Stable gel electrode

• US 4,362,165 A
• Filed: 01/08/1980
• Issued: 12/07/1982
• Est. Priority Date: 01/08/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: IPCO Corporation
• Original Assignee: IPCO Corporation
• Inventors: Lowe, Daniel, Carmon, Amiram, Osipow, Lloyd, Claffey, Kevin
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Application Number:
  US06/110,449
• Time in Patent Office: 1,064 Days
• Field of Search: 128/639-641, 128/644, 128/803
• US Class Current: 600/396
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0215 Silver or silver chloride containing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/242 Packaging, i.e. for packaging the sensor or apparatus before use
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/25 Bioelectric electrodes therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/257 using adhesive means, e.g. adhesive pads or tapes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/265 containing silver or silver chloride
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/266 containing electrolytes, conductive gels or pastes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/048 Electrodes characterised by a specific connection between lead and electrode
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0492 Patch electrodes A61N1/0412, A61N1/0428 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0496 characterised by using specific chemical compositions, e.g. hydrogel compositions, adhesives

Abstract

A disposable electrode comprising an annulus of foam, a substantially uniform electrode gel in a central region of the annulus, a conductive layer in the electrode gel and making electrical contact with it, and a cap over the conductive layer, electrode gel and annulus of foam. The electrode is made in a plastic tray by placing said annulus in a recess in the tray, placing the conductive layer on the annulus, pouring hot electrode gel into the center region of the annulus, covering the gel with the cap and covering the tray with a sheet whcih is heat sealed to the tray with the electrode inside.

Claims

1. A disposable electrode comprising:

a plastic member with an aperture in a central region thereof,

a firm, substantially uniform electrode gel in said aperture, said gel having cohesive and adhesive properties and comprising;

water,

a first polymer in weight percentage of at least 0.5 percent that has been dissolved, dispersed or hydrated in said water when said water is at an elevated temperature and that forms or can be made to form a rigid gel upon cooling,

a second polymer in weight percentage of at least 2.0 percent that is insoluble in hot water, that dissolves or hydrates on cooling, that is compatible with said first polymer and that has been combined with said first polymer and water when said first polymer is dissolved, dispersed or hydrated in said water,

a conductive layer, one portion of which is in the electrode gel making electrical contact with it and a second portion of which extends out of said gel, and

a cap covering said aperture on one side of said plastic member.

4. The electrode of any one of claims 1 through 3 wherein said gel further comprises an electrolyte.

5. The electrode of claims 1 or 2 wherein said plastic member is made of foam.

6. The electrode of claims 1 or 2 wherein said conductive layer is a metal coated strip of plastic or another metal.

7. The electrode of any one of claims 1 through 3 wherein said cap is a plastic sheet.

2. A disposable electrode comprising:

a plastic member with an aperture in a central region thereof,

a substantially uniform electrode gel in said aperture, said gel comprising water in weight percentage of at least 50%, carrageenan in weight percentage of about 0.5 to 5.0% and a non-ionic cellulose derivative compatible with carrageenan in weight percentage of about 2% to 20%, said cellulose derivative having been combined with said carrageenan while said carrageenan is dissolved in said water,

a conductive layer, one portion of which is in the electrode gel making electrical contact with it and a second portion of which extends out of said gel, and

a cap covering said aperture on one side of said plastic member.

3. A disposable electrode comprising:

a plastic frame with an aperture in a central region thereof, said frame serving as a reinforcing frame to support an electrode gel;

a firm, substantially uniform electrode gel in said aperture surrounded by said frame, said electrode gel having cohesive and adhesive properties and comprising;

a hot water soluble polymer in weight percentage of at least 0.5 percent that forms or can be made to form a rigid gel on cooling,

a hot water insoluble polymer in weight percentage of at least 2.0 percent that hydrates on cooling and is compatible with said hot water soluble polymer, and

water, said polymers having been combined in hot water;

an electrical conductor, one portion of which is imbedded in the electrode gel and makes electrical contact with it and a second portion of which extends out of said gel, and

a cap covering said electrode gel.

8. The electrode of claim 3 wherein said electrical conductor is a metal coated strip of plastic or another metal.

9. The electrode of claim 3 wherein said plastic frame is made of foam.