Coeliac cavity ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus

• US 4,391,282 A
• Filed: 10/17/1980
• Issued: 07/05/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Olympus Optical Corporation Limited (Olympus Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Olympus Optical Corporation Limited (Olympus Corporation)
• Inventors: Suwaki, Toshitaka, Ando, Otaro
• Primary Examiner(s): Howell, Kyle L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jaworski, Francis J.
• Application Number:
  US06/198,246
• Time in Patent Office: 991 Days
• Field of Search: 128/660-663, 128/4
• US Class Current: 600/463
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/12 in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters catheters per se A61M25/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/445 Details of catheter construction
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4461 Features of the scanning mechanism, e.g. for moving the transducer within the housing of the probe
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52063 Sector scan display

Abstract

A coeliac cavity ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus which includes an ultrasonic transducer or scanner portion adapted to be inserted into a coeliac cavity to effect a sector scan of an ultrasonic beam to produce an ultrasonic image of internal tissues and in which the ultrasonic oscillator on the one hand and an ultrasonic reflecting mirror and rotary disc on the other hand are relatively rotated so as to effect the sector scan of the ultrasonic beam and the rotary angle of the rotary disc is detected so as to obtain a deflecting angle of the ultrasonic beam and a display on a cathode ray tube of a precise ultrasonic picture image.

Claims

1. A coeliac cavity ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus including a scanner portion insertable into a physical body of a patient and operative to effect a B-mode sector scan of an ultrasonic wave to produce a tomographic image, comprising

(a) an endoscope including at least an observation means and illumination means and provided at its side surface near the distal end portion thereof with an opening;

(b) an ultrasonic signal transducer fixed to the distal end portion of the endoscope for generating and transmitting ultrasonic wave radiation in a direction substantially aligned with the axial direction of an insertable portion of said endoscope;

(c) a reflecting mirror opposed to and inclined at substantially a constant angle with respect to the ultrasonic wave radiation surface of the ultrasonic signal transducer and rotatably mounted at the opening provided at the distal end portion of said endoscope;

(d) a power means provided in an operating portion located in the rear of said endoscope and operative to rotate said reflecting mirror;

(e) a flexible shaft extending through a flexible portion of said endoscope and transmitting the rotation of said power means to said reflecting mirror;

(f) an initial pulse generating means rotatable together with said reflecting mirror at the distal end portion of said endoscope to generate a pulse just prior to the arrival of said reflecting mirror at a given position so as to define a display starting point at every ultrasonic scanning frame;

(g) an angle detecting means arranged in said operating portion located in the rear of said endoscope and rotatable in synchronism with said rotary shaft of said power means to detect the rotary angle of said power means and generate a pulse each time said rotary shaft rotates by a constant angle;

(h) means for obtaining a reflecting signal for reproducing an ultrasonic image from a pulse delivered from said initial pulse generating means and from a pulse delivered from said angle detecting means;

(i) a brightness modulating means operative to transmit the ultrasonic wave to said ultrasonic signal transducer and receive the ultrasonic wave therefrom to effect brightness modulation of the signal received; and

(j) means for displaying the ultrasonic image from said deflecting signal and brightness modulating signal.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said means for obtaining a deflecting signal comprises:

a counter operative to commence counting on the basis of the pulse delivered from said initial pulse generating means and to be triggered by the pulse delivered from said angle detecting means;

a nonvolatile memory having an address specified by said counter and operative to deliver as an output a functional value of the specified address from the functional values of sin θ and

cos θ

corresponding to the deflecting angle of the ultrasonic bean stored therein; and

a deflecting signal generating circuit for generating a deflecting signal for a cathode ray tube for reproducing an ultrasonic signal having an amplitude value which is proportional to the output value from said non-volatile memory.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said initial value generating means comprises

(a) a disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and provided at its one portion with a light reflecting portion;

(b) a light emitter and a light receiver arranged in a scanning portion located in the rear of the endoscope; and

(c) two optical fibers extending through the endoscope and having ends opposed to said disc and the other ends opposed to said light emitter and light receiver, respectively.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, or 2, wherein said angle detecting means comprises an optical rotary encoder.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a linear potentiometer;

and

(b) an A/D converter for converting an analog output delivered from said linear potentiometer into a digital value.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said ultrasonic signal transducer, reflecting mirror and initial pulse generating means are enclosed in a deformable bag filled with an ultrasonic wave transmitting medium.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said deformable bag is supplied with said ultrasonic wave transmitting medium through a supply pipe, said ultrasonic wave transmitting medium being discharged from said deformable bag through an exhaust pipe.

8. A coeliac cavity ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus including a scanner portion insertable into a physical body of a patient and operative to effect a B-mode sector scan to produce a tomographic image, comprising

(a) an endoscope including at least an observation means and illumination means and provided at its side surface near the distal end portion thereof with an opening;

(b) an ultrasonic signal transducer fixed to the distal end portion of the endoscope for transmitting ultrasonic wave radiation in a direction substantially aligned with the axial direction of an insertable portion of the endoscope;

(c) a reflecting mirror opposed to an inclined at substantially a constant angle with respect to the ultrasonic wave radiation surface of the ultrasonic signal transducer and rotatably mounted at the opening provided at the distal end portion of the endoscope;

(d) a power means provided in an operating portion located in the rear of the endoscope and operative to rotate the reflecting mirror;

(e) a flexible shaft extending through said flexible portion of said endoscope and transmitting the rotation of said power means to said reflecting mirror;

(f) an angle detecting means rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and delivering as an output an analog value corresponding to the rotary angle of said reflecting mirror;

(g) an A/D converter for converting the analog output delivered from said angle detecting means into a digital value;

(h) means for obtaining a deflecting signal for reproducing an ultrasonic image from the digital value delivered from said A/D converter;

(i) a brightness modulating means for transmitting an ultrasonic wave to said ultrasonic signal transducer and receiving said ultrasonic wave from said ultrasonic signal transducer to effect brightness modulation of the signal received; and

(j) means for displaying an ultrasonic image on a cathode ray tube from said deflecting signal and brightness modulating signal.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said means for obtaining a deflecting signal comprises

a nonvolatile memory having an address specified by the output delivered from said A/D converter and operative to deliver as an output a functional value of the specified address from the functional values of sin θ

and cos θ

corresponding to the deflecting angle of the ultrasonic beam stored therein; and

a deflecting signal generating circuit for generating a deflecting signal for a cathode ray tube for reproducing an ultrasonic image signal having an amplitude value which is proportional to the output value from said nonvolatile memory.

10. The apparatus according to claims 8 and 9, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a flat-shaped rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and recorded with an angular information whose record concentration is continuously changed;

and

(b) means for reading out said angular information.

11. The apparatus according to claims 8 and 9, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and provided at at least one portion with a tapering inclination;

and

(b) means for reading out angle information from a change in distance from said rotary disc.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and provided at its one portion with a tapering inclination;

(b) a light emitter and light receiver arranged in an operating portion located in the rear of an endoscope; and

(c) two optical fibers extending through a flexible portion of an endoscope and having ends opposed to said rotary disc and the other ends opposed to light emitter and light receiver, respectively.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said angular detecting means comprises

(a) a rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and provided at its one portion with a tapering inclination, said rotary disc being composed of a metal conductor;

and

(b) an eddy current detector opposed to said rotary disc.

14. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and provided at its one portion with a tapering inclination, said rotary disc being composed of a magnetized magnetic body;

and

(b) a magnetic sensor opposed to said rotary disc.

22. The apparatus according to claims 4 or 14, wherein said start pulse generating means comprises

(a) a rotary disc provided along its periphery except one portion with equally spaced apart recorded information, said one portion being provided with a recorded information which is wide in width compared to other recorded information;

(b) means for reading out said recorded information;

(c) a monostable multivibrator and delay circuit connected in parallel and supplied with said read out recorded information; and

(d) an AND circuit supplied with the output delivered from said monostable multivibrator and delay circuit.

15. A coeliac cavity ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus including a scanner portion insertable into a physical body of a patient and operative to effect a B-mode sector scan of an ultrasonic wave to produce a tomographic image, comprising

(a) an endoscope including at least an observation means and illumination means and provided at its side surface near the distal end portion thereof with an opening;

(b) an ultrasonic signal transducer fixed to the distal end portion of the endoscope for generating and transmitting ultrasonic wave radiation in a direction substantially aligned with the axial direction of an insertable portion of said endoscope;

(c) a reflecting mirror opposed to and inclined at substantially a constant angle with respect to the ultrasonic wave radiation surface of the ultrasonic signal transducer and rotatably mounted at the opening provided at the distal end of said endoscope;

(d) a power means provided in an operating portion located in the rear of said endoscope and operative to rotate said reflecting mirror;

(e) a flexible shaft extending through a flexible portion of said endoscope and transmitting the rotation of the power means to said reflecting mirror;

(f) an angle detecting means rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and generating equally spaced pulses each time said reflecting mirror is rotated by a constant angle except for one rotation of said reflecting mirror by said constant angle during each revolution thereof;

(g) an initial pulse generator circuit for producing a pulse signal from a row of pulses delivered from said angle detecting means each time said reflecting mirror is rotated by one revolution;

(h) means for obtaining a deflecting signal for reproducing an ultrasonic image from the pulse delivered from said initial pulse generator means and from the pulse delivered from said angle detecting means;

(i) a brightness modulating means for transmitting an ultrasonic wave to said ultrasonic signal transducer and receiving said ultrasonic wave therefrom and effecting brightness modulation of the signal received; and

(j) means for displaying on a cathode ray tube an ultrasonic image from said deflecting signal and said brightness modulation signal.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said means for obtaining said deflecting signal comprises

a counter for commencing counting on the basis of the pulse delivered from said initial pulse generating means and operative to be triggered by the pulse delivered from said angle detecting means;

a nonvolatile memory having addresses specified by said counter and delivering as an output functional values of the specified addresses from the functional values of sin and cos corresponding to the deflecting angle of the ultrasonic beam stored therein; and

a deflecting signal generator circuit for generating a deflecting signal for a cathode ray tube for reproducing an ultrasonic image signal having an amplitude value corresponding to the output value delivered from said nonvolatile memory.

17. The apparatus according to claims 15 or 16, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a flat-shaped rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror;

and

(b) means for reading out an information recorded on said rotary disc.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and magnetically recorded with equally spaced signals along its periphery, said signals being removed from one peripheral portion of said rotary disc;

and

(b) a magnetic head opposed to said rotary disc.

19. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and provided along its periphery with equally spaced apart gradings except at one peripheral portion thereof;

and

(b) light emitting and light receiving elements opposed to opposite side surfaces of said rotary disc, respectively.

20. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said angle detecting means comprises

(a) a rotary disc rotatable together with said reflecting mirror and provided along its periphery except at one portion with equally spaced apart gradings;

(b) a light emitter and light receiver arranged in a scannng portion located in the rear of said endoscope; and

(c) two optical fibers extending through a flexible portion of said endoscope and having ends opposed to said rotary disc and the other ends opposed to said light emitter and light receiver, respectively.

21. The apparatus according to claims 15 or 16, wherein said start pulse generating means comprises

(a) a rotary disc provided along its periphery except one portion with equally spaced apart recorded informations;

(b) means for reading out said recorded informations; and

(c) a retrigger monostable multivibrator supplied with said read out recorded informations to obtain a start pulse.