Cutaneous methods of measuring body substances
First Claim
1. A non-invasive cutaneous method of analyzing body substrates in the body which comprisescontacting in the body of non-gaseous body substrate with an enzyme selected for the substrate being analyzed,reacting the substrate with the enzyme, anddetecting a condition of the skin without invading the body at the time of the detection as a measure of the amount of substrate in the body.
0 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Cutaneous methods for measurement of substrates in mammalian subjects are disclosed. A condition of the skin is used to measure a number of important substances which diffuse through the skin or are present underneath the skin in the blood or tissue. According to the technique, an enzyme whose activity is specific for a particular substance or substrate is placed on, in or under the skin for reaction. The condition of the skin is then detected by suitable means as a measure of the amount of the substrate in the body. For instance, the enzymatic reaction product or by-product of the reaction is detected directly through the skin as a measure of the amount of substrate. Polarographic electrodes or enzyme electrodes are employed as skin-contact analyzers in the transcutaneous measurement of oxygen or hydrogen peroxide to quantitatively determine blood substances such as glucose and alcohol. In a preferred quantitative technique, the skin is arterialized, i.e., heated or otherwise treated to arterialize the skin capillaries when the measurements are made. Colorimetric detection methods are also employed.
-
Citations
37 Claims
-
1. A non-invasive cutaneous method of analyzing body substrates in the body which comprises
contacting in the body of non-gaseous body substrate with an enzyme selected for the substrate being analyzed, reacting the substrate with the enzyme, and detecting a condition of the skin without invading the body at the time of the detection as a measure of the amount of substrate in the body.
-
17. A non-invasive cutaneous method of extracorporeally analyzing blood substrates in the body of mammalian subjects which comprises
transcutaneously contacting in the body a non-gaseous substrate with an enzyme selected for the subtrate being analyzed, reacting the substrate with the enzyme, arterializing the skin, and detecting the condition of the skin without invading the body at the time of detection as a measure of the amount of substrate in the blood.
-
20. An apparatus for non-invasively measuring body substrates in the body which comprises
means for contacting in the body a non-gaseous body substrate with an enzyme selected for the substrate being analyzed and means for detecting a condition of the skin without invading the body at the time of the detection as a measure of the amount of substrate in the body.
- 34. A detection device for analyzing body substrates in the body which comprises an enzyme immobilized in a layer for implantation in the body and for measurement of body substrates in the body without invading the body at the time of measurement while said enzyme layer is implanted.
Specification