Engine cooling system with optionally communicable head cooling circuit and block cooling circuit, and method of operating the same

• US 4,413,596 A
• Filed: 08/26/1982
• Issued: 11/08/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 05/21/1980
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Hirayama, Tsutomu
• Primary Examiner(s): Cuchlinski, Jr., William A.
• Application Number:
  US06/411,804
• Time in Patent Office: 439 Days
• Field of Search: 123/41.02, 123/41.08, 123/41.09, 123/41.1, 123/41.29, 123/41.44, 123/41.72, 123/41.81, 123/41.82 R
• US Class Current: 123/41.1
• CPC Class Codes: F01P 2003/027 Cooling cylinders and cylinder heads in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: F01P 2007/146 using valves
• CPC Class Codes: F01P 2023/08 Microprocessor; Microcomputer
• CPC Class Codes: F01P 2025/30 Engine incoming fluid temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F01P 2025/32 Engine outcoming fluid temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F01P 2025/40 Oil temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F01P 7/165 characterised by systems with two or more loops
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 23/1393 characterised by the use of electric means

Abstract

An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder head formed with a cooling jacket which has an inlet and an outlet, a cylinder block formed with a cooling jacket which has an inlet and an outlet, and a radiator. A cooling system includes: a first pump for the head jacket, a second pump for the block jacket, a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the cooling fluid passing in through the block inlet, a block recirculation conduit system leading from the block outlet so as to supply cooling fluid flow to the block inlet, a main recirculation conduit system of which an upstream part is communicated to the head outlet and a downstream part is communicated to the radiator inlet, a radiator output conduit system which leads from the radiator outlet both to the head inlet and also to the block inlet and which communicates the downstream part of the block recirculation conduit system to the head inlet, a first valve for controlling flow of cooling fluid through the radiator, a flow mixing conduit which communicates a part of the main recirculation conduit system with a part of the block recirculation conduit system, a second valve for controlling flow of cooling fluid through the flow mixing conduit, and a controller which receives the signal from the sensor and which controls the first and second valves.

Claims

1. For an internal combustion engine comprising:

(a) a cylinder head formed with a head cooling jacket for cooling said cylinder head, said head cooling jacket being formed with a cylinder head inlet and a cylinder head outlet;

(b) a cylinder block formed with a block cooling jacket for cooling said cylinder block, said block cooling jacket being formed with a cylinder block inlet and a cylinder block outlet; and

(c) a radiator formed with an inlet and an outlet;

a cooling system, comprising;

(d) a first pump for impelling cooling fluid through said head cooling jacket from said cylinder head inlet towards said cylinder head outlet;

(e) a second pump for impelling cooling fluid through said block cooling jacket from said cylinder block inlet towards said cylinder block outlet;

(f) a block input fluid temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the cooling fluid which passes out through said cylinder block inlet to said block cooling jacket, and for generating a sensed block input temperature signal representative of said temperature;

(g) a block recirculation conduit system leading from said cylinder block outlet of said block cooling jacket so as to supply flow of cooling fluid, from a downstream part of said block recirculation conduit system, to said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket;

(h) a main recirculation conduit system, an upstream part of which is communicated to said cylinder head outlet of said head cooling jacket, and a downstream part of which is communicated to said inlet of said radiator;

(i) a radiator output conduit system, leading from said outlet of said radiator both to said cylinder head inlet of said head cooling jacket and also to said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket, said downstream part of said block recirculation conduit system being thereby communicated also to said cylinder head inlet of said head cooling jacket;

(j) a first control valve for controlling flow of cooling fluid through said radiator according to a radiator flow regulation signal;

(k) a flow mixing conduit which communicates a part of said main recirculation conduit system with a part of said block recirculation conduit system;

(l) a second control valve for controlling flow of cooling fluid through said flow mixing conduit according to a block flow regulation signal;

and

(m) a controller, which receives said sensed block input temperature signal from said block input fluid temperature sensor, and which produces, based thereon, said radiator flow regulation signal which is sent to said first control valve, and also said block flow regulation signal which is sent to said second control valve;

(n) whereby said controller can vary the amount of cooling operation provided for said internal combustion engine, by varying the opening amount of said first control valve, thus varying the amount of cooling fluid passing through said radiator; and

can also vary the amount of mixing between the cooling circuit for said cylinder head and the cooling circuit for said cylinder block, by varying the opening amount of said second control valve, thus varying the amount of cooling fluid passing through said flow mixing conduit.

2. A cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the flow resistance of said block recirculation conduit system, from said part thereof to which said flow mixing conduit is communicated, to said downstream part thereof, is substantially higher than the flow resistance of the series combination of (a) said main recirculation conduit system from said part thereof to which said flow mixing conduit is communicated to said inlet of said radiator;

(b) said radiator; and

(c) said radiator output conduit system from said outlet of said radiator to the part of said radiator output conduit system communicated to said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket;

whereby, the more said controller opens said second control valve, by supply of said block flow regulation signal thereto, the more of the flow of cooling fluid through said block cooling jacket will pass through said main recirculation conduit system to be cooled in said radiator, without any risk that said block jacket cooling fluid flow should pass preferentially through said block recirculation conduit system.

3. A cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said first control valve is mounted upstream of said inlet of said radiator in an intermediate part of said main recirculation conduit system which is downstream of the part of said main recirculation system to which said flow mixing conduit communicates.

4. A cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said first control valve is mounted in an intermediate part of said radiator output conduit system.

5. A cooling system according to claim 1, further comprising a heater which is supplied with cooling fluid which is diverted from an intermediate part of said block recirculation conduit system;

whereby said heater may be provided with cooling fluid which is as warm as practicable.

6. A cooling system according to claim 1, wherein said controller, depending on said sensed block input temperature signal from said block output fluid temperature sensor, either

(n) if said sensed block input temperature signal from said block input fluid temperature sensor indicates a cooling fluid temperature at said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket of less than a certain first predetermined temperature value, then simultaneously:

(n1) controls said first control valve, by said radiator flow regulation signal, so as substantially to interrupt the flow of cooling fluid through said radiator; and

(n2) controls said second control valve, by said block flow regulation signal, so as to allow a substantial flow of cooling fluid through said flow mixing conduit;

or

(o) if said sensed block input temperature signal from said block input fluid temperature sensor indicates a cooling fluid temperature at said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket of greater than said first predetermined temperature value, then simultaneously;

(o1) controls said first control valve, by said radiator flow regulation signal, so as to allow cooling fluid to flow through said radiator; and

(o2) controls said second control valve, by said block flow regulation signal, so as to allow a controlled flow of cooling fluid through said flow mixing conduit;

(p) whereby, during the warming up process of said internal combustion engine, before the cooling fluid which passes in through said cylinder block inlet to said block cooling jacket has attained said first predetermined temperature, the cooling systems for said cylinder head and for said cylinder block are substantially communicated, and no substantial cooling is provided for either by said radiator, so that the heat which is supplied to the cooling fluid within the head cooling jacket is communicated to the cooling fluid within the block cooling jacket, and both the cylinder head and the cylinder block are quickly warmed up together;

but, after said cooling fluid which passes in through said cylinder block inlet to said block cooling jacket has attained said first predetermined temperature, then according to said control performed by said controller according to action (o1) substantial cooling is provided for the cooling fluid in said head cooling jacket, while according to said control performed according to action (o2) the amount of cooling provided for the cooling fluid in said block cooling jacket is regulated;

whereby, after said internal combustion engine has been warmed up, said cylinder block may be kept substantially warmer than said cylinder head.

7. A cooling system according to claim 6, wherein said controller, in case (o1), always controls said first control valve so as to keep said first control valve fully open;

whereby, after the cooling fluid which passes in through said cylinder block inlet to said block cooling jacket has attained said first predetermined temperature, then said cylinder head is always cooled to the maximum possible amount, by the cooling action of said radiator.

8. A cooling system according to either claim 6 or claim 7, wherein in case (o) said controller so controls the opening amount of said second valve, by said block flow regulation signal, as to allow such an amount of cooling fluid to flow through said flow mixing conduit as to keep the sensed block input temperature signal produced by said block input fluid temperature sensor approximately at a level indicative of a second predetermined temperature;

whereby the temperature of said cylinder block is controlled to be substantially constant.

9. A cooling system according to claim 8, wherein said second predetermined temperature is substantially higher than said first predetermined temperature;

whereby the temperature of said cylinder block is controlled to be substantially higher than the temperature of said cylinder head.

10. A cooling system according to claim 9, wherein in case (o), if said temperature indicated by said sensed block input temperature signal is substantially higher than said second predetermined temperature, then said controller controls said second valve, by said block flow regulation signal, so as to open up said second valve wider so as to decrease its flow resistance;

and, if said indicated temperature is substantially lower than said second predetermined temperature, said controller controls said second valve so as to make said second valve more closed so as to increase its flow resistance;

whereby, by a feedback control, the cooling fluid temperature at said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket is controlled to be substantially equal to said second predetermined temperature.

11. A cooling system according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising an engine lubricating oil temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block, and for producing a lubricating oil temperature signal representative thereof, said lubricating oil temperature signal being supplied to said controller.

12. A cooling system according to either one of claims 6 and 7, further comprising an engine lubricating oil temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block, and for producing a lubricating oil temperature signal representative thereof, said lubricating oil temperature signal being supplied to said controller.

13. A cooling system according to claim 12, wherein in case (o) said controller so controls the opening amount of said second valve, by said block flow regulation signal, as to allow such an amount of cooling fluid to flow through said flow mixing conduit as to keep the sensed block input temperature signal produced by said block input fluid temperature sensor approximately at a level indicative of a second predetermined temperature, except that if the engine lubricating oil temperature signal produced by said engine lubricating oil temperature sensor is indicative of a lubricating oil temperature of the lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block of higher than a third predetermined temperature, then said controller supplies such a block flow regulation signal to said second control valve as to cause said second control valve to open to the maximum amount;

whereby the temperature of said cylinder block is controlled to be substantially constant, except that if the temperature of said lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block rises to higher than said third predetermined temperature, which is the danger temperature, then emergency cooling action is provided for said cylinder block, in order to immediately cool down said lubricating oil contained therein.

14. A cooling system according to claim 13, wherein said second predetermined temperature is substantially higher than said first predetermined temperature.

15. A cooling system according to claim 14, wherein said third predetermined temperature is substantially higher than said second predetermined temperature.

16. A cooling system according to claim 15, wherein in case (o), if said temperature indicated by said sensed block input temperature signal is substantially higher than said second predetermined temperature, and is less than said third predetermined temperature, then said controller controls said second valve, by said block flow regulation signal, so as to open up said second valve wider so as to decrease its flow resistance;

and, if said indicated temperature is substantially lower than said second predetermined temperature, said controller controls said second valve so as to make said second valve more closed so as to increase its flow resistance;

whereby, by a feedback control, the cooling fluid temperature at said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket is controlled to be substantially equal to said second predetermined temperature, except in said emergency case when the temperature of said lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block rises to higher than said third predetermined temperature which is the danger temperature.

17. A method for operating a cooling system of an internal combustion engine having:

(a) a cylinder head formed with a head cooling jacket for cooling said cylinder head, said head cooling jacket being formed with a cylinder head inlet and a cylinder head outlet;

(b) a cylinder block formed with a block cooling jacket for cooling said cylinder block, said block cooling jacket being formed with a cylinder block inlet and a cylinder block outlet; and

(c) a radiator formed with an inlet and an outlet;

said cooling system, comprising;

(d) a first pump for impelling cooling fluid through said head cooling jacket from said cylinder head inlet towards said cylinder head outlet;

(e) a second pump for impelling cooling fluid through said block cooling jacket from said cylinder block inlet towards said cylinder block outlet;

(f) a block input fluid temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the cooling fluid which passes out through said cylinder block inlet to said block cooling jacket, and for generating a sensed block input temperature signal representative of said temperature;

(g) a block recirculation conduit system leading from said cylinder block outlet of said block cooling jacket so as to supply flow of cooling fluid, from a downstream part of said block recirculation conduit system, to said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket;

(h) a main recirculation conduit system, an upstream part of which is communicated to said cylinder head outlet of said head cooling jacket, and a downstream part of which is communicated to said inlet of said radiator;

(i) a radiator output conduit system, leading from said outlet of said radiator both to said cylinder head inlet of said head cooling jacket and also to said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket, said downstream part of said block recirculation conduit system being thereby communicated also to said cylinder head inlet of said head cooling jacket;

(j) a first control valve for controlling flow of cooling fluid through said radiator according to a radiator flow regulation signal;

(k) a flow mixing conduit which communicates a part of said main recirculation conduit system with a part of said block recirculation conduit system;

(l) a second control valve for controlling flow of cooling fluid through said flow mixing conduit according to a block flow regulation signal;

and

(m) a controller, which receives said sensed block input temperature signal from said block input fluid temperature sensor, and which produces, based thereon, said radiator flow regulation signal which is sent to said first control valve, and also said block flow regulation signal which is sent to said second control valve;

(n) whereby said controller can vary the amount of cooling operation provided for said internal combustion engine, by varying the opening amount of said first control valve, thus varying the amount of cooling fluid passing through said radiator; and

can also vary the amount of mixing between the cooling circuit for said cylinder head and the cooling circuit for said cylinder block, by varying the opening amount of said second control valve, thus varying the amount of cooling fluid passing through said flow mixing conduit;

said cooling system being filled with cooling fluid;

said method comprising the processes, simultaneously performed, of;

(o) operating said first pump and said second pump;

and

(p) depending upon said sensed block output temperature signal from said block output fluid temperature sensor, performing either one or the other but not both of the following two processes (q) and (r);

(q) if said sensed block output temperature signal from said block output fluid temperature sensor indicates a cooling fluid temperature at said cylinder block outlet of said block cooling jacket of less than a certain first predetermined temperature value, then simultaneously;

(q1) controlling said first control valve, by said radiator flow regulation signal from said controller, so as substantially to interrupt flow of cooling fluid through said radiator; and

(q2) controlling said second control valve, by said block flow regulation signal, so as to allow a flow of cooling fluid through said flow mixing conduit;

(r) if said sensed block output temperature signal from said block output fluid temperature sensor indicates a cooling fluid temperature at said cylinder block outlet of said block cooling jacket of greater than said first predetermined temperature value, then simultaneously;

(r1) controlling said first control valve, by said radiator flow regulation signal from said controller, so as to allow cooling fluid to flow through said radiator; and

(r2) controlling said second control valve, by said block flow regulation signal, so as to allow a controlled flow of cooling fluid through said flow mixing conduit;

(s) whereby, during the warming up process of said internal combustion engine, before the cooling fluid which passes out through said cylinder block outlet of said block cooling jacket has attained said first predetermined temperature, the cooling systems for said cylinder head and for said cylinder block are substantially communicated, and no substantial cooling is provided for either by said radiator, so that the heat which is supplied to the cooling fluid within the head cooling jacket is communicated to the cooling fluid within the block cooling jacket, and both the cylinder head and the cylinder block are quickly warmed up together;

but, after said cooling fluid which passes out through said cylinder block outlet of said block cooling jacket has attained said first predetermined temperature, then according to process (r1) substantial cooling is provided for the cooling fluid in said head cooling jacket, while according to process (r2) the amount of cooling provided for the cooling fluid in said block cooling jacket is regulated;

whereby, after said internal combustion engine has been warmed up, said cylinder block may be kept substantially warmer than said cylinder head.

18. A method according to claim 17, wherein during process (r1) said first control valve is so controlled as to keep said first control valve fully open;

whereby, after the cooling fluid which passes out through said cylinder block outlet of said block cooling jacket has attained said first predetermined temperature, then said cylinder head is always cooled to the maximum possible amount, by the cooling action of said radiator.

19. A method according to either claim 17 or claim 18, wherein in process (r2) the opening amount of said second valve is so controlled, by said block flow regulation signal, as to allow such an amount of cooling fluid to flow through said flow mixing conduit as to keep the sensed block input temperature signal produced by said block input fluid temperature sensor approximately at a level indicative of a second predetermined temperature;

whereby the temperature of said cylinder block is controlled to be substantially constant.

20. A method according to claim 19, wherein said second predetermined temperature is substantially higher than said first predetermined temperature;

whereby the temperature of said cylinder block is controlled to be substantially higher than the temperature of said cylinder head.

21. A method according to claim 20, wherein in process (r), if said temperature indicated by said sensed block input temperature signal is substantially higher than said second predetermined temperature, then said second valve is controlled, by said block flow regulation signal, so as to open up said second valve wider so as to decrease its flow resistance;

and, if said indicated temperature is substantially lower than said second predetermined temperature, said second valve is controlled so as to make said second valve more closed so as to increase its flow resistance;

whereby, by a feedback control, the cooling fluid temperature at said cylinder block inlet of said block cooling jacket is controlled to be substantially equal to said second predetermined temperature.

22. A method according to either one of claims 17 and 18, said cooling system further comprising an engine lubricating oil temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block, and for producing a lubricating oil temperature signal representative thereof, said lubricating oil temperature signal being supplied to said controller.

23. A method according to claim 22, wherein in process (r) the opening amount of said second valve is so controlled, by said block flow regulation signal, as to allow such an amount of cooling fluid to flow through said flow mixing conduit as to keep the sensed block input temperature signal produced by said block input fluid temperature sensor approximately at a level indicative of a second predetermined temperature, except that if the engine lubricating oil temperature signal produced by said engine lubricating oil temperature sensor is indicative of a lubricating oil temperature of the lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block of higher than a third predetermined temperature, then such a block flow regulation signal is supplied to said second valve as to cause said second control valve to open to the maximum amount;

whereby the temperature of said cylinder block is controlled to be substantially constant, except that if the temperature of said lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block rises to higher than said third predetermined temperature, which is the danger temperature, then emergency cooling action is provided for said cylinder block, in order to immediately cool down said lubricating oil contained therein.

24. A method according to claim 23, wherein said second predetermined temperature is substantially higher than said first predetermined temperature.

25. A method according to claim 24, wherein said third predetermined temperature is substantially higher than said second predetermined temperature.

26. A method according to claim 25, wherein in process (r), if said temperature indicated by said sensed block input temperature signal is substantially higher than said second predetermined temperature, and is less than said third predetermined temperature, then said second valve is so controlled, by said block flow regulation signal, as to open up said second valve wider so as to decrease it flow resistance;

and, if said indicated temperature is substantially lower than said second predetermined temperature, said second valve is so controlled as to make said second valve more closed so as to increase its flow resistance;

whereby, a feedback control, the cooling fluid temperature at said cylinder block inlet input of said block cooling jacket is controlled to be substantially equal to said second predetermined temperature, except in said emergency case when the temperature of said lubricating oil contained within said cylinder block rises to higher than said third predetermined temperature which is the danger temperature.