Adaptive collision threat assessor

• US 4,417,248 A
• Filed: 06/30/1981
• Issued: 11/22/1983
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/1981
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation (Paramount Global (f/k/a ViacomCBS Inc.))
• Original Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation (Paramount Global (f/k/a ViacomCBS Inc.))
• Inventors: Mathews, Bruce D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wilbur, Maynard R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Burk, Robert C.
• Application Number:
  US06/279,497
• Time in Patent Office: 875 Days
• Field of Search: 343/16 M, 343/11 R, 343/18 E, 343/112 CA, 343/7 A, 364/423, 364/443, 364/447, 364/456, 364/460, 364/461, 364/462
• US Class Current: 342/29
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/4445 amplitude comparisons monopulse, i.e. comparing the echo signals received by an antenna arrangement with overlapping squinted beams
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/93 for anti-collision purposes

Abstract

In a monopulse radar, a system is included to adaptively assess a detected threat in accordance with the relative bearing representative measurements thereof to determine the collision potential of the threat with the radar. The monopulse radar is operative to detect at least one potential threat and to track the threat through a sequence of time increments beginning with the detection thereof. For each time increment, a signal representative of the relative bearing of the detected threat is derived, forming a sequence of relative bearing representative signals respectively corresponding to the sequence of time increments. From the derived relative bearing signals, the assessor system forms, at each of a selected number of increments, a signal representative of an adaptively updated initial approach bearing measurement of the detected threat with respect to the radar, a signal representative of an adaptively filtered estimate of an instantaneous relative bearing measurement of the detected threat with respect to the radar, and a signal representative of the level of confidence of the generated instantaneous relative bearing measurement signals. A comparison test is conducted at each of the selected number of time increments for detecting a deviation between correspondingly generated initial approach and instantaneous relative bearing measurement signals which is greater than the corresponding level of confidence signal, the event being indicative of a non-collision bearing behavior of the detected threat.

Claims

1. A monopulse radar operative to detect at least one potential threat and to track said threat through a sequence of time increments beginning with the detection thereof, wherein the improvement includes a system for assessing said detected threat adaptively in accordance with the relative bearing thereof with respect to said radar to determine the collision potential thereof with said radar, said system comprising:

means for deriving a signal representative of said relative bearing of said detected threat for each time increment to generate a sequence of relative bearing representative signals respectively corresponding to said sequence of time increments;

means for generating a first signal for each of a selected number of time increments based on a signal weighting function of said relative bearing representative signals derived for the sequence of time increments from threat detection to said corresponding selected time increment, inclusively;

means for generating a second signal for each of said selected number of time increments based on a signal weighting function of a predetermined number of most recently derived relative bearing representative signals with respect to said corresponding selected time increment;

means for generating a third signal for each of said selected number of time increments based on a function representative of the fluctuations in the relative bearing representative signals generated for the sequence of time increments from threat detection to said corresponding selected time increments, inclusively; and

means for compairing, at each of said selected number of time increments, the deviation between said correspondingly generated first and second signals with said corresponding generated third signal to determine the collision potential of said detected threat with said radar.

2. The improvement in accordance with claim 1 wherein the first signal generating means includes a means for accumulating the relative bearing representative signals derived for the sequence of time increments associated with each generated first signal to form a long term, signal weighted, mean signal for each of the selected time increments, said each formed mean signal being representative of an adaptively updated initial approach bearing measurement of the detected threat with respect to the radar.

3. The improvement in accordance with claim 1 wherein the second signal generating means inlcudes a means for accumulating the predetermined number of most recently derived relative bearing representative signals associated with each generated second signal to form a short term, signal weighted mean signal for each of the related time increments, each formed mean signal being representative of an adaptively filtered estimte of an instantaneous relative bearing measurement of the detected threat with respect to the radar.

4. The improvement in accordance with claim 1 wherein the third signal generating means includes arithmetic processing means for deriving a standard deviation signal from the generated second signals and correspondingly derived relative bearing representative signals for each of the selected time increments to form a signal representative of the level of confidence of the generated second signal for each of the selected time increments.

5. The improvement in accordance with claim 1 wherein the comparing means including means for detecting an event comprising a deviation between corresponding first and second signals which is greater than the value of the corresponding third signal, said event being indicative of a non-collision bearing behavior of the detected threat.

6. A monopulse radar operative to detect at least one potential threat and to track said threat through a sequence of time increments beginning with the detection thereof, wherein the improvement includes a system for assessing said at least one detected threat adaptively in accordance with the relative bearing thereof with respect to said radar to determine the collision potential thereof with said radar, said system comprising:

means for deriving a signal representative of said relative bearing of said detected threat for each time increment of said sequence;

first means for accumulating the relative bearing representative signals derived for the sequence of time increments from threat detection to each of a selected number of time increments to form a long term, signal weighted, mean signal for each of said selected time increments, each formed long-term mean signal being representative of an adaptively updated initial approach bearing measurement of the detected threat with respect to said radar;

second means for accumulating a predetermined number of most recently derived relative bearing representative signals with respect to each selected time increment to form a short term, signal weighted, mean signal for each of said selected time increments, each formed short-term mean signal being representative of an adaptively filtered estimate of an instantaneous relative bearing measurement of the detected threat with respect to said radar;

arithmetic processing means for deriving a standard deviation signal from said short term mean signals and correspondingly derived relative bearing representative signals for each of said selected time increments, said standard deviation signal being representative of an adaptively updated level of confidence corresponding to each form short-term mean signal; and

comparing means operative at each of said selected time increments to detect an event comprising a deviation between said correspondingly formed long and short-term mean signals which is greater than said correspondingly derived standard deviation signal, said event being indicative of a non-collision bearing behavior of said detected threat.

7. The improvement in accordance with claim 6 wherein the monopulse radar includes means for generating centroided sum and difference signals for each detected potential threat k for each time increment t of the sequence, said centroided sum and difference signals being denoted as:

Σ

_kt and Δ

_kt, respectively.

8. The improvement in accordance with claim 7 wherein the first means includes:

means for accumulating the centroided sum and difference signals, separately, for each time increment a in accordance with the following equations;

##EQU4## where Σ

_ka and Δ

_ka represent accumulated values of the centroided sum and difference signals, respectively, for each time increment a of the sequence; and

means for generating each long term mean signal by dividing each accumulated value Δ

_ka with said accumulated value Σ

_ka for each time increment a of the sequence.

9. The improvement in accordance with claim 7 wherein the second means includes:

means for accumulating the three most recently generated centroided sum and difference signals, separately, with respect to the corresponding time increment t in accordance with the following formulas;

##EQU5## respectively, where Σ

_ki and Δ

_ki represent generated centroided sum and difference signals for time increment i, and t-2, t-1 and t represent the three most recent time increments with respect to the corresponding time increment t; and

means for generating the short-term mean signal by dividing the accumulated difference signal Δ

_kt by the accumulated sum signal Σ

_kt for each time increment t in the sequence.