Enzyme electrode membrane
First Claim
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1. A method of making a 40 to 100 micron contiguous multilayer membrane suitable for use with an electrochemical sensor in the measurement of an unknown which comprises:
- providing a first polymer dissolved in an inert organic solvent and casting said polymer in solution onto an inert support surface which is unreactive with said polymer and does not form a bond to said polymer,permitting said solution to form a 1 to 10 micron dense relatively nonporous film and thereby obtain a first layer,providing a second polymer dissolved in an inert organic solvent, mixing said second polymer dissolved in solvent with a nonsolvent for said polymer and with glucose oxidase to obtain a dispersion and thereafter casting said dispersion onto said first layer, and thereafter permitting said second polymer to dry to form a second 40 to 80 micron highly porous layer less dense than the first layer,thereby forming said contiguous multilayer membrane, said layers of the membrane being fused together such that no clear distinction can be made between the layers at the boundary and the boundary between the layers is a diffusion zone.
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Abstract
A membrane for electrochemical analysis is described comprising a first, relatively dense and thin layer and a second, relatively porous thick layer, which thick layer has dispersed therethrough the enzyme, glucose oxidase. The process of making the membrane by casting two to three layers of cellulose acetate compositions is also described.
427 Citations
14 Claims
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1. A method of making a 40 to 100 micron contiguous multilayer membrane suitable for use with an electrochemical sensor in the measurement of an unknown which comprises:
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providing a first polymer dissolved in an inert organic solvent and casting said polymer in solution onto an inert support surface which is unreactive with said polymer and does not form a bond to said polymer, permitting said solution to form a 1 to 10 micron dense relatively nonporous film and thereby obtain a first layer, providing a second polymer dissolved in an inert organic solvent, mixing said second polymer dissolved in solvent with a nonsolvent for said polymer and with glucose oxidase to obtain a dispersion and thereafter casting said dispersion onto said first layer, and thereafter permitting said second polymer to dry to form a second 40 to 80 micron highly porous layer less dense than the first layer, thereby forming said contiguous multilayer membrane, said layers of the membrane being fused together such that no clear distinction can be made between the layers at the boundary and the boundary between the layers is a diffusion zone. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14)
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2. A method of making a 40 to 100 micron contiguous multilayer membrane suitable for use with an electrochemical sensor in the measurement of an unknown which comprises:
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providing a first polymer dissolved in an inert organic solvent by mixing said first polymer in solution with a nonsolvent for said polymer and with glucose oxidase to obtain a dispersion, casting said dispersion onto an inert support surface which in unreactive with said polymer and does not form a bond to said polymer, permitting said dispersion to form a 40 to 80 micron highly porous film and thereby obtain a first layer, providing a second polymer dissolved in an inert organic solvent, casting said second polymer onto said first layer and permitting said second polymer to dry to form a second 1 to 10 micron relatively nonporous layer more dense than the first layer, thereby forming said contiguous multilayer polymer membrane, said layers of the membrane being fused together such that no clear distinction can be made between the layers at the boundary and the boundary between the layers is a diffusion zone. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10)
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13. A membrane having a total thickness of about 40 to about 100 microns for use in a polarographic cell for the electrochemical analysis of an unknown comprising a first 1 to 10 micron dense relatively nonporous layer of essentially homogeneous cellulose acetate and a second 40 to 80 micron highly porous less dense layer of cellulose acetate separately fused to said first layer, said second layer containing glucose oxidase dispersed throughout, wherein the boundary between the two layers is a diffusion zone and no clear distinction can be made between the layers at the boundary.
Specification