Method and apparatus for testing and using membrane filters in an on site of use housing

• US 4,384,474 A
• Filed: 05/20/1981
• Issued: 05/24/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 10/30/1980
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Specialty Minerals Incorporated (Minerals Technologies Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: AMFM Incorporated
• Inventors: Kowalski, V. Walter
• Primary Examiner(s): Yasich, Daniel M.
• Application Number:
  US06/265,481
• Time in Patent Office: 734 Days
• Field of Search: 73/38, 73/432 V, 210/95, 210/433.2, 210/188
• US Class Current: 73/38
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2313/44 Cartridge types
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 35/00 Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 35/14 Safety devices specially adapted for filtration preventing or minimising fires or explosions A62C; Devices for indicating clogging incorporated in a throw-away filter B01D27/10
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/145 Ultrafiltration
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/18 Apparatus therefor
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 65/102 Detection of leaks in membranes
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/26 by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/08 Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials

Abstract

An improved method and apparatus for controlled pressure testing at least one membrane filter in an on site of use housing, and to simultaneously test a plurality of membrane filters in a covered common housing at the site of use to independently determine by visual flow indicators if each filter is acceptable for use or is defective.

Claims

1. Apparatus for integrity testing and using membrane filter means at the site of use, comprising

a base and a cover releasably connected to said base thereby forming a housing which defines a filter chamber;

a membrane filter disposed within said housing and dividing the filter chamber into an inlet area on one side of said membrane filter and an outlet area on the opposite side of said membrane filter;

said housing having an inlet in communication with the inlet area of said chamber, an outlet in communication with the outlet area of said chamber and vent means communicating with said inlet area at the upper portion of said chamber;

said inlet adapted at particular times to be selectively closed, connected to a source of test fluid during test of said membrane filter and to a source of fluid to be filtered during use of said membrane filter;

said outlet adapted at particular times to be selectively closed, connected to a return line for said test fluid during test and to a delivery line for said filtered fluid during use;

said vent means adapted at particular times to be selectively closed and connected to a source of controlled air pressure; and

a flow condition indicating means communicating with the outlet area at the upper portion of said chamber, and having valve means for controlling flow through said indicating means.

2. The apparatus in accordance with claim 1 and

the periphery of said membrane filter extending outwardly of said chamber and being retained between said cover and said base.

3. The apparatus in accordance with claim 2, and said membrane filter comprising

a disc type filter membrane;

and

a backing plate supporting said membrane and capable of permitting flow of fluid therethrough.

4. The apparatus in accordance with claim 3, and

a first O-ring seal disposed between said base and the periphery of said backing plate;

and

a second O-ring seal disposed between said cover and the periphery of said membrane.

5. The apparatus in accordance with claim 4, and

said cover provided with a plurality of ribs extending into the outlet area of said chamber and engaging said backing plate thereby preventing deflection of said membrane filter due to pressure differential across said filter membrane.

6. The apparatus in accordance with claim 1, and

said membrane filter comprising a filter cartridge having membrane filter media sealed at its upper and lower ends, and a core through the filter media;

said cartridge being removably disposed in the inlet area of said chamber; and

said core defining the outlet area of said chamber and having an upper end connected to communicate with said flow condition indicating means and a lower end connected to communicate with said outlet.

7. The apparatus in accordance with claim 6, and

said indicating means and said outlet each providing a socket axially aligned with the socket provided by the other;

and

said cartridge having a pair of end caps sealing the ends of said filter media and being inserted into said axially aligned sockets thereby providing communication between the outlet area of said chamber and said indicating means at the upper end of said core and said outlet at the lower end of said core.

8. The apparatus in accordance with claim 7, and

an axially spaced pair of O-ring seals engaging each of said end caps and said socket into which said end cap is inserted.

9. The apparatus in accordance with claim 8, and

said end cap at the upper end of said cartridge defining an axial flow path therethrough with a portion of larger diameter communicating with said core and a portion of smaller diameter communicating with said indicating means;

and

said axial flow path having a tapered intermediate portion flow connecting said portions of larger and smaller diameters to permit air bubbles to rise unimpeded from said core into said indicating means.

10. The apparatus in accordance with claim 1, and

a plurality of said indicating means each communicating with the outlet area at the upper portion of said chambers;

said membrane filter comprising a plurality of filter cartridges each having membrane filter media sealed at its upper and lower ends, and a core through the filter media;

said cartridges being removably disposed in the inlet area of said chamber and the cores of said cartridges defining the outlet area of said chamber; and

each of said cores having an upper end connected to communicate with a different one of said indicating means and a lower end connected to communicate with said outlet.

11. The apparatus in accordance with claim 10, and

a plurality of pairs of axially aligned sockets in communication with said chamber;

each of said indicating means providing one of said sockets of a different one of said pairs and the housing providing the other sockets of said pairs which communicate with each other and said outlet;

said cartridges each having a pair of end caps sealing the ends of said filter media and being inserted into a different one of said pairs of axially aligned sockets thereby providing communication between the outlet area of said chamber and said indicating means at the upper ends of said cores and said outlet at the lower ends of said cores.

12. The apparatus in accordance with claim 11, and

said end cap at the upper end of each of said cartridges defining an axial flow path therethrough with a portion of larger diameter communicating with the core of said cartridge and a portion of smaller diameter at the end of the cap communicating with one of said indicating means and

said axial flow path having an intermediate portion with a tapered wall connecting the portions with larger and smaller diameters together to permit air bubbles to rise unimpeded from said core into said indicating means.

13. The apparatus in accordance with claim 12, and

a different axially spaced pair of O-ring seals engaging each of said end caps and said socket into which said end cap is inserted.

14. A method of testing membrane type filter cartridges at the site of use, comprising the steps of

placing a plurality of cartridges in the chamber of a filter housing at the filtering site with the lower end of the core of each cartridge in communication with the outlet of the housing and the upper end of the core of each cartridge in communication with a different one of a plurality of flow condition indicating means which extend through the top of the housing;

with the outlet closed, venting the top of the chamber and opening the inlet to admit test liquid to fill the chamber;

closing the vent and opening the outlet to provide a continuous flow of test liquid from the inlet through all of the cartridges to the open outlet;

venting the indicating means one by one to sequentially fill each of the indicating means while maintaining flow through all of the cartridges until the membrane filter media thereof is thoroughly wet by the test liquid;

closing the inlet and connecting chamber to air pressure at about 5 psig to cause all of the test liquid to flow from the chamber through the membrane filter media of all of the cartridges while monitoring all of the indicating means to determine that no air bubbles appear therein;

increasing the air pressure slowly while monitoring all of the indicating means to determine that no air bubbles appear in quick sequence in any of the indicating means until the air pressure reaches the acceptable diffusional flow rate test pressure range as predetermined in accordance with the membrane filter media of the cartridges being tested; and

draining all test liquid from the chamber, the indicating means and the cartridges.

15. The method in accordance with claim 14, and further increasing the air pressure before draining and substantially instantaneously replacing test liquid in all of the indicating means with air to determine the foam all-over point of the cartridges.

16. The method in accordance with claim 14 when air bubbles appear in an indicating means thereby indicating the cartridge in communication therewith is defective, comprising the further steps of

venting the indicating means with air from air bubbles;

and

choking the flow through the outlet to maintain a column of test liquid in the vented indicating means until the test is completed.

17. A method of testing a filter with membrane filter media at the site of use, comprising the steps of

placing a membrane filter in the chamber of a housing between inlet and outlet which communicate with the bottom of the chamber;

providing a flow condition indicating means in communication with the upper portion of said chamber on the outlet side of said membrane filter;

with the outlet closed;

venting the upper portion of the chamber on the inlet side of said membrane filter and admitting test liquid into the inlet to fill the chamber;

closing the vent when test liquid fills the chamber and opening the outlet to provide a continuous flow of test liquid from the outlet through said membrane filter to the outlet;

venting the indicating means only until it is filled with test liquid and maintaining flow through the membrane filter until the membrane is thoroughly wet by the test liquid;

closing the inlet and connecting the inlet side of the chamber to a source of air pressure at about 5 psig while monitoring the indicating means to determine that no air bubbles appear therein;

increasing the air pressure slowly while monitoring the indicating means to determine that no air bubbles appear therein in quick sequence until the air pressure is in the acceptable diffusional flow rate test pressure range as predetermined by the membrane of the filter being tested;

disconnecting the air pressure and draining all test liquid from the chamber and the indicating means.

18. The method in accordance with claim 17, and comprising the step of

venting the chamber and indicating means while connecting the inlet to a drain line for draining the chamber and the indicating means.

19. The method in accordance with claim 18, and

further increasing the air pressure before draining and substantially instantaneously replacing test liquid in the indicating means with air to determine the foam all-over point of the membrane.

20. A method of testing membrane type filter cartridges at the site of use, comprising the steps of

placing a cartridge in the chamber of a filter housing at the filtering site with its core in flow communication at its lower end with the outlet of the housing and at its upper end with a flow condition indicating means extending through the top of the housing;

with the outlet closed, venting the upper portion of the chamber and admitting test liquid into the inlet of the housing to fill the chamber;

closing the vent and opening the outlet to provide a continuous flow of test liquid from the inlet through the cartridge to the outlet;

venting the indicating means only until it is filled with test liquid and maintaining flow through the cartridge until the membrane media thereof is thoroughly wet by the test liquid;

closing the inlet and connecting the chamber to air pressure at about 5 psig to move all of the test liquid from the chamber through the membrane media while monitoring the indicating means to determine that no air bubbles appear therein;

increasing the air pressure slowly while monitoring the indicating means to determine that no air bubbles appear therein in quick sequence until the air pressure is in the acceptable diffusional flow rate test pressure range as predetermined in accordance with the membrane of the cartridge being tested; and

draining all test liquid from the chamber, the indicating means and the cartridge.

21. The method in accordance with claim 20, and comprising the step of

venting the chamber and the indicating means while connecting the inlet to a drain line for draining the chamber, indicating means and cartridge.

22. The method in accordance with claim 21, and

further increasing the air pressure before draining and substantially instantaneously replacing test liquid in the indicating means with air to determine the foam all-over point of the cartridge.