Measuring and determination device for calculating an output determination based on a mathematical relationship between multiple different input responsive transducers

• US 4,403,296 A
• Filed: 12/18/1980
• Issued: 09/06/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Electromedics, Inc. (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Electromedics, Inc. (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Prosky, Howard S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wise, Edward J.
• Application Number:
  US06/217,656
• Time in Patent Office: 992 Days
• Field of Search: 364/573, 364/557, 73/341, 73/342, 73/359 R, 73/359 A, 73/361, 73/362 AR
• US Class Current: 702/86
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00797 measured by multiple temperature sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00815 measured by a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00821 measured by a thermocouple
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 7/00 Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat giving results other than momentary value of temperature G01K3/00 ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 7/13 Circuits for cold-junction compensation

Abstract

An electronic measuring device utilizes multiple different transducers for supplying signals exhibiting predetermined and typically nonlinear relationships to the multiple input variables sensed by the transducers. The measuring device includes a microcomputer containing stored linearizing information therein relating to the predetermined nonlinear relationship of the signals supplied by the transducers and the variables sensed by the transducers. The microcomputer linearizes each of the signals supplied by the transducers and thereby obtains highly accurate signals indicative of the variables sensed. Depending upon the ultimate determination to be obtained by the device, the linearized signals representative of the input variables may be employed in a polynomial equation calculation conducted by the computer to obtain the output determination. The polynomial equation includes a plurality of constants, and different values of the constants are stored in memory for various segments of the curve defined by the polynomial equation. The values of the constants also constitute stored linearizing information and the different values are available for use in the calculation to obtain the best accuracy of simulating the mathematical curve of the polynomial equation to the actual curve of the quantity under determination. The device is particularly useful as an electronic thermometer employing a thermocouple for measuring temperature and a thermistor for measuring the cold electrical connection junction of the thermocouple. The device is also advantageously used to measure density altitude, dew point and superheat temperature, among other things.

Claims

1. An electronic measuring device, comprising:

first transducer means for supplying a first signal having a first predetermined relationship to a first input variable sensed by said first transducer means;

second transducer means for supplying a second signal having a second predetermined relationship to a second input variable sensed by said second transducer means;

computer means including memory means containing linearizing information stored therein related to the first and second predetermined relationships;

means for selectively conducting the first and second signals from said first and second transducer means, respectively, to said computer means; and

said computer means operatively (a) calculating a first linearized signal utilizing the first signal and the stored linearizing information relating to the first predetermined relationship, and (b) calculating a second linearized signal utilizing the second signal and the stored linearizing information relating to the second predetermined relationship, and (c) calculating an output signal following a predetermined mathematical relationship of both the first and second linearized signals.

2. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 1 wherein the first and second predetermined relationships and the linearizing information relating thereto are substantially different from one another.

3. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 2 wherein at least one of the first and second predetermined relationships is nonlinear.

4. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 3 wherein the first and second predetermined relationships are both nonlinear.

5. An electronic measuring device as recited in claims 1 or 4 wherein said computer means operatively calculates the output signal based upon a predetermined nonlinear mathematical relationship of the first and second linearized signals.

6. An electronic apparatus as recited in claim 5 wherein the memory means of said computer means further includes linearizing information stored therein related to the nonlinear relationship of the first and second input variables, and said computer means operatively calculates the output signal utilizing the stored linearizing information in the memory means relating to the predetermined relationship of the first and second variables.

7. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 6 wherein:

said computer means calculates the output signal following a polynomial equation defining the relationship of the first and second input variables sensed to the output signal, the polynomial equation including at least one constant; and

the stored linearizing information relating to the nonlinear relationship of the first and second input variables comprises the value of the constant.

8. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 7 wherein the stored linearizing information relating to the nonlinear relationship of the first and second input variables comprises a plurality of different values of the constant, and each different value is applicable only with respect to a segment of a curve defined by the polynomial equation.

9. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 8 wherein:

the polynomial equation includes a set of constants, each set of constants including a plurality of constants; and

the stored linearizing information relating to the nonlinear relationship of the first and second variables comprises a plurality of different sets of constants, each set of constants applicable only with respect to a segment of a curve defined by the polynomial equation, at least one of the values of one constant of one set being different than the value of a corresponding constant of another set.

10. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 9 further comprising:

display means for displaying a visual indication of an output determination, said output determination exhibits a predetermined relationship to the output signal; and

wherein;

said computer means operatively controls said display means in accordance with the output signal.

11. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 10 wherein:

the first and second signals supplied by said first and second transducer means are each analog signals having a predetermined nonlinear relationship to the first and second input variables sensed by said first and second transducer means, respectively; and

said means operatively conducting said first and second signals to said computer means further comprises;

(a) first converter means operatively connected for receiving the first analog signal from said first transducer means and for supplying a first digital signal corresponding to the first analog signal;

(b) second converter means operatively connected for receiving the second analog signal from said second transducer means and for supplying a second digital signal corresponding to the second analog signal;

each of said first and second converter means being operative to supply the first and second digital signals to said computer means upon command from said computer means; and

said computer means is operatively connected to control said converter means by supplying command signals to said converter means.

12. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 11 wherein the first input variable to be sensed is one of a group consisting of temperature, pressure and humidity, and the second input variable to be sensed is a different one of said group.

13. An electronic measuring device as recited in claims 1 or 4 used as an electronic thermometer, wherein:

said first transducer means includes a thermocouple electrically connected at a cold junction to circuit conductors of said measuring device; and

said second transducer means includes a thermistor operatively positioned for sensing the temperature at the cold junction.

14. An electronic measuring device as recited in claim 13 further comprising probe means electrically connected by circuit conductors to said measuring device, said probe means including the thermocouple thermally attached thereto for sensing temperatures to be measured, said probe means further including the thermistor thermally attached thereto for sensing the temperature at the cold junction.

15. An electronic measuring device as recited in claims 1 or 4 wherein the first input variable to be sensed is one of a group consisting of temperature, pressure and humidity, and the second input variable to be sensed is a different one of said group.

16. An electronic thermometer, comprising:

temperature measuring means comprising a thermocouple, circuit conductors electrically connecting said thermocouple to elements of said thermometer, said thermocouple being electrically connected at a cold junction to the circuit conductors, and a temperature-variable resistive device operatively positioned for sensing the temperature at the cold junction, said temperature-variable resistive device being electrically connected to circuit conductors other than the circuit conductors to which the thermocouple is electrically connected;

means electrically connected to said thermocouple for deriving a first analog electrical signal therefrom;

means electrically connected to said temperature-variable resistive device for deriving a second analog electrical signal therefrom;

said thermocouple creating a first predetermined nonlinear relationship between the first electrical signal and the temperature experienced by said thermocouple;

said temperature-variable resistive device creating a second predetermined nonlinear relationship between the second electrical signal and the temperature experienced by said temperature-variable resistive device;

first analog to digital convertor means electrically connected to receive the first electrical signal, said first analog to digital converter means being operative in response to command signals to convert the first electrical signal into a corresponding first digital signal;

second analog to digital converter means electrically connected to receive the second electrical signal, said second analog to digital converter means being operative in response to command signals to convert the second electrical signal into a corresponding second digital signal;

computer means electrically connected to supply command signals to said analog to digital converter means and to receive the first and second digital signals form said converter means, said computer means including memory means containing linearizing information stored therein relating to the first and second predetermined relationships, said computer means operatively (a) calculating a first linearized signal utilizing the stored linearizing information relating to the first predetermined relationship and the first digital signal, and (b) calculating a second linearized signal utilizing the stored linearizing information relating to the second predetermined relationship and the second digital signal, and (c) calculating an output signal by adding the first linearized signal and the second linearized signal; and

display means for displaying a visual indication corresponding to the output signal, said display means being electrically connected to receive the output signal from said computer means.

17. An electronic thermometer as recited in claim 16 wherein said temperature-variable resistive element is a thermistor.

18. An electronic thermometer as recited in claims 16 or 17 wherein said temperature measuring means further comprises a probe having a handle and a tip cover member extending therefrom, said thermocouple including a pair of metallically dissimilar conductors electrically connected at a hot junction, the hot junction being positioned within the tip cover member, the metallically dissimilar conductors of the thermocouple being electrically connected to the circuit conductors at cold junctions in the handle, and the temperature-variable resistive element being positioned in the handle in a thermal relationship for sensing the temperature of the cold junctions.

19. Apparatus for determining density altitude, comprising:

first temperature transducer means for supplying a first signal having a first predetermined nonlinear relationship to temperature sensed by said temperature transducer means;

pressure transducer means for supplying a second signal having a second predetermined relationship to the pressure sesnsed by said pressure transducer means;

first converter means operatively connected for receiving the first signal from said temperature transducing means and for supplying a first digital signal corresponding to the first signal;

second converter means operatively connected for receiving the second signal from said pressure transducer means and for supplying a second digital signal corresponding to the second analog signal;

computer means operatively connected for receiving the first and second corresponding digital signals from said converter means, said computer means including memory means containing linearizing information stored therein relating to the first predetermined relationship, said memory means also containing linearizing information stored therein relating to at least one value of a constant of a polynomial equation defining density altitude based on a predetermined relationship between temperature and pressure, said computer means operatively (a) calculating a first linearized signal utilizing the first digital signal and the stored linearizing information relating to the first predetermined relationship, and (b) calculating an output signal in accordance with the polynomial equation representative of density altitude utilizing the stored information relating to the value of the constant in the polynomial equation and the first linearized signal and a signal related to the second digital signal; and

display means electrically connected to receive the output signal from said computer means and to visually display an indication of the output signal.

20. Apparatus as recited in claim 19 wherein:

said second predetermined relationship is nonlinear;

said memory means further contains linearizing information stored therein relating to the second predetermined relationship; and

said computer means additionally operatively (c) calculating a second linearized signal utilizing the second digital signal and the stored linearizing information relating to the second predetermined relationship, and (d) calculating the output signal utilizing the first and second linearized signals and the stored linearizing information relating to the value of the constant in the polynomial equation.

21. Apparatus as recited in claims 19 or 20 wherein:

the polynomial equation includes a set of constants, each set of constants including a plurality of constants;

the stored linearizing information relates to a value for each constant in the set, and the stored information comprises a plurality of different sets of constants, each set of constants being applicable only with respect to a segment of a curve defined by the polynomial equation, at least one constant of one set being different than the value of a corresponding constant of another set; and

wherein said computer selects one set of constants for use in the calculation according to the polynomial equation in accordance with a relationship of the signals indicative of the pressure and temperature sensed to the segments of the curve defined by the polynomial relationship.