Apparatus for producing a single side band

• US 4,358,765 A
• Filed: 08/16/1979
• Issued: 11/09/1982
• Est. Priority Date: 08/25/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Stiftelsen Institutet For Mikrovagsteknik Vid Tekniska Hogskolan I Stockholm
• Original Assignee: Stiftelsen Institutet For Mikrovagsteknik Vid Tekniska Hogskolan I Stockholm
• Inventors: Henoch, Bengt, Berglind, Eilert
• Primary Examiner(s): Tubbesing, T. H.
• Application Number:
  US06/067,124
• Time in Patent Office: 1,181 Days
• Field of Search: 343/6.5 SS, 343/18 D
• US Class Current: 342/51
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/78 discriminating between different kinds of targets, e.g. IFF-radar, i.e. identification of friend or foe G01S13/75, G01S13/79 take precedence

Abstract

An apparatus for producing a single side band at systems where a signal of a certain frequency is received, frequency-shifted and reflected. The apparatus comprises a modulator (b 26), which includes only one diode (44). To the diode are applied a series of different voltage levels generated in a commutator circuit (41), which voltage levels are at least three in number. A tuning circuit (45) is provided between the diode and an aerial (25). The tuning circuit (45) is adjusted to act upon the amplitude and phase variations occurring at the diode (44) at the different voltage levels applied, so that the reflection coefficients of the diode (44) and the characteristics of the tuning circuit (45) together satisfy the condition for a single side band to be formed and transmitted from the aerial (25).

Claims

1. An apparatus for producing a single side band at systems where a signal of a certain frequency f_o is received, frequency-shifted and retransmitted, characterized in that the apparatus comprises only one diode (44), in which the signal received with the frequency f_o is intended to be reflected, and a commutator circuit (41) capable in repeated sequences to apply on the diode a series of different voltage levels generated in the commutator circuit, which voltage levels are at least three in number, and that a tuning circuit (45) is located between the diode (44) and an aerial (25) for transmitting and preferably also receiving the signal f_o, which tuning circuit (45) is capable to act upon the amplitude and phase variations occurring at the different voltage levels applied at the diode (44), so that the reflection coefficients γ

_i and the characteristics of the tuning circuit satisfy the condition for a single side band to occur, preferably the below condition, which applies to a single side band of the first order and a number N of voltage levels of equal duration ##EQU5## where V_i is a voltage reflected by the diode, V_in is a voltage incoming to the diode, and S₂₂ is a non-dimensional factor expressing the impedance of the tuning circuit (45) and the aerial (25) at the diode.

2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the diode (44) is a varactor diode.

3. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a computer (40) is provided to emit signals comprising a frequency k to the commutator circuit (41), so that said circuit changes the voltage level at a speed corresponding to the frequency k, whereby a single side band f_o +k, alternatively f_o -k, occurs.

4. An apparatus for producing a single side band in systems where a signal of a certain frequency f_o is received, frequency-shifted and retransmitted, characterized in that the apparatus comprises only one diode (44), in which the signal received with the frequency f_o is intended to be reflected, and a commutator circuit (41) capable in repeated sequences of applying to the diode a series of four voltage levels generated in the commutator circuit, and that a tuning circuit (45) is located between the diode (44) and an aerial (25) for transmitting and preferably also receiving the signal f_o, which tuning circuit (45) is capable of acting upon the amplitude and phase variations occurring at the different voltage levels applied at the diode (44), so that the reflection coefficients γ

_i and the characteristics of the tuning circuit satisfy the condition for a single side band to occur, preferably the below condition, which applies to a single side band of the first order and a number N of voltage levels of equal duration ##EQU6## where N is equal to 4, V_i is a voltage reflected by the diode, V_in is a voltage incoming to the diode, and S₂₂ is a non-dimensional factor expressing the impedance of the tuning circuit (45) and the aerial (25) at the diode, the first and fourth ones of said four voltages levels being of different magnitudes, and the magnitudes of the second and third ones of said four voltage levels being equal to each other, but different from the magnitudes of the first and fourth ones of said four voltage levels.

5. An apparatus for producing a single side band in systems where a signal of a certain frequency f_o is received, frequency-shifted and retransmitted, characterized in that the apparatus comprises only one diode (44), in which the signal received with the frequency f_o is intended to be reflected, and a commutator circuit (41) capable in repeated sequences of applying to the diode four different voltage levels generated in the commutator circuit, and that a tuning circuit (45) is located between the diode (44) and an aerial (25) for transmitting and preferably also receiving the signal f_o, which tuning circuit (45) is capable of acting upon the amplitude and phase variations occurring at the different voltage levels applied at the diode (44), so that the reflection coefficients γ

_i and the characteristics of the tuning circuit satisfy the condition for a single side band to occur, preferably the below condition, which applies to a single side band of the first order and a number N of voltage levels of equal duration ##EQU7## where V_i is a voltage reflected by the diode, V_in is a voltage incoming to the diode, and S₂₂ is a non-dimensional factor expressing the impedance of the tuning circuit (45) and the aerial (25) at the diode.

6. An apparatus for producing a single side band in systems where a signal of a certain frequency f_o is received, frequency-shifted and retransmitted, characterized in that the apparatus comprises only one diode (44), in which the signal received with the frequency f_o is intended to be reflected, and a computer circuit (41) capable in repeated sequences of applying to the diode three voltage levels generated in the commutator circuit, and that a tuning circuit (45) is located between the diode (44) and an aerial (25) for transmitting and preferably also receiving the signal f_o, which tuning circuit (45) is capable of acting upon the amplitude and phase variations occuring at the different voltage levels applied at the diode (44), so that the reflection coefficients γ

_i and the characteristics of the tuning circuit satisfy the condition for a single side band to occur, preferably the below condition, which applies to a single side band of the first order and a number N of voltage levels of equal duration ##EQU8## where V_i is a voltage reflected by diode, V_in is a voltage incoming to the diode, and S₂₂ is a non-dimensional factor expressing the impedance of the tuning circuit (45) and the earial (25) at the diode.

7. A radio communication apparatus for receiving an electromagnetic signal of at least one frequency (f_o) and comprising a frequency translating modulator (26) having a single diode (44) connected to reflect the received electromagnetic signal, circuit means (41) connected to said modulator for supplying a modulating signal to said diode for biasing said diode, said modulating signal being in the form of a repetitive, stepped d.c. voltage having at least three different d.c. voltage levels which are successively applied to said diode to shift the phase of and thus shift the frequency of the signal reflected by said diode, a signal transmitting aerial (25), and a tuning circuit (45) connected intermediate said diode and said aerial for feeding the reflected signal to said aerial, said tuning circuit acting on the phase and amplitude of the reflected signal to eliminate unwanted frequencies from the reflected signal.

8. A radio communication apparatus for receiving an electromagnetic signal of at least one frequency (f_o) and comprising a frequency translating modulator (26) having a single diode (44) connected to reflect the received electromagnetic signal, circuit means (41) connected to said modulator for supplying a modulating signal to said diode for biasing said diode, said modulating signal being in the form of a repetitive, stepped d.c. voltage having at least three different d.c. voltage levels which are successively applied to said diode to shift the phase of and thus shift the frequency of the signal reflected by said diode, a signal transmitting aerial (25), and a tuning circuit (45) connected intermediate said diode and said aerial for feeding the reflected signal to said aerial, the combination of said tuning circuit and said aerial having a dimensionless impedance factor (S₂₂) which is a pre-selected function of the reflection coefficient of said diode at each of said d.c. voltage levels to provide for the elimination of unwanted frequencies from the reflected signal.