Automatic floor cleaning machine

• US 4,380,844 A
• Filed: 09/12/1980
• Issued: 04/26/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 09/12/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Tennant Trend, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Wetrok Incorporated
• Inventors: Corneil, Dennis J., Waldhauser, Steven A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Moore, Chris K.
• Application Number:
  US06/186,420
• Time in Patent Office: 956 Days
• Field of Search: 15/320, 15/319, 15/353, 15/359, 15/349
• US Class Current: 15/320
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/30 by suction
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/40 Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4002 Installations of electric equipment
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4011 Regulation of the cleaning machine by electric means; Control systems and remote control systems therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4016 specially adapted for collecting fluids
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4044 Vacuuming or pick-up tools; Squeegees
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4061 Steering means; Means for avoiding obstacles; Details related to the place where the driver is accommodated
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4066 Propulsion of the whole machine
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4069 Driving or transmission means for the cleaning tools
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4075 Handles; levers
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 11/4083 Liquid supply reservoirs; Preparation of the agents, e.g. mixing devices

Abstract

An automatic floor cleaning machine includes a unitary, self-contained and propelled, power driven body mounting from front to rear in a normal cleaning direction of travel: a propulsion mechanism including drive wheels and guide wheels for dry tracking on the floor surface to be cleaned, a scrubber mechanism including a pair of rearwardly disposed, vertically articulated counter-rotating magnetically and floatably mounted brushes for wetting and cleaning such floor surface, a vacuum mechanism including a vertically and horizontally articulated quick-detachable squeegee for drying of and proper tracking on the cleaned surface, and a combined mechanical and electrical control system operatively associated with each of such propulsion, scrubber, and vacuum mechanisms, for convenient actuation by a walk-behind operator to control actuation of such machine. Preferably, a sweeper mechanism is mounted on the body forwardly of the propulsion mechanism and operatively associated with such control system for advance sweeping of a debris-laden floor surface.

Claims

1. An automatic, self contained and self propelled walk behind floor cleaning machine comprising a unitary, power driven body means having mounted thereon

a propulsion means for supporting said body means and for dry tracking on the floor surface to be cleaned,

scrubber means for wetting and cleaning the surface, said scrubber means including vertically movable brush means carried in cantilever fashion on said body means behind said propulsion means, and

vacuum means for drying of the cleaned surface, said vacuum means including articulated squeegee means carried in cantilevered fashion on said body means behind said brush means for proper tracking, said squeegee means being capable of vertical movement independent of said brush means;

and

control means operatively associated with said propulsion means, said scrubber means and said vacuum means for controlling actuation of said machine, said control means including controls located to the rear of the body means and engagable by a walk behind operator.

2. The machine of claim 1 wherein said controls include a control handle operatively associated with said propulsion means, the control handle being movable about a generally transversely extending axis for controlling starting, stopping, speed and direction of travel, said control handle also being movable about a generally fore-and-aft extending aixs for controlling turning in either direction of travel, said control handle being to the rear of the body means at a location above and to the rear of the squeegee means.

3. The machine of claim 1 wherein said control means operatively associated with said scrubber means is capable of controlling detergent dispensing, driving of said brush means, and for vertical movement of said brush means for control of floor scrubbing pressure.

4. The machine of claim 1 including sweeper means mounted on said body means forwardly of said propulsion means in said normal cleaning direction of travel for advance sweeping of a debris-laden floor surface, and wherein said control means are operatively associated with said sweeper means for controlling actuation thereof.

40. The machine of claim 1 or 3 wherein said control means operatively associated with said vacuum means is capable of moving the squeegee means between raised and lowered positions independently of said brush means.

5. An automatic, self contained and self propelled floor cleaning machine comprising a unitary, power driven body means having mounted thereon a propulsion means for supporting said body means and for dry tracking on the floor surface to be cleaned, scrubber means for wetting and cleaning the surface, said scrubber means including vertically movable brush means carried in cantilever fashion on said body means behind said propulsion means, and vacuum means for drying of the cleaned surface, said vacuum means including articulated squeegee means carried in cantilever fashion on said body means behind said brush means for proper tracking, said squeegee means being capable of vertical movement independently of said brush means;

and control means operatively associated with said propulsion means, said scrubber means and said vacuum means for controlling actuation of said mechanism;

wherein said body means include compartment means and rearwardly extending control housing means;

said propulsion means include motor driven wheel means mounted below said compartment means;

said scrubber means include detergent tank means in said compartment means, the brush means being motor driven and mounted below said compartment means behind said wheel means, and detergent dispensing means operatively associated with said detergent tank means and brush means;

said vacuum means include dirty liquid tank means in said compartment means, motor driven fan means operatively associated with said dirty liquid tank means, articulated arm means carrying said squeegee means and mounted below said compartment means behind said brush means, and conduit means operatively associated with said squeegee means and fan means; and

said control means include power source means in said compartment means and control circuit means operatively associated with said power source means, control housing means, wheel means, brush means and fan means.

6. The machine of claim 5 wherein said compartment means include upwardly and rearwardly stepped front and rear compartments, with said front compartment partially overlapping said rear compartment;

said motor driven wheel means are mounted below the partially overlapping portions of said compartments;

said brush means and arm means are mounted below the portion of said rear compartment which is not overlapped behind said wheel means;

said detergent and dirty liquid tank means are housed side by side in said rear compartment and extend beneath said front compartment forwardly of said wheel means; and

said power source means include batteries housed in said front compartment over and forwardly of the overlapped portion of said rear compartment and wheel means;

thereby distributing sufficient weight forwardly of said wheel means for cantilever suspension of said brush means, arm means and squeegee means for ease of maneuverability.

7. The machine of claim 5 wherein said body means include cover means movable relative to said compartment means for ready access to said power source means, detergent tank means, dirty liquid tank means and fan means.

8. The machine of claim 5 wherein said propulsion means include brake means normally biased out of operative engagement with said motor driven wheel means;

and said control means include brake lever means mounted on said control housing means, and cable means operatively connecting said lever means and said brake means, said lever means being movable between a locked, brake engaging position wherein the tension on said cable means is increased to overcome the bias and a brake disengaging position wherein the tension on said cable means is relaxed.

9. The machine of claim 5 wherein said propulsion means include said wheel means mounted on each side of a generally horizontal longitudinal axis of said body means, and brake means normally biased out of engagement with said wheel means on each sideof said axis;

and said control means include manually operated transverse steering handle means mounted on said control housing means for pivotal movement about said axis and normally biased to a generally horizontal, brake disengaging position between oppositely inclined left and right turn positions, and cable means operatively associated with said handle means and brake means on each side of said axis, whereby said handle means, when inclined downwardly against the horizontal bias to each side of said axis, actuate said brake means on one side of said axis by increasing the tension on one of said cable means to overcome said brake disengaging bias, while relaxing the tension on the other of said cable means.

10. The machine of claim 9 wherein said control housing means is mounted on said body means for movement with said steering handle means.

11. The machine of claim 5 wherein said control means include manually operated transverse propulsion handle means mounted on said control housing means for rotation about a generally horizontal transverse axis and normally biased to a neutral position between forward and reverse propulsion positions;

and said control circuit means include reversible motor means for driving said wheel means in forward and reverse directions;

direction control means operatively associated with said handle means, connected across said source means and having selectively energizable and variable opposite directional outputs;

control logic and amplifier control means connected across said source means and to said directional outputs, and having directional control and variable speed control outputs;

series connected bridge means and power transistor means connected to said directional control and speed control outputs respectively, said bridge means having an input connected to said source means, an output, and a control pair connected across said motor means;

said transistor means having an input connected to the output of said bridge means and an output connected to said source means;

said rotation of said handle means between neutral and either forward or reverse direction actuating said direction control means to selectively and variably energize the selected one of its outputs to directionally and variably energize said control logic and amplifier control means the directional output of which unbalances said bridge means in the selected direction and the variable output of which variably energizes said transistor means to control the direction and speed respectively of said motor means which drive said wheel means in said forward and reverse directions.

12. The machine of claim 11 wherein said control means include cam means rotatable with said handle means, cam follower means normally biased against said cam means, and cable means operatively connecting said cam follower means to said direction control means, which is in the form of magnetic slide means directly responsive to the direction and extent of rotation of said handle means for selectively and variably energizing the selected one of its outputs, the greater the extent of rotation the greater the energization.

13. The machine of claim 11 wherein said control circuit means include dynamic brake circuit means connected across said motor means;

said brake circuit means including series connected resistor means and normally open contact means of relay means having coil means connected between said source means and said direction control means;

said handle means in said neutral position deactuating said direction control means to cut off its outputs and those of said control logic and amplifier control means, balance said bridge means, and connect said coil means to said source means to energize said coil means and close said contact means, which shunt the current around and brake said motor means to effectively bring said machine to a quick stop, overcoming its momentum in either forward or reverse direction.

14. The machine of claim 13 wherein said control logic and amplifier control means include time delay relay means connected between said coil means and said direction control means, whereupon sudden reverse rotation of said handle means through said neutral position actuates said directional control means to cut off one of its outputs, momentarily connect said relay means to said source means and then energize its opposite output to oppositely directionally energize said control logic and amplifier control means, the directional control output of which reversely unbalances said bridge means to reverse said motor means, said relay means delaying energizing of said coil means and closing of said contact means until disconnected from said source means to lock out said dynamic brake circuit means and provide for a smooth transition between forward and reverse movement of said machine.

15. The machine of claim 11 wherein said propulsion means include said wheel means mounted on each side of a generally horizontal longitudinal axis of said body means, and brake means normally biased out of engagement with said wheel means on each side of said longitudinal axis;

said propulsion handle means also control steering by being mounted on said control housing means for simultaneous pivotal movement about said longitudinal axis and normally biased to a generally horizontal, brake disengaging position between oppositely inclined left and right turn positions, said control means including cable means operatively associated with said handle means and brake means on each side of said longitudinal axis, whereby said handle means, when inclined against the horizontal bias to either side of said longitudinal axis, actuate said brake means on one side of said longitudinal axis by increasing the tension on one of said cable means to overcome said brake disengaging bias, while relaxing the tension on the other of said cable means, whether said handle means be in said neutral, forward or reverse rotative position about said transverse axis.

16. The machine of claim 5 wherein said control circuit means include on-off switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected across said source means;

motor means for driving said wheel means and connected to said source means; and

control logic and amplifier control means having an input connected to said source means and an output controlling the input of said motor means;

said control logic and amplifier control means including in circuit low voltage circuit breaker means for monitoring the voltage across said source means;

said circuit breaker means being set to open and deenergize said motor means when said voltage falls below a predetermined value required for adequate power supply conditions permitting complete operation of said machine, and to reclose and reenergize said motor means when said voltage rises to said predetermined value following opening and reclosing of said switch means, for continued maneuverability of said machine notwithstanding inadequate power supply conditions.

17. The machine of claim 5 wherein said detergent dispensing means include conduit means operatively associated with said detergent tank means and brush means, and control valve means in said conduit means, and said control means include manually operated lever means movably mounted on said control housing means, and cable means operatively associated with said lever means and valve means for controlling flow of the detergent from said detergent tank means to said brush means.

18. The machine of claim 5 wherein said scrubber means include quick release magnetic means mounting said brush means to facilitate removal and replacement thereof and gimbal-like means floatingly mounting said brush means for conforming to the floor surface.

19. The machine of claim 5 wherein said motor driven brush means rotate about generally vertical axes and said scrubber means include linkage means mounting said brush means for generally vertical movement toward and away from the floor surface;

and said control circuit means include reversible actuator motor means movably mounted on said body means and having reversible input and output connections with said source means and reciprocal means operatively associated with said linkage means for raising and lowering said brush means.

20. The machine of claim 19 wherein said linkage means include variable length link means normally biased to an extended condition for resiliently urging said brush means downwardly into scrubbing engagement with the floor surface.

21. The machine of claim 20 wherein said linkage means include bell crank means pivotally connected to said body means, said variable length link means and the reciprocal portion of said motor means;

and parallel link means pivotally connected to said body means, variable length link means and brush means;

said variable length link means being adjustable for controlling floor scrubbing pressure.

22. The machine of claim 19 wherein said control circuit means include manually operated, double pole, double throw, actuator switch means mounted on said control housing means and movable between up and down positions for alternately reversing the input and output connections of said actuator motor means;

and limit switch means operatively associated with said linkage means for controlling the extent of said generally vertical movement of said brush means;

one of said limit switch means being connected betweeen said source means and said actuator switch means in the up position; and

another of said limit switch means being connected between said source means and said actuator switch means in the down position.

23. The machine of claim 5 wherein said control circuit means include on-off switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected across said source means;

motor means for driving said brush means and connected across said source means;

control logic and amplifier control means connected to said source means;

said control logic and amplifier control means including in circuit low voltage circuit breaker means for monitoring the voltage across said source means;

brush motor switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected between said on-off switch means and said low voltage circuit breaker means; and

relay means having coil means in series with said brush motor switch means and contact means in series with said motor means;

said circuit breaker means being set to open and deenergize said motor means when said voltage falls below a predetermined value required for adequate power supply conditions permitting complete operation of said machine and to reclose and reenergize said motor means when said voltage rises to said predetermined value following opening and reclosing of said on-off switch means.

24. The machine of claim 5 wherein said vacuum means include quick release means adjustably mounting said squeegee means on said arm means to facilitate removal and replacement of said squeegee means as well as to compensate for wear thereof.

25. The machine of claim 5 wherein said dirty liquid tank means support said motor driven fan means and is not only provided with float type shut off valve means for controlling the dirty liquid level, but also outlet means for disposing of the dirty liquid.

26. The machine of claim 25 wherein said control circuit means include motor means for driving said fan means and connected across said source means;

and magnetic circuit breaker means mounted on said control housing means, in series with said motor means.

27. The machine of claim 5 wherein said vacuum means include manually operable squeegee lever means, linkage means operatively connecting said lever means and arm means for generally vertical movement of said arm means toward and away from the floor surface for raising and lowering said squeegee means, and resilient means mounted on said body means and operatively connected to one of said linkage means and lever means for normally biasing said squeegee means into floor wiping contact, said lever means being movable between a squeegee floor engaging position and a locked squeegee floor disengaging position, and said resilient means being adjustable for varying the floor wiping pressure of said squeegee means.

28. The machine of claim 5 wherein said vacuum means include universal joint means mounted on said body means and mounting said articulated arm means for simultaneous limited movement therewith about three axes intersecting at a common point, one of said axes being generally vertical, another of said axes being generally horizontal and transverse, and the third of said axes being generally horizontal and longitudinal, whereby said squeegee means properly tracks behind said brush means in all directions of cleaning travel to dry the wet cleaned surface rearwardly of said brush means, as well as adjusts vertically in longitudinal and transverse directions to compensate for floor surface irregularities.

29. The machine of claim 28 wherein said brush means include dual brushes counter-rotatable rearwardly about longitudinally offset and generally vertical axes, with said common point being on a radial line connecting said axes of rotation of said brushes between adjacent rearwardly moving peripheral portions thereof, for locating said squeegee means closely adjacent said brush means for said proper tracking action.

30. The machine of claim 28 wherein said vacuum means include manually operable squeegee lever means mounted on said body means, linkage means operatively connected to said lever means, pivot means movable with said universal joint means about said horizontal ones of said three axes but not about said vertical one of said three axes and operatively connected to said linkage means for generally vertical movement of said arm means about said transverse axis toward and away from the floor surface for raising and lowering said squeegee means, and resilient means mounted on said body means and operatively connected to one of said linkage means and lever means for normally biasing said squeegee means into floor wiping contact, said lever means being movable between a squeegee floor engaging position and a locked squeegee floor disengaging position, and said resilient means being adjustable for varying the floor wiping pressure of said squeegee means.

31. The machine of claim 5 wherein said control circuit means include motor means for driving said wheel means and connected across said source means;

motor means for driving said scrubber brush means and connected across said source means;

scrubber brush motor switch means in circuit with said scrubber brush motor means for energizing and deenergizing the same;

master on-off switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected across said power source means, in circuit with said wheel motor means, and in series with said scrubber brush motor switch means for energizing and deenergizing said wheel motor means and scrubber brush motor means; and

key operated switch means mounted on said control housing means and in series with said master on-off switch means for enabling the same.

32. The machine of claim 5 wherein said control circuit means include motor means for driving said brush means and connected across said source means;

meter means mounted on said control housing means and severally connected across said source means;

one of said meter means measuring the time of machine operation, another of said meter means measuring the voltage drop across said power source means, and still another of said meter means being in circuit with said motor means and measuring the amperage in said circuit as an indication of brush pressure on the floor surface.

33. The machine of claim 5 including sweeper means mounted on said body means forwardly of said motor driven wheel means in said normal cleaning direction of travel and including motor driven sweeper brush means for advance sweeping of a debris-laden floor surface;

and wherein said control circuit means include motor means for driving said sweeper brush means and connected across said source means, and sweeper motor switch means mounted on said control housing means in circuit with said motor means for energizing and deenergizing the same.

34. The machine of claim 33 wherein said sweeper means include hopper means for storing debris removed by said brush means, which include main brush means rotatable about a generally horizontal transverse axis for feeding debris to said hopper means, and said brush means adjacent one end of said main brush means and rotatable about a generally vertical axis for feeding debris to said main brush means.

35. The machine of claim 33 wherein said control circuit means include master on-off switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected across said source means in series with said sweeper motor switch means for energizing and deenergizing said motor means;

and key operated switch means mounted on said control housing means in series with said master on-off switch means for enabling the same.

36. The machine of claim 33 wherein said control circuit means include motor means for driving said wheel means and connected across said source means;

motor means for driving said scrubber brush means and connected across said source means;

brush motor switch means mounted on said control housing means in circuit with said brush motor means for energizing and deenergizing the same;

master on-off switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected across said source means in circuit with said wheel motor means, brush motor switch means and sweeper motor switch means for energizing and deenergizing said wheel motor means, brush motor means and sweeper motor means; and

key operated switch means mounted on said control housing means in series with said master on-off switch means for enabling the same.

37. The machine of claim 5 including sweeper means mounted on said body means forwardly of said motor driven wheel means in said normal cleaning direction of travel and including motor driven sweeper brush means for advance sweeping of a debris-laden floor surface;

and wherein said control circuit means include on-off switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected across said source means;

sweeper motor means for driving said sweeper brush means and connected across said source means;

control logic and amplifier control means connected to said source means;

said control logic and amplifier control means including low voltage circuit breaker means for monitoring the voltage across said source means;

sweeper motor switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected between said on-off switch means and said low voltage circuit breaker means; and

relay means having coil means in series with said sweeper motor switch means and contact means in series with said sweeper motor means;

said circuit breaker means being set to open and deenergize said sweeper motor means when said voltage drops below a predetermined value required for adequate power supply conditions to permit complete operation of said machine, and to reclose and reenergize said sweeper motor means when said voltage rises to said predetermined value following opening and reclosing of said on-off switch means.

38. The machine of claim 37 wherein said control circuit means include wheel motor means for driving said wheel means and connected to said source means and controlled by the output of said control logic and amplifier control means;

brush motor means for driving said scrubber brush means and connected across said source means;

brush motor switch means mounted on said control housing means and connected between said on-off switch means and said low voltage circuit breaker means in parallel with said sweeper motor switch means; and

relay means having coil means in series with said brush motor means;

said circuit breaker means being set to open and deenergize said wheel motor means and brush motor means when said voltage falls below said predetermined value, and to reclose and reenergize said wheel motor means and brush motor means when said voltage rises to said predetermined value following opening and reclosing of said on-off switch means, leaving only said wheel motor means reenergized for continued maneuverability of said machine notwithstanding said inadequate power supply conditions.

39. An automatic, self contained and self propelled floor cleaning machine comprising a unitary, power driven body means having mounted thereon from front to rear in the normal cleaning direction of travel:

a propulsion means for dry tracking on the floor surface to be cleaned, scrubber means for wetting and cleaning the surface, independently articulated vacuum means for drying of and proper tracking on the cleaned surface, and control means operatively associated with said propulsion means, said scrubber means and said vacuum means for controlling actuation of said machine wherein said propulsion means include wheel means mounted on each side of a generally horizontal longitudinal axis of said body means, and brake means normally biased out of operative engagement with said wheel means; and

said control means include manually operated service lever means, transverse control handle means, and cable means operatively associated with said lever means, handle means and each of said brake means;

said handle means being pivotable about said axis between a generally horizontal brake disengaging position relaxing tension on both of said cable means and oppositely inclined turning positions, each applying tension to the appropriate one of said cable means to overcome said bias and engage one of said brake means;

said lever means being movable between a brake engaging position applying tension on both of said cable means to overcome said bias and a brake disengaging position relaxing tension on both of said cable means;

said lever means and handle means being operable jointly whereupon movement of said lever means to said brake engaging position applies tension on both of said cable means to control speed of machine travel, while pivoting of said handle means to either one of said turning positions simultaneously increases tension on the appropriate one of said cable means to control direction of machine travel, as when necessary to both descend and turn on a steep inclined surface.