High rate metal-sulfuryl chloride batteries

• US 4,405,693 A
• Filed: 10/05/1981
• Issued: 09/20/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 10/05/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alliant Techsystems Incorporated (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Honeywell Incorporated (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Inventors: Doddapaneni, Narayan
• Primary Examiner(s): Lefevour, Charles F.
• Application Number:
  US06/308,337
• Time in Patent Office: 715 Days
• Field of Search: 429/196, 429/101, 429/199, 429/212, 429/105
• US Class Current: 429/101
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/96 Carbon-based electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/14 Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

An electrochemical cell with a lithium anode, an electrolyte solution comprising an electrolyte salt dissolved in sulfuryl chloride and a cathode doped with a macrocyclic complex of a transition metal such as CoPc, FePc, or (CoPc)_n.

Claims

1. In an electrochemical cell having an alkali metal anode, an electrolyte salt, a sulfuryl chloride depolarizer and a cathode, the improvement comprising a dopant in said cathode, wherein said dopant is one selected from a group consisting of monomeric and polymeric phthalocyanine complexes of iron and cobalt.

2. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein said cathode consists primarily of carbon and wherein said dopant is cobalt phthalocyanine polymer.

3. The electrochemical cell of claim 2 wherein said doped cathode contains from about 0.5% to 20% cobalt phthalocyanine polymer by weight, based on carbon.

4. The electrochemical cell of claim 2 wherein said doped cathode contains from about 2% to 10% cobalt phthalocyanine polymer.

5. The electrochemical cell of any one of claims 2 3 or 4 wherein said cobalt phthalocyanine polymer is admixed with said carbon and heat treated at a temperature of at least 550°

C. for at least 2 hours such that said dopant is rendered insoluble in the electrolyte solvent.

6. The electrochemicaal cell of any one of claims 1, or 2 wherein said electrolyte salt is lithium tetrachloroaluminate.

7. The electrochemical cell of any one of claims 1, or 2 wherein said electrolyte salt is aluminum chloride.

8. The electrochemical cell of any one of claims 1, or 2 wherein said anode is lithium.

9. In an electrochemical cell having an alkali metal anode, an electrolyte salt, a sulfuryl chloride depolarizer and a primarily carbon cathode, the improvement comprising an amount of catalyst in said electrolyte wherein said catalyst is one selected from a group consisting of monomer complexes of iron phthalocyanine and cobalt phthalocyanine.

10. The electrochemical cell of claim 9 wherein the amount of said catalyst is from about 0.5 milligram of catalyst per cubic centimeter of electrolyte to about 3.0 milligrams of catalyst per cubic centimeter of electrolyte.