Power amplifier and envelope correction circuitry

• US 4,412,337 A
• Filed: 11/04/1981
• Issued: 10/25/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 11/04/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Dynamics Decision Systems, Inc. (General Dynamics Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bickley, Robert H., Genrich, Thad J., Broughton, Christopher D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Safourek, Benedict V.
• Application Number:
  US06/318,281
• Time in Patent Office: 720 Days
• Field of Search: 328/162, 328/168, 330/75, 330/149, 343/108 R, 343/102, 375/60, 375/73, 455/126, 455/146
• US Class Current: 375/297
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3247 using feedback acting on predistortion circuits H03F1/3264 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3276 using the nonlinearity inherent to components, e.g. a diode
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/34 Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback H03F1/02 - H03F1/30, H03F1/38 - H03F1/50, H03F3/50 take precedence ; for rejection of common mode signals H03F3/45479
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/198 A hybrid coupler being used as coupling circuit between stages of an amplifier circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2201/3227 Adaptive predistortion based on amplitude, envelope or power level feedback from the output of the main amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2201/3233 Adaptive predistortion using lookup table, e.g. memory, RAM, ROM, LUT, to generate the predistortion
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/0433 with linearisation using feedback

Abstract

Generating apparatus providing a preferred pulse envelope which is compared to the envelope of output pulses from a nonlinear power amplifier, the error between the two being used, along with a stored predistorted pulse, to generate an updated predistorted pulse that is utilized to modulate the input signal to the nonlinear amplifier to produce a pulse at the output thereof having the preferred envelope and to update the stored predistorted pulse.

Claims

1. A power amplifier and envelope correction circuitry comprising:

(a) a power amplifier having an output and an input;

(b) envelope generating means for generating a preferred envelope;

(c) error determining means, coupled to the output of said amplifier and to said envelope generating means, including a comparison circuit for comparing envelopes at the outputs thereof to determine errors therebetween and provide error signals representative of the difference between the compared envelopes and further including storage means for storing a previous predistorted envelope and combining circuitry for combining the error signals with the stored envelope to produce a corrected predistorted envelope; and

(d) modulating means coupled to the input of said amplifier and to receive the corrected predistorted envelope from said error determining means for modulating input signals applied to the input of said amplifier so that output signals at the output of said amplifier have an envelope substantially similar to the generated preferred envelope.

2. Correction circuitry as claimed in claim 1 wherein the envelope generating means includes a digital memory with the preferred envelope stored therein in digital form.

3. Correcting circuitry as claimed in claim 1 wherein the modulating means includes gain changing circuitry operative during predetermined portions of the envelope.

4. Correcting circuitry as claimed in claim 3 wherein the gain changing circuitry includes a pin diode reflective modulator coupled between the modulating means and the input of the amplifier.

5. Correcting circuitry as claimed in claim 1 wherein the error determining means includes a controlled resistance means for changing the gain thereof.

6. Correcting circuitry as claimed in claim 5 wherein the controlled resistance includes a field effect transistor positioned in a path of the error signals, said field effect transistor having a gate connected to be controlled by the output of the power amplifier.

7. Correcting circuitry as claimed in claim 1 wherein the error determining means includes a microprocessor.

8. A TACAN transmitter comprising:

(a) a source of RF signals;

(b) a power amplifier having an input and an output;

(c) envelope generating means for generating a preferred envelope;

(d) error determining means coupled to the output of said amplifier and to said envelope generating means for comparing envelopes at the outputs thereof and producing error signals representative of differences between envelopes at the output of said amplifier and generated preferred envelopes;

(e) storage means coupled to said error determining means for storing a previous corrected envelope and supplying the stored envelope at an output; and

(f) modulating means coupled to receive the RF signals from said source, the error signals from said error determining means and the stored envelope from said storage means for providing a pulse of RF energy having an envelope formed from the stored envelope and the error signal, said modulating means being coupled to the input of said power amplifier for supplying the pulses of RF energy thereto.

9. A TACAN transmitter as claimed in claim 8 wherein the envelope generating means and the storage means both include digital devices.

10. A TACAN transmitter as claimed in claim 8 wherein the error determining means includes an analog summing device for comparing signals at the output of the amplifier and at the output of the envelope generating means, and an analog integrator coupled to receive the signals from the summing device.

11. A TACAN transmitter as claimed in claim 10 including pedestal generating circuitry coupled to the summing device for incorporating a pedestal in the error signal and coupled to the storage means for subtracting the pedestal from the stored envelope.

12. A method of generating a train of RF pulses, each having a preferred envelope, through a non-linear power amplifier comprising the steps of:

(a) generating a preferred pulse envelope;

(b) sensing each pulse at the output of the amplifier and comparing each sensed pulse envelope to the preferred pulse envelope to determine any errors;

(c) utilizing the errors to generate predistorted pulse envelopes including storing a previously generated predistorted pulse envelope, supplying the stored pulse envelope and the errors to perform the modulating step, and using the errors to improve the stored pulse envelope for the next sequence of steps;

(d) modulating an RF signal with the predistorted pulse envelopes; and

(e) applying the modulated RF signal to the non-linear power amplifier to generate a train of RF pulses each having the preferred envelope.

13. A method of generating a train of RF pulses as claimed in claim 12 wherein the step of generating a preferred pulse envelope includes the step of storing digital representations of a plurality of points defining the preferred pulse envelope.

14. A method of generating a train of RF pulses as claimed in claim 13 wherein the step of generating a preferred pulse envelope includes the further steps of converting the stored digital representations, in a proper sequence to form the preferred pulse envelope, into an analog signal and low pass filtering the analog signal to form a smooth envelope.

15. A power amplifier and envelope correction circuitry comprising:

(a) a power amplifier having an output and an input;

(b) envelope generating means for generating a preferred envelope generally in accordance with the equation ##EQU4## where K_o =a constant chosen for a specific rise time and the envelope is truncated at approximately the first zero crossings;

(c) error determining means coupled to the output of said amplifier and to said envelope generating means for comparing envelopes at the outputs thereof to determine errors therebetween and produce a predistorted envelope from the comparison; and

(d) modulating means coupled to the input of said amplifier and to receive the predistorted envelope from said error determining means for modulating input signals applied to the input of said amplifier so that output signals at the output of said amplifier have an envelope substantially similar to the generated preferred envelope.

16. A method of generating a train of RF pulses, each having a preferred envelope, through a non-linear power amplifier comprising the steps of:

(a) generating a preferred pulse envelope generally in accordance with the equation ##EQU5## where K_o =a constant chosen for a specific rise time, and the envelope is truncated at approximately the first zero crossings;

(b) sensing each pulse at the output of the amplifier and comparing each sensed pulse envelope to the preferred pulse envelope to determine any errors;

(c) utilizing the errors to generate predistorted pulse envelopes;

(d) modulating an RF signal with the predistorted pulse envelopes; and

(e) applying the modulated RF signal to the non-linear power amplifier to generate a train of RF pulses each having the preferred envelope.