Transflective liquid crystal display

• US 4,398,805 A
• Filed: 07/06/1981
• Issued: 08/16/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 07/06/1981
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ametek Aerospace Products, Inc. (Ametek Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Cole, Herbert S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Corbin, John K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gallivan, Richard F.
• Application Number:
  US06/280,582
• Time in Patent Office: 771 Days
• Field of Search: 350/331 R, 350/345, 350/346, 350/349, 350/347 R
• US Class Current: 349/68
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133626 providing two modes of illumination, e.g. day-night
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133638 Waveplates, i.e. plates with a retardation value of lambda/n
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13737 in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2203/09 transflective

Abstract

A transflective liquid crystal display is viewable by either reflected or transmitted light. The display utilizes at least one display cell of the guest dichroic dye-host liquid crystal material type, wherein the molecules are substantially parallel to the cell walls and have a helical twist in the unactivated state and are oriented substantially perpendicular to the cell walls in the activated state. A partially-reflective, partially-transmissive transflector element, which is non-depolarizing, is placed adjacent to the rear of the display cell and is followed by a light-retarding element, having its retardation axis placed at an angle, typically 45° to the polarization axis of a subsequent linear-polarizing element. A light source, for use in the transmissive mode, is placed beyond the linear-polarizing element.

Claims

1. A display viewable by reflected or transmitted light, comprising:

a liquid crystal display cell having relatively low attenuation of light passing therethrough with any polarization in the activated condition and having substantial attenuation in an unactivated condition, of at least randomly and circularly polarized light of a first handedness sense passing therethrough, said cell having a first surface viewable by an observer and a second surface opposite said first surface;

transflector means adjacent to said cell second surface for reflecting back to said cell a relatively large portion of light impingent thereon from said cell and also for transmitting a relatively lesser portion of light arriving from a direction opposite from the direction of said cell;

means, placed beyond said transflector means with respect to said display cell, for linearly polarizing light in a first direction; and

means, positioned between said transflector and polarizing means, for imparting circular polarization to linearly polarized light arriving from said polarizing means and traveling toward said transflector means;

said circularly-polarizing means imparting a twist handedness sense to said light opposite to the first handedness sense in said cell in said unactivated state;

said cell appearing dark in said unactivated condition when light is transmitted or reflected by said display and appearing in a bright condition when light is transmitted or reflected through the display in the activated state.

2. The display of claim 1, further comprising a light source positioned beyond said polarizing means, with respect to said display cell.

3. The display of claim 1, wherein said circular-polarization means is a quarter-wave retarder.

4. The display of claim 3, wherein the quarter-wave retarder has optical axis aligned at an angle of 45°

with the polarization axis of said polarizing means.

5. The display of claim 1, wherein said transflector is a diffuse metallic member.

6. The display of claim 1 or 5, where said transflector means transmitted about 5% of impingent light therethrough.

7. The display of claim 1, wherein said cell includes a guest dichroic dye dissolved in a host liquid crystal material.

8. The display of claim 7, wherein said liquid crystal material is a cholesteric material.

9. The display of claim 1, wherein said transflector means is non-depolarizing.