Method and apparatus for speech synthesizing

• US 4,384,170 A
• Filed: 10/29/1979
• Issued: 05/17/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 01/21/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Electronic Speech Systems, ESS Technology Incorporated (Semiconductor Holding Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Forrest S. Mozer
• Inventors: Mozer, Forrest S., Stauduhar, Richard P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kemeny, Emanuel S.
• Application Number:
  US06/089,074
• Time in Patent Office: 1,296 Days
• Field of Search: 179/1 SM, 179/1 SA, 179/1 SG, 84/1.01, 84/1.03, 375/27, 375/28, 455/72, 332/11 D, 358/135, 358/261
• US Class Current: 704/266
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 13/047 Architecture of speech synthesisers
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/00 Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis in musical instruments G10H

Abstract

A speech synthesizer including a device for storing compressed digital signals corresponding to original information speech or audio waveform time domain signals, the digital signals including information signal portions and instruction signal portions identifying particular compression techniques applied to associated information signal portions; an output terminal for manifesting analog electrical synthesized signals corresponding to the original signals; a digital-to-analog converter having an output coupled to the output terminal and an input; and an intermediate signal processing circuit having an input coupled to the storage device and an output coupled to the digital-to-analog converter for expanding the information signal portions in accordance with the instruction signal portions to produce digital synthesized signals to be converted to analog synthesized signals by the digital-to-analog converter.

Claims

1. A speech synthesizer comprising:

means for storing compressed digital signals corresponding to original information speech or other audio wave form time domain signals, said digital signals including information signals portions and instructions signals portions identifying particular compression techniques applied to associated information signal portions;

means for manifesting analog electrical synthesized signals corresponding to said original signals;

digital-to-analog converter means having an output coupled to said manifesting means, and an input; and

intermediate signal processing means having an input means coupled to said storing means for receiving said information portions and said instruction signal portions of said digital signals stored in said storing means, and an output means coupled to said digital-to-analog converter means, for expanding said information signal portions in accordance with said instruction signal portions to produce digital synthesized signals to be converted to said analog synthesized signals by said digital-to-analog converter means.

2. The combination of claim 1 wherein said information signal portions include delta modulated signal portions identified by corresponding instruction signal portions, and wherein said intermediate signal processing means includes delta modulation decoder means for decoding said delta modulated signal portions.

3. The combination of claim 1 wherein said information signal portions include X period zeroed signals formed by deleting preselected relatively low power portions of said original information time domain signals, where X is a fraction in the range from about 1/4 to about 3/4, the corresponding instruction signal portions specifying those portions of the deleted signals to be replaced by a substantially constant amplitude signal of predetermined value, and wherein said intermediate signal processing means includes control means responsive to receipt of an X period zeroed instruction signal portion for causing the generation of a substantially constant amplitude signal having a single value lying between the maximum and minimum values of the corresponding deleted portion of the original information-bearing time domain signal as a portion of the synthetic analog signal manifested by said manifesting means.

4. The combination of claim 3 wherein said synthesizer further includes source means for generating said substantially constant amplitude signal, and switch means having an output terminal coupled to said manifesting means, a first input terminal coupled to said output of said digital-to-analog converter means, a second input terminal coupled to said source means, a control input terminal coupled to said control means, and means for coupling said second input terminal of said switch means to said output terminal of said switch means in response to a control signal from said intermediate signal processing means indicating receipt by said intermediate signal processing means of an X period zeroed instruction signal.

5. The combination of claim 1 wherein said intermediate signal processing means includes variable clock means for varying the pitch frequency of said digital synthesized signals so that said analog electrical synthesized signals contain synthesized naturally occurring pitch period variations.

6. The combination of claim 1 wherein said information signal portions include an inverse transformation of a Mozer phase adjusted transform of said original time domain signals identified by corresponding instruction signal portions, and wherein said intermediate signal processing means includes means responsive to receipt of a Mozer phase adjust instruction signal portion for causing the corresponding compressed digital signals stored in said storing means to be sequentially applied to said converter means in a first ordered manner and subsequently causing the same signals to be sequentially applied to said converter means in a reverse manner from said first ordered manner.

7. The combination of claim 1 wherein said storing means includes a phoneme memory for storing digital information signal portions representative of a vocabulary of phonemes used in synthesizing words, a syllable memory for storing digital instruction signal portions specifying the starting address in said phoneme memory of each of said digital information signal portions used in synthesizing a library of words and specific instruction signal portions for specifying the sequential read-out of said phoneme digital information signal portions, and a word memory for storing digital instructions signal portions representing the starting address in said syllable memory of said syllable digital information signal portions required to construct the syllables of a library of words, and wherein said synthesizer further includes means coupled to said word memory for generating a signal specifying a particular word of interest for synthesization.

8. The combination of claim 7 wherein said intermediate signal processing means includes a phoneme counter having an address input coupled to said syllable memory for receiving said syllable digital instruction signals, means for incrementing said phoneme counter to enable sequential read-out of said phoneme digital information signal portions comprising a complete syllable of a specified word, a syllable counter having an address input coupled to said word memory for receiving said word digital instruction signals, and means for incrementing said syllable counter to enable sequential read-out of said syllable digital address instruction signal portions and said digital sequential read-out instruction signals comprising a complete word.

9. The combination of claim 7 wherein said storing means further includes a sentence memory for storing digital information signal portions specifying the starting address in said word memory of said word instruction signal portions for said library of words, and means coupled to said sentence memory for generating a signal specifying a particular sentence for synthesization.

10. The combination of claim 9 wherein said intermediate signal processing means includes a phoneme counter having an address input coupled to said syllable memory for receiving said syllable digital instruction signals, means for incrementing said phoneme counter to enable sequential read-out of said phoneme digital information signal portions comprising a complete syllable of a specified word, a syllable counter having an address input coupled to said word memory for receiving said word digital instruction signals, means for incrementing said syllable counter to enable sequential read-out of said syllable digital address instruction signal portions and said digital sequential read-out instruction signals comprising a complete word, a sentence counter having an address input coupled to said sentence signal generating means for receiving a sentence specifying signal, and means for incrementing said sentence counter to enable sequential read-out of said word digital instruction signal portions comprising a complete sentence.

11. The combination of claim 1 wherein said intermediate signal processing means further includes a shift register coupled to said storing means for temporarily storing said digital information signal portions received therefrom.