Analog signal scrambling system

• US 4,379,205 A
• Filed: 06/22/1979
• Issued: 04/05/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 06/22/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Wyner, Aaron D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cangialosi, Sal
• Application Number:
  US06/051,107
• Time in Patent Office: 1,383 Days
• Field of Search: 179/1.5 R, 179/1.5 S, 178/22, 178/22.10, 370/21
• US Class Current: 380/28
• CPC Class Codes: H04K 1/00 Secret communication

Abstract

A speech scrambling system using discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficients (PC). The problem is to provide high fidelity and high security in a scrambling system while limiting the bandwidth of the scrambled signal to the bandwidth of the original speech signal. The disclosed system uses PC to solve this problem. The analog speech signal is digitally sampled (100), converted to PC (203, 204, 205), scrambled (208, 209), and converted to scrambled samples (211, 212, 213). The scrambled samples are transmitted using pulse amplitude modulation (102) in the same bandwidth as the original signal. At the receiving end, the inverse steps are performed to recover the original speech. The scrambling is periodically modified (220, 320) to improve security.

Claims

1. Scrambling apparatus for converting digital samples of an analog signal having a prescribed bandwidth into a scrambled analog signal for application to a channel having a bandwidth no greater than that needed for the original signal, comprising:

means for forming a first vector α

of discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals from said digital samples of said analog signal,

means responsive to said signals formed by said first means for rearranging said first vector of signals into a scrambled vector β

of discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals,

means responsive to said output rearranging means for reforming said scrambled vector of discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals to output scrambled digital signal samples (B_n) for transmission, and

means for applying said output scrambled digital signal samples as an analog signal to said channel.

2. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means for forming said first vector of coefficient signals from said digital samples, comprises:

means for storing a "Q" matrix of signals, and

means for multiplying said digital samples of said analog signal with the contents of said "Q" matrix storing means, said "Q" matrix having columns which are eigenvectors corresponding to the approximately nonzero eigenvalues of a matrix, any element (m, n) of which satisfies the relationship ##EQU4## for n≠

m, where W is the quotient formed by dividing the highest frequency present in the original analog signal by the rate at which the analog signal is sampled.

3. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means for rearranging said first vector of signals into said scrambled vector of signals (β

) comprises

means for storing a Hadamard matrix of signals, accumulator register means, and means coupling said first matrix of signals and

said Hadamard matrix storing means to said accumulator register means.

4. Apparatus of claim 3, further comprising means coupled to said Hadamard matrix storing means for periodically modifying said Hadamard matrix.

5. Apparatus of claim 2 wherein said means for reforming said scrambled matrix of coefficient signals, comprises:

means for storing an inverse "Q" matrix of signals, and

means for multiplying said scrambled matrix of coefficient signals by the contents of said inverse "Q" matrix storing means.

6. Descrambling apparatus for converting digital samples of a scrambled analog signal received over a channel into a descrambled analog signal comprising:

means for forming a preliminary vector (β

) of scrambled discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals from said digital samples of said scrambled analog signal,

means for rearranging said preliminary vector of signals into a further vector α

of descrambled discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals,

means for reforming said further vector of descrambled coefficient signals to output descrambled digital signal samples (A_n), and

means for converting said descrambled samples to an analog signal.

7. Signal scrambling the method for converting digital samples of an analog signal having a prescribed bandwidth into a scrambled signal capable of being transmitted without substantial distortion over a channel having a bandwidth no greater than that of the original signal, comprising the steps of:

forming a first vector α

of discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals from said digital samples of said analog signal,

rearranging said first vector of signals into a scrambled vector β

of discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals,

reforming said scrambled vector of discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals to output scrambled digital signal samples (B_n) for transmission, and

applying said scrambled digital signal samples as an analog signal to said channel.

8. Signal descrambling method of converting digital samples of a scrambled analog signal into a descrambled analog signal comprising:

forming a preliminary vector (β

) of scrambled discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals from said digital samples of said scrambled analog signal, rearranging said preliminary vector of signals into a further vector α

of descrambled discrete prolate spheroidal sequence coefficient signals,

reforming said further vector of descrambled coefficient signals to output descrambled digital signal samples (A_n), and

converting said descrambled samples to an analog signal.