Nonpulsating IV pump and disposable pump chamber

• US 4,391,600 A
• Filed: 09/15/1980
• Issued: 07/05/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 03/09/1979
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Graseby Medical Limited
• Original Assignee: AVI Inc.
• Inventors: Archibald, G. Kent
• Primary Examiner(s): Gluck, Richard E.
• Application Number:
  US06/187,055
• Time in Patent Office: 1,023 Days
• Field of Search: 417/63, 417/474, 417/478, 417/479, 417/480, 417/510, 417/244, 92/98 D, 92/92, 128/214 F, 138/30, 138/26, 604/153
• US Class Current: 604/153
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3355 Controlling downstream pump pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14224 Diaphragm type
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/168 Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body flow control in general G05D7/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16854 by monitoring line pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/365 Air detectors A61M5/1684 takes precedence; in extracorporeal blood circuits A61M1/3626
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/021 the plate-like flexible member is pressed against a wall by a number of elements, each having an alternating movement in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the plate-like flexible member and each having its own driving mechanism
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/082 the tubular flexible member being pressed against a wall by a number of elements, each having an alternating movement in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the tubular member and each having its own driving mechanism
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 7/00 Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 9/042 the means being cams
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/12 Pressure infusion

Abstract

A small, accurate, reliable and economical pump which is particularly useful in intravenous (IV) feeding includes a disposable pump chamber and a pump housing. The disposable pump chamber has an inlet, an outlet, and first and second flexible rolling diaphragm pumping chambers. First and second cylinders in the pump housing are positioned to receive the first and second flexible rolling diaphragms of the disposable pump chamber. First and second pistons are movable in the first and second cylinders, respectively. In addition, first and second valves are provided in the pump housing. The first valve controls fluid flow between the inlet and the first flexible rolling diaphragm pump chamber, while the second valve controls fluid flow between the first flexible rolling diaphragm pumping chamber and the second flexible rolling diaphragm pumping chamber. A motor and cam shaft drive the first and second pistons and the first and second valves. The first and second valves are controlled so that one valve is closed at all times, thereby providing fail safe operation of the pump.

Claims

1. A volumetric infusion pump for pumping fluid from a source to a patient comprising:

a pump inlet for receiving fluid from the source;

a pump outlet for supplying fluid under pressure to the patient;

a pump housing having first and second cylinders therein;

a first pumping chamber including the first cylinder, a first piston movable in the first cylinder, first flexible rolling diaphragm means between the first cylinder and the first piston, a first inlet, and a first outlet, the first pumping chamber having a variable volume depending upon the position of the first piston in the first cylinder;

a second pumping chamber including the second cylinder, a second piston movable in the second cylinder, second flexible rolling diaphragm means between the second cylinder and the second piston, a second inlet connected to the first outlet, and a second outlet connected to the pump outlet, the second pumping chamber having a variable volume depending upon the position of the second piston in the second cylinder;

first valve means supported by the pump housing for controlling fluid flow between the pump inlet and the first inlet;

second valve means supported by the pump housing for controlling the fluid flow between the first outlet and the second inlet;

drive means for causing motion of the first piston in the first cylinder and motion of the second piston in the second cylinder;

valve control means for controlling the first and second valve means such that one of the first and second valve means is closed at all times; and

wherein the first and second flexible diaphragm means, the pump inlet, and the pump outlet form an integral disposable pump chamber having a sealed main fluid flow passage between the pump inlet and the pump outlet, so that fluid is pumped from the pump inlet to the pump outlet without physically contacting the pump housing, the first and second cylinders, the first and second pistons, the first and second valve means, the drive means or the valve control means.

2. The volumetric infusion pump of claim 1 wherein the drive means causes relative motion of the first cylinder and first piston and relative motion of the second cylinder and second piston such that when the volume of the first chamber is increasing the volume of the second chamber is decreasing and when the volume of the first chamber is decreasing the volume of the second chamber is increasing.

3. The volumetric infusion pump of claim 2 wherein the valve control means causes the first valve means to permit fluid flow into the first pumping chamber when the volume of the first pumping chamber is increasing, and wherein the valve control means causes the second valve means to permit fluid flow from the first chamber to the second chamber when the volume of the first chamber is decreasing and the volume of the second chamber is increasing.

4. The volumetric infusion pump of claim 1 wherein the drive means comprises:

a motor; and

a cam shaft driven by the motor and having cams for driving the first and second pistons.

5. The volumetric infusion pump of claim 4 wherein the valve control means also comprises the motor and the cam shaft, and wherein the cam shaft has cams for driving the first and second valve means.

6. The volumetric infusion pump of claim 5 wherein the motor is a stepper motor.