Method of and apparatus for determining very accurately the position of a device inside biological tissue

• US 4,431,005 A
• Filed: 05/07/1981
• Issued: 02/14/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 05/07/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: MBO Laboratories Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Mccormick Laboratories, Inc.
• Inventors: McCormick, William
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hanley, John C.
• Application Number:
  US06/261,531
• Time in Patent Office: 1,013 Days
• Field of Search: 128/737, 128/207.14, 128/653, 128/654, 128/656, 128/658, 324/243, 324/233, 340/551
• US Class Current: 600/433
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2051 Electromagnetic tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/06 Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies for removing same A61B17/50 ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/062 using magnetic field
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/04 Tracheal tubes catheters in general A61M25/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0411 with means for differentiating between oesophageal and tracheal intubation
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 3/105 forming directly coupled primary and secondary coils or loops

Abstract

A method of and apparatus for determining very accurately the position of a device inside biological tissue comprising a detecting instrument with a probe, which probe generates a small magnetic field which can be disturbed by a magnetically permeable metal in the device inside the tissue when a narrow end of the probe is positioned immediately adjacent to tissue containing the metal, whereby after the metal-carrying device is inserted in the tissue, the end of the probe is used to precisely locate the device by scanning the tissue until the magnetic field is disturbed which causes the instrument to emit a signal.

Claims

1. A method for determining accurately the position of a device inside biological tissue comprising:

placing magnetically permeable metal on the device to be detected

creating a balanced field by means of a probe, said field becoming disturbed when metal having magnetic permeability is disposed within said field,

directing said probe towards the biological tissue containing the device so that a portion of the field penetrates a surface area of the biological tissue,

scanning said probe until said field becomes disturbed,

generating a signal by a circuit attached to said probe when said field becomes disturbed, and

marking the surface of the biological tissue beneath which said field becomes disturbed by moving a removable slide on said probe to the tissue surface area where said field becomes disturbed while said probe is in place, removing said probe while holding said slide on the surface area, and marking the surface area using said slide as a guide.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein creating a field involves generating a magnetic field by a coil disposed in said probe.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said probe is cylindrical whereby directing said probe includes directing a narrow front end of said probe towards the biological tissue which contains the device.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein generating a signal comprises using the disturbed field to create an audible signal, the frequency of which increases with increasing disturbance of the field.

5. An improved apparatus for determining accurately the position of a device inside biological tissue, the apparatus having a means for generating a balanced field, means for detecting when the field is disturbed, said field being disturbed by the presence of the device in said field, and a circuit means for driving said field-generating means and generates a signal when said field is disturbed, wherein the improvement comprises:

a probe,

said probe containing said field-generating means and said field detecting means, and,

a means for marking the surface of the biological tissue beneath which said field becomes disturbed,

said means for marking comprising a movable slide which fits around said probe, said slide being movable along said probe and onto the adjacent tissue, so that when said probe is removed said slide acts as a guide for marking the tissue area.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said probe is a cylinder.

7. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said probe is attached to said circuit means by a flexible cable.

8. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said probe is attached to said circuit means by a releasable connector means, which connector means permits said probe to be detached from said circuit means.

9. The apparatus of claim 5 further comprising an audio signal means for generating an audio signal when said field is disturbed.