Apparatus and method for recharging an energy storage device

• US 4,383,210 A
• Filed: 06/18/1980
• Issued: 05/10/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 06/18/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Rudolph P. Wilkinson
• Original Assignee: Rudolph P. Wilkinson
• Inventors: Wilkinson, Rudolph P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hickey, R. J.
• Application Number:
  US06/160,909
• Time in Patent Office: 1,056 Days
• Field of Search: 194/1 M, 194/11, 194/1 N, 320/43, 320/44, 320/45, 320/48, 320/2-5, 180/65 R
• US Class Current: 320/109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/31 Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 21/007 Adapted for special tariff measuring G01R21/01, G01R21/02, G01R21/08, G01R21/10, G01R21/1278 and G01R21/1333 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 22/066 Arrangements for avoiding or indicating fraudulent use
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 15/005 dispensed for the electrical charging of vehicles electrical charging as such, B60L50/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0071 with a programmable schedule
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

An apparatus for providing a device with a prepurchased, selectable quantity of power from a primary power source includes a mechanism for receiving a medium of exchange, such as a money receiving mechanism. The apparatus further includes an outlet for coupling the device to the apparatus and for switchably connecting the device to a primary power source. The apparatus further includes an electronic computer which responds to the medium of exchange receiving mechanism to control the outlet so that the appropriate amount of prepurchased power is provided to the device connected thereto. The computer disconnects the electrical connection between the outlet and the primary power source when current passing through the outlet is detected by a current monitoring mechanism and the computer to be not greater than a predetermined level and voltage in the outlet is detected by a voltage monitoring mechanism and the computer to be greater than a predetermined value because these concurrently detected conditions indicate a possible power theft is in progress. The apparatus further includes a starting mechanism which initially energizes the apparatus and starts a time period running within which an appropriate medium of exchange must be received for the purchase of a selectable quantity of power to prevent the computer from deenergizing the apparatus when the time period expires.

Claims

1. An apparatus for recharging an energy storage device from a primary power source with a selectable quantity of power, comprising:

activation means for selecting a quantity of power to be delivered from said primary power source to said storage device;

outlet means, switchably connected to said primary source, for electrically connecting said apparatus and said storage device; and

electronic control means, responsive to said activation means, for controlling the switchable connection of said outlet means with said primary power source, said electronic control means including;

current monitoring means for determining the amount of current passing through said outlet means during a predetermined time period; and

current stopping means, responsive to said current monitoring means, for disconnecting the switchable connection between said outlet means and said primary power source when said current monitoring means determines the current flowing through said outlet means during the predetermined time period is not greater than a predetermined value.

2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said electronic control means further includes:

voltage monitoring means for detecting a voltage level in said outlet means; and

current passing means, responsive to said voltage monitoring means, for preventing said current stopping means from disconnecting the switchable connection if the detected voltage level is not greater than a predetermined level.

3. An apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein:

said activation means includes receiving means for receiving a predetermined medium of exchange so that a predetermined quantity of power to be delivered to said storage device is purchased when an appropriate medium of exchange is received by said receiving means; and

said electronic control means further includes means, responsive to said medium of exchange accepted by said receiving means, for making the switchable connection of said outlet means with said primary power source so that the purchased predetermined quantity of power is delivered to said storage device when said storage device is connected to said outlet means.

4. An apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein:

said electronic control means further includes means for determining the difference between the predetermined quantity of power purchased and the quantity of power delivered to said storage device; and

said apparatus further comprises display means for displaying the determined difference.

5. An apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein:

said activation means further includes start means for energizing said electronic control means; and

said electronic control means further includes means for deenergizing said electronic control means when no quantity of power is selected by said activation means within a predetermined time period after said start means energizes said electronic control means.

6. An apparatus from which a selectable quantity of electrical power can be purchased, comprising:

token receiving means for accepting at least one token so that a selectable quantity of power is thereby purchased;

outlet means, including;

interface means for electrically coupling said apparatus to a device for receiving the purchased quantity of power; and

switch means for electrically connecting said interface means to a primary power source;

current monitoring means for monitoring the current passing through said interface means; and

electronic computer means, responsive to said token receiving means, for controlling said switch means so that said primary power source is electrically connected to said interface means when a selectable quantity of power is purchased, said electronic computer means including;

calculating means, responsive to said current monitoring means, for calculating the amount of current passing through said interface means during a predetermined time period; and

disconnecting means, responsive to said calculating means, for controlling said switch means to electrically disconnect said primary power source from said interface means when the amount of current passing through said interface means during the predetermined time period is not greater than a predetermined value so that no power is transferred to the device connected to said interface means without the receipt of an appropriate token by said token receiving means.

7. An apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein:

said apparatus further comprises voltage monitoring means for monitoring a voltage level in said interface means; and

said electronic computer means further includes;

means, responsive to said voltage monitoring means, for detecting when the monitored voltage is not greater than a predetermined level; and

means, responsive to said detecting means, for preventing said disconnecting means from controlling said switch means when the voltage is determined to be below the predetermined level.

8. An apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein said token receiving means includes means for generating a respective predetermined priority interrupt signal in response to the receipt by said token receiving means of a token having a respective denomination.

9. An apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein:

said apparatus further comprises start means for energizing said electronic computer means; and

said electronic computer means includes means for de-energizing said electronic computer means when said electronic computer means detects that no token has been accepted by said token receiving means within a predetermined time period after said start means energizes said electronic computer means.

10. An apparatus from which a selectable quantity of electrical power can be purchased, comprising:

token receiving means for accepting at least one token so that a selectable quantity of power is thereby purchased;

outlet means, including;

interface means for electrically coupling said apparatus to a device for receiving the purchased quantity of power; and

switch means for electrically connecting said interface means to a primary power source;

current monitoring means for monitoring the current passing through said interface means; and

electronic computer means, responsive to said token receiving means, for controlling said switch means so that said primary power source is electrically connected to said interface means when a selectable quantity of power is purchased, said electronic computer means including;

means for determining the difference between the quantity of power purchased and the quantity of power delivered to the device connected to said interface means;

means for operating said switch means to electrically disconnect said primary power source from said interface means when said difference is not greater than a predetermined value;

calculating means, responsive to said current monitoring means, for calculating the amount of current passing through said interface means during a predetermined time period; and

disconnecting means, responsive to said calculating means, for controlling said switch means to electrically disconnect said primary power source from said interface means when the amount of current passing through said interface means during the predetermined time period is not greater than a predetermined value so that no power is transferred to the device connected to said interface means without the receipt of an appropriate token by said token receiving means.

11. An apparatus as defined in claim 10, wherein:

said apparatus further comprises voltage monitoring means for detecting a voltage level in said interface means; and

said electronic computer means further includes;

means, responsive to said voltage monitoring means, for detecting when the monitored voltage is not greater than a predetermined level; and

means for preventing said disconnecting means from controlling said switch means when the voltage is determined to be below the predetermined level.

12. An apparatus as defined in claim 11, further comprising display means for displaying the difference between the quantity of power purchased and the quantity of power delivered.

13. An apparatus as defined in claim 12, wherein said token receiving means includes means for generating a respective predetermined priority interrupt signal in response to the receipt by said token receiving means of a token having a respective denomination.

14. An apparatus as defined in claim 13, wherein:

said apparatus further comprises start means for energizing said electronic computer means; and

said electronic computer means includes means for deenergizing said electronic computer means when said electronic computer means detects that no token has been accepted by said token receiving means within a predetermined time period after said start means energizes said electronic computer means.

15. An electrical power vending apparatus for dispensing prepurchased quantities of power to a device connected to said apparatus comprising:

activation means for activating said apparatus, said activation means including money receiving means for receiving money and generating a respective electrical signal corresponding to a respective denomination of money received by said activation means;

electrical coupling means for providing an electrical connection between said apparatus and said device;

switch means for electrically connecting said coupling means with a primary power source;

current monitoring means for monitoring current passing through said coupling means and for generating an electrical signal proportional thereto;

voltage monitoring means for monitoring voltage in said coupling means and for generating an electrical signal proportional thereto; and

computer means, responsive to the electrical signals generated by said activation means, said current monitoring means and said voltage monitoring means, for controlling said switch means so that said switch means electrically connects said coupling means and said primary power source to dispense power in a quantity determined by the denomination of money received by said activation means when said device is connected to said coupling means and when the monitored current passing through said coupling means is greater than a predetermined current value or the monitored voltage in said coupling means is not greater than a predetermined voltage value.

16. An apparatus as defined in claim 15, wherein:

said activation means includes start means for energizing said computer means; and

said computer means includes means for deenergizing said computer means when said computer means detects no electrical signal from said money receiving means within a predetermined time period after said start means energizes said computer means.

17. A method of dispensing electrical power from an outlet in prepurchased quantities, comprising the steps of:

receiving a token;

determining the quantity of power purchase by said token;

calculating the quantity of power dispensed from said outlet;

determining the difference between the quantity of power purchased and the quantity of power dispensed;

electrically connecting said outlet to a primary power source when the calculated difference is greater than a predetermined value;

disconnecting said outlet from said primary power source when the difference is less than or equal to the predetermined value;

monitoring a voltage in said outlet;

monitoring the current passing through said outlet during a predetermined time period; and

disconnecting said outlet from said primary power source when the current passing through said outlet during the predetermined time period is not greater than a predetermined current value and the voltage in the outlet is greater than a predetermined voltage value.