Digital data entry glove interface device

• US 4,414,537 A
• Filed: 09/15/1981
• Issued: 11/08/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 09/15/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Grimes, Gary J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Groody, James J.
• Application Number:
  US06/302,700
• Time in Patent Office: 784 Days
• Field of Search: 340/365 R, 340/365 S, 340/365 P, 340/365 L, 340/365 C, 178/101, 178/110, 434/229, 434/231, 434/233, 434/227, 434/112, 434/117, 400/472, 400/477, 400/479
• US Class Current: 341/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/046 in a matrix array
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1114 Tracking parts of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1121 Determining geometric values, e.g. centre of rotation or angular range of movement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1125 Grasping motions of hands
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4528 Joints A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6806 Gloves
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/014 Hand-worn input/output arrangements, e.g. data gloves
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 21/009 Teaching or communicating with deaf persons G09B21/04 takes precedence; deaf and dumb persons G09B21/00

Abstract

A man-machine interface is disclosed for translating discrete hand positions into electrical signals representing alpha-numeric characters. The interface comprises a glove having sensors positioned with respect to the hand for detecting the flex of finger joints and sensors for detecting the contact between various portions of the hand. Additional sensors detect the movement of the hand with respect to a gravitational vector and a horizontal plane of reference. Further additional sensors detect the twisting and flexing of the wrist. The additional sensors are associated with prescribed mode signals which determine whether subsequently formed or priorly formed character specifying hand positions are to be entered for transmission. The alpha-numeric characters associated with the formed character specifying hand positions are transmitted only when the appropriate mode signal results. The forming and moving of the hand actuates various combinations of sensors so that electrical signals representing the specified characters are generated and transmitted.

Claims

1. A man-machine interface for translating discrete character specifying positions of a hand into electrical signals representing said characters comprising:

flex sensors positioned with respect to said hand for detecting the flexing of associated digit joints,

contact sensors positioned with respect to the digits of said hand and adapted so that a selected pair of contact sensors contact each other as said hand assumes different character specifying positions,

additional sensors positioned with respect to the digits and metacarpus of said hand for detecting hand movements,

means including said flex sensors and said contact sensors and said additional sensors responsive as said hand assumes different character specifying positions for generating electrical signals representing each of said specified characters, and

means responsive to said electrical signals from said sensors as said hand assumes said different character specifying positions for applying output signals identifying each of said specified characters to a utilization device.

2. The interface of claim 1 in which said additional sensors include:

a sensor responsive to the movements of said hand for generating output signals specifying the current position of said hand with respect to a predetermined plane of reference.

3. The interface of claim 2 in which said additional sensors further include:

a sensor responsive to the movements of said hand for generating output signals specifying the current position of said hand with respect to the gravitational vector.

4. The interface of claim 3 in which said additional sensors further include:

a mode sensor positioned with respect to said hand, said mode sensor being responsive to a predetermined hand motion for generating output signals indicating whether subsequent hand positions represent numbers or alphabet characters, and

means responsive to the receipt of a mode signal for translating subsequently received hand position signals into output signals representing numbers or alphabet characters under control of said priorly received mode signal.

5. The interface of claim 4 in which said additional sensors further include:

a clock sensor positioned with respect to said hand, said clock sensor being responsive to a predetermined hand movement for generating an output signal that causes the character associated with a priorly formed hand position to be transmitted to said utilization device.

6. The interface of claim 5 in combination with:

a hand covering means, said covering means adapted to receive the hand of a user of said interface, and

means for affixing said sensors to said covering means.

7. The interface of claim 5 or 6 in combination with:

a data register, means for applying said sensor output signals to said register, a data processor,

means for applying to said processor said signals stored in said register under control of a signal applied from said clock sensor to said processor independent of said register,

said processor being responsive to the receipt of said sensor signals for identifying each specified character, and

said processor being further responsive to the receipt of said sensor signals for transmitting output signals identifying each specified character to said utilization device.

8. A method of translating discrete character specifying positions of a user'"'"'s hand into electrical signals representing said specified characters, said method comprising the steps of:

(1) associating the phallanges of said hand with contact sensors adapted so that a different pair of said contact sensors contact each other as said user'"'"'s hand assumes said different character specifying positions,

(2) associating at least one joint of said hand with a flex sensor for detecting the flexing of the associated joint as the hand assumes certain ones of said character specifying positions,

(3) associating additional sensors with respect to said hand for detecting hand movements as said user'"'"'s hand assumes said different character specifying positions,

(4) combinationally actuating said sensors as said user'"'"'s hand assumes different character specifying positions,

(5) generating under control of said actuated sensors electrical signals representing said specified characters, and

(6) applying said generated signals to a data utilization device.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said additional sensors include:

sensors positioned with respect to the metacarpus portion of said hand for generating output signals specifying the current position of said hand with respect to a predetermined plane of reference.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein said additional sensors further include:

a sensor positioned with respect to said hand for generating output signals specifying the position of said hand with respect to the gravitational vector.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said additional sensors further include:

a mode sensor for specifying whether subsequently formed hand positions represent numbers or alphabet characters.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said additional sensors further include:

a clock sensor, said clock sensor being responsive to a predetermined hand movement for generating an output signal that effects the transmission of said signals representing said formed characters to said data utilization device.

13. The method of claim 8, or 12 in combination with the steps of:

(1) applying said signals from said sensors to a register,

(2) applying said signals in said register to a processor,

(3) translating said signals received by said processor into output signals identifying each formed character, and

(4) applying said output signals from said processor to said data utilization device.

14. A man-machine interface for translating discrete character specifying positions of a hand into electrical signals representing said characters comprising:

flex sensor means positioned with respect to said hand for generating said electrical signals in response to the flexing of the digit joints on the phallanges,

contact sensor means positioned with respect to said hand for generating said electrical signals in response to the contact between selected ones of the digits or between selected ones of the digits and the metacarpus,

a first tilt sensor means positioned with respect to said hand for generating said electrical signals in response to the movement of said hand through a horizontal plane of reference as said hand assumes different ones of said character specifying positions,

a second tilt sensor means positioned with respect to said hand for generating said electrical signals in response to the movement of said hand through a gravitational vector as said hand assumes different ones of said character specifying positions,

a first inertial sensor means positioned with respect to said hand for generating said electrical signals in response to the twisting of said hand or wrist or arm as said hand assumes different ones of said character specifying positions,

a second inertial sensor means positioned with respect to said hand for generating said electrical signals in response to the flexing of said hand or wrist as said hand assumes different ones of said character specifying positions, and

means responsive to said electrical signals from said sensors as said hand assumes said different character specifying positions for applying output signals identifying said specified characters to a data utilization device.

15. The interface of claim 14 in combination with:

a transmitting means connected to said sensors for transmitting said electrical signals from said sensors to a data register,

a storing means in said data register for storing said electrical signals from said sensors,

an applying means connected to said storing means for applying said electrical signals in said data register to a processor,

a translating means for translating said electrical signals received by said processor into output signals identifying each formed character specifying position, and

a second transmitting means for transmitting said output signals from said processor to said data utilization device.

16. The interface of claim 15 in combination with:

an individual digit and metacarpus covering means for receiving said hand of a user, and

an affixing means for attaching said sensors to said covering means.

17. A man-machine interface for translating discrete character specifying positions of a hand into electrical signals representing said characters comprising:

a first flex sensor means positioned between the distal and middle phalanx portion of the phallanges for generating said electrical signals in response to the flexing of the distal phallange joints,

a second flex sensor means positioned between the middle and proximal phalanx portion of the phallanges for generating said electrical signals in response to the flexing of the middle phallange joints,

a third flex sensor means positioned between the proximal phalanx and the metacarpus portion of said hand for generating said electrical signals in response to the flexing of the proximal phallanges joint,

a first contact sensor means positioned with respect to the tip of the distal portion of the first and third and fifth phallanges for generating said electrical signals in response to the contact between selected ones of the phallanges or between selected ones of the phallanges and the metacarpus,

a second contact sensor means positioned with respect to the distal portion of the second and third and fourth and fifth phallanges for generating said electrical signals in response to the contact between selected ones of the phallanges or between selected ones of the phallanges and the metacarpus,

a third contact sensor means positioned with respect to the middle portion of the second and third and fourth and fifth phallanges for generating electrical signals in response to the contact between selected ones of the phallanges or between selected ones of the phallanges and the metacarpus,

a fourth contact sensor means positioned with respect to the proximal portion of the second and third and fourth and fifth phallanges for generating electrical signals in response to the contact between selected ones of the phallanges or between selected ones of the phallanges and the metacarpus,

a first tilt sensor means positioned with respect to the distal portion of the first phallange for generating electrical signals in response to movement of said hand through the horizontal plane of reference as said hand assumes different ones of said different character specifying positions,

a second tilt sensor means positioned with respect to the metacarpus portion of said hand for generating electrical signals in response to the movement of said hand through the gravitational vector as said hand assumes different ones of said different character specifying positions,

a clock sensor means positioned with respect to the back portion of the metacarpus of said hand for generating electrical signals in response to the twisting motion of said hand or wrist or arm as said hand assumes different ones of said different character specifying positions,

a mode sensor means positioned with respect to the back portion of the metacarpus of said hand for generating said electrical signals in response to the flexing motion of said hand or wrist as said hand assumes said different character specifying positions,

means responsive to said electrical signals from said sensors as said hand assumes said different character specifying positions for applying output signals identifying said specified characters to a data utilization device.

18. The interface of claim 17 in combination with:

a transmitting means connected to said sensors for transmitting said electrical signals from said sensors to a data register,

a storing means in said data register for storing said electrical signals from said sensors,

an applying means connected to said storing means for applying said electrical signals under control of a signal applied from said clock sensor at the conclusion of each of said character specifying positions to a processor,

an applying means connected to said storing means for applying said electrical signals under control of a signal applied from said mode sensor independent of said data register wherein subsequent character specifying positions indicate numbers or alphabet characters to a processor,

a translating means for translating said electrical signals received by said processor into output signals identifying each formed character specifying position, and

a second transmitting means for transmitting said output signals from said processor to said data utilization device.

19. The interface of claim 18 in combination with:

an individual phallange metacarpus and wrist covering means for receiving said hand of a user, and

an affixing means for attaching said sensors to said covering means.