that enclosure guide comprising a magazine component and lying at the uppermost level, and by the side surface of a straight cylindrical body rotatable about a shaft with an axis at right angle to said slanting plane, the spacing between said end and said side surface being substantially equal to the thickness of a box in folded condition, the face of said fixed stop of the magazine extending substantially tangentially to said side surface, the cylindrical body circumference being at least equal to the box length in folded condition in such a way that a revolution of said cylindrical body about the axis thereof causes a box to pass from the magazine into the enclosure, that angle formed by the fixed stop face the boxes bear on and the enclosure guide face facing the magazine being larger than 90°

and smaller than 180°

according to the box size.

8. Apparatus as defined in claim 7, which further comprises a motor for rotating said cylindrical body, the motor circuit being so arranged that the supply thereto be cut-out when said cylindrical body has made a complete revolution about the axis thereof, the motor energizing being controlled from said counting device operated by said switch and so adjusted as to trigger said energizing when the predetermined number of goods contained inside a box has run down said hopper.

9. Apparatus as defined in claim 8, in which the means to retract the retractable stop from the enclosure to allow discharging a filled box, are comprised of an electro-magnet fastened underneath said slanting plane and the core of which is associated with said stop, the electro-magnet circuit being so arranged that said electromagnet be energized as said motor from said counting device, to retract said stop, the circuit of that motor driving said cylindrical body having such a time delay that the motor will not be energized before that moment where the stop has been retracted and the box will have started to go down on said slanting plane.

10. Apparatus as defined in claim 7, in which said cylindrical body has on part of the circumference thereof, a layer of anti-skid material projecting on said body, said material layer having an extension substantially equal to a box length in folded condition.

11. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, in which the means to discharge the filled boxes are comprised of an extension of said slanting plane and guides comprising said enclosure and extending away from said hopper, and an endless belt to be driven continuously, the top side thereof being horizontal and arranged at the bottom of said slanting plane.

12. Apparatus as defined in claim 11, which further comprises in parallel relationship a plurality of units formed by a hopper, an enclosure and a magazine and said means associated therewith, said units being arranged between both said endless belts and a number of machines being provided which is equal to the number of said units, each machine dumping the goods on the top endless belt upstream of the hopper in the considered unit, means being provided on said slanting plane and between the enclosure and lower endless belt in each unit, downstream of the first unit as considered along the movement direction of said lower endless belt, to retain a filled box on the slanting plane in that case where the movement thereof towards the lower endless belt would hamper the movement of another box moving thereon.

13. Apparatus as defined in claim 12, in which the means provided on said slanting plane are comprised of a retractable stop received between both said guides, said stop being controlled by an electro-magnet to project relative to said slanting plane to stop a box running down thereon, the circuity of the apparatus being so designed that said electro-magnet be energized to have the stop project relative to the slanting plane when during a predetermined time delay, those electro-magnets driving the retractable stops for discharging filled boxes from said enclosures in those units lying upstream of the considered unit along the movement direction of the endless belt for discharging said filled boxes, have been energized to retract said retractable stops.

14. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, in which said magazine is comprised of a holder for said boxes that surface of which said boxes bear on, lies in the same plane as the top surface of said slanting plane, the one fixed guide of the enclosure, a fixed stop extending at right angle to said plane and a movable guide extending in parallel relationship with said fixed stop, said guides and stop lying above said plane and extending cross-wise to the guide of said enclosure, means being provided to bias said movable guide towards the fixed stop.

15. Apparatus for automatically boxing cylindrical goods, particularly a plurality of uniformly-dimensioned cylindrical rolls of coins fed by at least one machine producing such cylindrical goods, which apparatus comprises:

means to longitudinally align a plurality of individuals of said goods and to move them in said aligned condition, in parallel with said axis;

means to change the movement direction of said goods and to align a plurality of them by gravity with the longitudinal axes thereof in parallel relationship and to move said goods at a right angle to said axes;

means to arrange one-by-one a plurality of empty prefabricated boxes on the goods path as said goods move by gravity at a right angle to the axes thereof;

means to immobilize, temporarily, each said box during the filling thereof;

means controlled by a counting mechanism driven by the passage of said goods, and so arranged as to release by gravity each respective, resultingly filled box and to operate said arranging and temporarily immobilizing means to replace the respective resultingly filled box by an empty box;

means to discharge the filled box;

said means to change the movement direction of the goods and to align same by gravity in such a way that the axes thereof lie in parallel relationship being adjustable according to the size of said goods as considered in parallel relationship with the axis thereof, said means for immobilizing temporarily a box also being adjustable to receive one-by-one boxes size of which vary according to said dimension and diameter of the goods.

16. Apparatus as defined in claim 15, in which said means to change the movement direction of the goods comprise a hopper extending at right angle to said top side of the endless belt, on the same side as said guide and adjacent to said belt side, the hopper bottom used as rolling way for the goods moving thereon by gravity, lying substantially in the same plane as the plane passing through the top surface of said belt side, the hopper inlet lying at that guide end located when considering the movement direction of said belt side, upstream of that location where the goods are dumped on said side of the endless belt, the hopper outlet lying at a lower level than the hopper inlet, being comprised of an opening provided in said hopper bottom with the lengthwise axis thereof in parallel relationship with the movement direction of said belt side, said hopper being bounded along those bottom sides thereof extending at right angle to said belt side and along that opening edge in parallel relationship with said belt side lying at the lowermost level, by three guides extending at right angle to the hopper bottom above the level thereof, a first fixed guide at right angle to said belt side and extending from said guide end cooperating with said belt side at least down to that opening edge lying at the lowermost level, a second movable guide in parallel relationship with said first guide and so arranged as to be movable in parallel relationship with itself to adapt the spacing between said first and second guides according to the dimension of said goods as considered in parallel relationship with the axis thereof, said spacing being larger than said dimension and smaller than a diagonal of the projection of the goods on a plane in parallel relationship with the axis thereof, said second guide having the end thereof nearest said belt side lying at a distance from the edge of said belt side which lies below said horizontal plane and extending at least down to that opening edge lying at the lowermost level, and a third guide extending between said first and second guides, said third guide being movable in parallel relationship with said belt side to bound said opening edge lying at the lowermost level according to the diameter of said goods, the spacing between said third guide and that opening edge in parallel relationship therewith being larger than the diameter of said goods.

17. Apparatus as defined in claim 16, in which the means for arranging empty prefabricated boxes in the path of the goods as they move by gravity at right angle to the axes thereof, comprise an enclosure the size of which corresponds to the size of that open box provided to receive at least one row of goods lying in parallel relationship with the lengthwise axis of said belt side, bounded by a slanting plane in parallel relationship with the hopper bottom and lying at a lower level than said bottom at a distance therefrom at least slightly larger than the box height, a first fixed guide at right angle to said slanting plane and in parallel relationship with the movement direction of the goods inside the hopper, a second movable guide the position of which is adjustable according to the dimension of the goods as considered in parallel relationship with the axis thereof and the corrresponding box dimension, said second stop lying in parallel relationship with said first fixed guide, and a retractable stop arranged between both guides and projecting relative to said slanting plane at right angle thereto and to said guides, the position of said retractable stop being adjustable, said retractable stop being so arranged as to be movable in parallel relationship with itself according to that box dimension as considered in parallel relationship with the movement direction of the goods inside the hopper and in such a way that said stop contacts said movable guide whatever be the position thereof, means being provided to move said retractable stop to adjust the position thereof to locate same at such a distance from the opening provided in the hopper that a formed box lying inside said enclosure with the bottom thereof bearing on said slanting plane and with three side walls thereof bearing on said fixed and movable guides and said retractable stop, has the opening thereof in that box zone lying at the uppermost level, facing the hopper opening in such a way that the goods passing through said latter opening fall by gravity into said box, said means further comprising a magazine for prefabricated boxes arranged outside said enclosure and communicating therewith, said magazine being arranged adjacent said fixed guide and so designed that the boxes be stocked in folded condition and in such a way that those portions comprising the box side walls lie substantially at right angle to said slanting plane, means being provided to cause the boxes to pass one at a time from the magazine inside the enclosure while insuring that formation thereof during the transfer, as well as means to operate said retractable stop to retract same below the slanting plane to allow discharging a filled box by gravity.

18. Apparatus as defined in claim 17, in which said magazine is comprised of a holder for said boxes that surface of which the boxes bear on lying in the same plane as the top surface of said slanting plane, a fixed stop extending at right angle to said plane against which bear the boxes, a fixed guide at right angle to said fixed stop to retain the boxes in alignment, and a movable guide extending in parallel relationship with the fixed stop, said stop and guides lying above said plane, and means being provided to bias the movable guide towards the fixed stop.

19. Apparatus as defined in claim 16, which further comprises two parallel movable stops so arranged inside the hopper as to lie each in two end positions, the one position where said stops project relative to the hopper bottom to stop the goods moving by gravity inside said hopper, and a second position in which said stops are retracted to a lower level than said bottom to release said goods, both said stops extending in parallel relationship with said belt side between the hopper inlet and said inlet being slightly larger than the largest diameter of the goods to be boxed by the apparatus, while said second stop lies at a distance from the first stop corresponding to a multiple of said largest diameter, said multiple being smaller than or equal to the number of goods to be fitted inside each box, means being provided to move along a direction substantially at right angle to the hopper bottom and independently from one another, said stops between both end positions thereof.

20. Apparatus as defined in claim 19, in which said movable stops extend over a substantial portion of said hopper from the movable hopper guide at right angle to said belt side, said guide having openings to let said stops through to let said stops extend on either side of said guide in such a way that when said guide is moved farthest away from the fixed guide, said stops close-off said openings.

21. Apparatus as defined in claim 18, in which the means to cause the boxes to pass one at a time from the magazine into the enclosure, comprise a space bounded adjacent the one enclosure angle, by the end of the fixed enclosure guide lying at the uppermost level, the end of the fixed magazine guide arranged adjacent to said end of the enclosure guide and the side surface of a straight cylindrical body which is rotatable about a shaft with an axis at right angle to said slanting plane, the spacing between the ends of the fixed enclosure guide and fixed magazine guide, and said said side surface being slightly larger than the thickness of a box in folded condition, the face of the fixed magazine stop extending substantially tangentially to said side surface and that plane passing through said face intersecting the movable enclosure guide at a slightly higher level than the intersection of said movable guide and retractable movable stop when said stop lies in the position thereof nearest the hopper opening.

22. Apparatus as defined in claim 21, which further comprises a reducing-gear motor to rotate said cylindrical body about the axis thereof, the circuit of said motor being so arranged as to control the energizing thereof by a counting device driven by that switch the operating member of which lies at the hopper inlet and adjusted to trigger said energizing when the predetermined number of goods contained inside a box has run down the hopper, said motor circuit being cut-out by a switch the operating member of which lies inside said enclosure and is fastened to the movable guide below the hopper opening to be operated by the corresponding box side wall when said box is formed.

23. Apparatus as defined in claim 22, in which the means to retract said retractable stop from the enclosure to allow discharging a filled box, are comprised of an electro-magnet fastened to a device arranged underneath said slanting plane and the core of which is associated with said stop, the electro-magnet being so arranged as to be energized from said counting device to retract said stop below said slanting plane, the circuit of that motor driving said cylindrical body comprising such a time delay that the motor will only be energized at the moment where the stop will again lie in the position thereof where the stop projects relative to said slanting plane after having been retracted to let a full box leave the enclosure.

24. Apparatus as defined in claim 17, in which the movable hopper guide and the movable enclosure guide lie in the extension of anoe another and are made of a single part, said part having opposite the enclosure, a flange bearing on said slanting plane, said flange having at least two parallel opening rows aligned in parallel relationship with the lengthwise axis of said belt side and each opening cooperating with a lug fastened to the slanting plane, the spacings between corresponding openings in the guide rows being equal and a function of the size of the goods to be boxed as considered in parallel relationship with the axis thereof, means being provided to immobilize said flange in the selected position thereof relative to said slanting plane.

25. Apparatus as defined in claim 24, in which said third movable guide arranged inside the hopper is comprised of a removable bracket fastened to two blocks fastened to said parallel fixed and movable hopper guides, the size of the bracket used as considered in parallel relationship with said fixed and movable guides, being a function of the diameter of the goods to be boxed and being such that the spacing between the face thereof at right angle to the hopper bottom nearest said belt side and that opening edge in parallel relationship therewith is slightly larger than the diameter of said goods.

26. Apparatus as defined in claim 17, in which the hopper bottom overhangs said enclosure over a distance as considered in parallel relationship with the movement direction of the goods inside the hopper, which is smaller that the largest radius of the goods to be boxed.

27. Apparatus as defined in claim 24, in which said means to move said enclosure rectractable stop in parallel relationship with itself are comprised of two fixed shafts in parallel relationship with one another, with said retractable stop and with said slanting plane, said shafts being arranged underneath said slanting plane on either side of said stop, two parallel shafts at right angle to said fixed shafts on either side of said stop and each bearing at both ends thereof, bearings which are slidable on the fixed shafts along a direction in parallel relationship therewith, said device comprising a plate for supporting the retractable stop electro-magnet, which plate extends between both latter shafts and having at the ends thereof, bearings cooperating with said shafts to let said plate slide along a direction in parallel relationship with said shafts, and a control lever mounted on said supporting plate, the enclosure bottom having parallel openings to let said stop through, the number of openings corresponding to the number of openings provided in each opening row of said movable guide flange and the location of which corresponds to the dimension of the boxes as considered at right angle to said belt side, which can contain goods with a length and a diameter determined respectively by the position of the movable hopper guide and the movable enclosure guide and by the size of the hopper opening as considered in parallel relationship with the movement direction of the goods therein, notches being provided in said slanting plane to bring the control lever to predetermined positions, the number of notches corresponding to said number of openings, each position corresponding to a predetermined length and diameter of the goods to be boxed, means also being provided to energize and hold energized said electro-magnet to retract said stop below said slanting plane while the position of said retractable stop is changed.

28. Apparatus as defined in claim 19, in which that end of said second guide nearest the belt side lies between said belt side and that hopper movable stop nearest said belt side, the spacing between said end and said stop being shorter than the smallest radius of the goods to be boxed by the apparatus.

29. Apparatus as defined in claim 19, in which the means to move each one of both said movable stops are comprised of an electro-magnet fastened underneath said hopper and the core of which is associated with the corresponding stop, and a switch the operating member of which projects relative to the hopper bottom, said operating member being arranged between the hopper inlet and that movable stop nearest thereto, adjacent the hopper fixed guide and at such a distance from the stop that an object bearing on the stop will bear on the switch operating member, the circuit of the switch and the electro-magnet for the first stop nearest the hopper inlet being so arranged as to energize said electro-magnet to bring said stop to said second position when an object fed to the hopper contacts with a generatrix thereof said stop and bears on the operating member of said switch, while the circuit of the electro-magnet for the second stop is so arranged as to energize said electro-magnet to bring the stop to said second position, through a counting device for a predetermined number of goods which is pulsed by said switch.