Abrasion-resistant laminate

• US 4,430,375 A
• Filed: 04/15/1983
• Issued: 02/07/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 01/10/1977
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nevamar Co. LLC (International Paper Company)
• Original Assignee: Nevamar Co. LLC (International Paper Company)
• Inventors: Ungar, Israel S., Scher, Herbert I.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dixon, Jr., William R.
• Application Number:
  US06/485,521
• Time in Patent Office: 298 Days
• Field of Search: 428/148, 428/149, 428/150, 428/172, 428/207, 428/329, 428/331, 427/180, 427/267, 427/280, 427/288
• US Class Current: 428/148
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2305/30 Fillers, e.g. particles, powders, beads, flakes, spheres, chips
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/554 Wear resistance
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2317/12 Paper, e.g. cardboard
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 38/08 Impregnating
• CPC Class Codes: B41M 7/0036 using protective coatings or layers dried without curing
• CPC Class Codes: B44C 5/0476 with abrasion resistant properties
• CPC Class Codes: D21H 27/28 treated to obtain specific resistance properties, e.g. against wear or weather water-repelling agents D21H21/16
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24413 Metal or metal compound
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24421 Silicon containing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2443 Sand, clay, or crushed rock or slate
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24612 Composite web or sheet
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24901 including coloring matter
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/257 Iron oxide or aluminum oxide
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/259 Silicic material

Abstract

An abrasion-resistant laminate is prepared by providing an ultra thin coating of mineral particles and micro crystalline cellulose on the surface of conventional printed paper, followed by impregnating the paper with a conventional laminating resin, and then using the print paper so obtained in a laminating process without the necessity of using an overlay sheet.

Claims

1. A decorative sheet for use in the preparation of decorative laminates of high abrasion resistance, comprising:

a decorative paper sheet substrate, and an ultra-thin abrasion resistant porous coating over said decorative substrate, said ultra-thin abrasion resistant coating comprising a mixture of (1) an abrasion resistant hard mineral of particle size 20-50 microns in high concentration sufficient to provide an abrasion resistant layer without interfering with visibility and (2) binder material for said mineral compatible with a thermosetting laminating resin selected from the group consisting of melamine-formaldehyde resin and polyester resin, and being impregnable with said laminating resin, said binder material being present in an amount sufficient to bind and stabilize said abrasion resistant mineral to the surface of said paper sheet.

2. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1 impregnated with a thermosetting laminating resin selected from the group consisting of polyester resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin.

3. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1 wherein said binder material comprises predominantly microcrystalline cellulose.

4. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1 wherein said abrasion resistant mineral is alumina, silica or mixtures thereof.

5. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1 impregnated with melamine resin, wherein said abrasion resistant mineral is alumina, silica or mixtures thereof, and said binder is microcrystalline cellulose, said ultra-thin coating having a thickness of 0.02-0.3 mils, said coating comprising 5 to 10 parts by weight of said microcrystalline cellulose for about 20-120 parts by weight of said mineral.

6. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1 impregnated with melamine resin, wherein said abrasion resistant mineral is alumina, silica or mixtures thereof, and said binder material comprises microcrystalline cellulose, said ultra-thin coating having a thickness of about 0.02-0.3 mils, said coating comprising at least 5 parts by weight of said microcrystalline cellulose for about 20-120 parts by weight of said mineral.

7. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 6 wherein said coating further comprises 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of a silane based on the weight of said mineral.

8. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1, wherein said ultra-thin layer has a maximum calculated thickness of about 0.3 mils.

9. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1, wherein said ultra-thin layer has a miximum thickness after pressing of about 0.3 mils.

10. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1 impregnated with a thermosetting laminating resin.

11. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1 wherein said binder material comprises a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose.

12. A decorative sheet in accordance with claim 1 wherein the quantity by weight of said binder material in said abrasion resistant coating is no greater than the quantity by weight of said mineral therein.

13. A method of producing a decorative sheet for use in the manufacture of decorative laminates, comprising:

providing a substrate sheet having a decorative appearance and formed of a porous material;

coating said decorative sheet with an ultrathin wet layer of a mixture of (1) an abrasion resistant hard mineral of particle size 20-50 microns in quantities sufficient to provide an abrasion resistant layer without interfering with visibility, and (2) binder material for said mineral, which binder material has the properties of being capable of withstanding heat and pressure, and being compatible with a thermosettable resin, said binder being present in an amount sufficient to bind said abrasion resistant mineral to the surface of said decorative sheet, and the binder-mineral layer in the dry state being permeable to said thermosettable resin;

drying said coated binder coated material mixture at a temperature sufficient to enhance the bonding of said abrasion resistant mineral by said binder material to said decorative sheet, to provide a porous, ultra-thin, dry layer of said binder-mineral mixture thereon.

14. A method according to claim 13 wherein said binder material comprises microcrystalline cellulose and the drying thereof is effected at a temperature of at least about 140°

F.

15. Process for the production of a decorative paper sheet having an enhanced abrasion-resistant surface, using abrasion-resistant, finely particled, mineral material and binder, the improvement wherein a wet, thin layer of a mixture of the abrasion-resistant, finely particled mineral and a binder material thereof, which in a dry state is permeable to thermosetting paper impregnating resin, is compatible therewith and is stable under impregnating and laminating conditions, is coated on the paper sheet and the sheet is dried.