Current amplifying apparatus

• US 4,431,960 A
• Filed: 11/06/1981
• Issued: 02/14/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 11/06/1981
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Energy Compression Research Corporation
• Original Assignee: FDX Patents Holding Company NV
• Inventors: Zucker, Oved S. F.
• Primary Examiner(s): SHOOP JR, WILLIAM M
• Application Number:
  US06/319,065
• Time in Patent Office: 830 Days
• Field of Search: 323/340, 323/342, 323/343, 323/355, 323/358, 323/359, 323/360
• US Class Current: 323/340
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 29/02 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 29/06 with current collector gliding or rolling on or along winding
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 6/005 Methods and means for increasing the stored energy in superconductive coils by increments (flux pumps)
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/17 in an electric power conversion, regulation, or protection system
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 174/24 in an inductive device, e.g. reactor, electromagnet
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 505/869 Power supply, regulation, or energy storage system

Abstract

Disclosed is a reversible inductive energy transfer device for use where efficient transfer of energy between inductors is required. The apparatus is a current amplifying device which utilizes an induction coil comprising a plurality of series connected induction elements, the induction coil being connected in series with a current source and a load. The series connected induction elements are progressively connected in series with the induction coil across the load beginning at the end of the induction coil electrically distal from the load and ending at the end of the induction coil electrically nearest the load. Adjacent induction elements are progressively connected to the load in a make-before-break manner. The connection may be made either by a sliding contact which makes electrical contact with electrical taps located along the induction coil by means of superconducting switches or semiconductor switches. The storage inductor may also be superconducting.

Claims

1. An energy transfer, current amplifying device comprising:

an inductor coil comprising a plurality of inductor elements for storing magnetic energy;

an energy source switchably connected to a first side of said inductor coil for supplying an energizing current to said coil;

a load inductor, a first side of which is connected to said inductor coil and operable to receive current flowing in said inductor coil;

contact means operable to effectively connect said first side of said inductor coil to said load inductor to form a current carrying circuit between said inductor coil and load inductor and to thereafter progressively disconnect at least some of said elements of said inductor coil from said circuit, thereby increasing the magnitude of the current in said circuit.

4. The energy transfer, current amplifying device of claims 1 or 2, wherein said contact means is also operable to progressively transfer energy from the load inductor to the inductor coil.

6. The current amplifier of claim 4, wherein said contact means comprises means for progressively connecting a first inductor element of said inductor coil to said load inductor, then connecting a second inductor element of said inductor coil immediately adjacent said first inductor element to said load inductor followed by disconnecting said first inductor element from said load inductor while leaving said second inductor element connected to said load inductor.

7. The current amplifier of claim 1, wherein the inductor coil is directly coupled to the load inductor.

8. The current amplifier of claim 1, wherein the inductor coil is magnetically coupled to the load inductor.

9. The current amplifier of claim 8, wherein the inductor coil is magnetically coupled to the load inductor by a transformer.

15. The current amplifier of claim 7, wherein said contact means comprises means for progressively contacting a first inductor element of said inductor coil to said load inductor, then connecting a second inductor element of said inductor coil immediately adjacent said first inductor element to said first inductor element concurrently with connecting both of said first and second inductor elements to said load inductor followed by disconnecting said first inductor element from said load inductor while leaving said second inductor element connected to said load inductor.

2. An energy transfer, current amplifying device comprising:

an inductor coil comprising a plurality of inductor elements for storing magnetic energy;

an energy source switchably connected to a first side of said inductor coil for supplying an energizing current to said coil;

a load inductor coupled to said inductor coil and operable to receive a current proportional to the current flowing in said inductor coil;

contact means operable to form a closed circuit effectively coupling a side of said inductor coil to said load inductor and to progressively disconnect at least some of said elements of said inductor coil from said circuit, thereby increasing the magnitude of the current in said circuit.

10. The current amplifier of claim 2 wherein the inductor coil is magnetically coupled to the load inductor.

11. The current amplifier of claim 7, 8, 3 or 10 wherein said contact means is a sliding contact.

12. The current amplifier of claim 7 or 9, 3 or 10 wherein said contact means is a switch means.

13. The current amplifier of claim 7, 9 or 10 wherein said inductor elements each have an associated tap cooperating with said contact means.

17. The current amplifier of claim 12, wherein said switch means is a mechanical switching means.

18. The current amplifier of claim 12, wherein said switch means is an electromechanical switching means.

19. The current amplifier of claim 12, wherein said switch means is a semiconductor switching means.

20. The current amplifier of claim 12, wherein said inductor coil is a superconducting coil and said switch means is a superconducting switching means.

21. The current amplifier of claim 12, wherein said inductor coil is non-superconducting and said switch means is a superconducting switch means.

22. The current amplifier of claim 12, wherein said inductor coil is superconducting and said switch means is a non-superconducting switch means.

24. The current amplifying apparatus of claim 19 including means disposed intermediate said second conductors for shearing said coil conductors.

25. The current amplifying apparatus of claim 24, wherein said means for progressively connecting portions of said coil conductor to said plurality of second conductors comprises a detonatable explosive charge disposed along the length of said inductor coil and adapted to be detonated beginning generally adjacent said first end of said coil whereby said inductor coil is caused to progressively make electrical contact with said second conductors and said means for shearing said coil.

3. An energy transfer, current amplifying device comprising:

an inductor coil (500) comprising a plurality of inductor elements for storing magnetic energy;

an energy source switchably connected to said inductor coil for supplying an energizing current to said coil;

a load inductor (530) coupled to said inductor coil for receiving energy from said inductor coil;

said load inductor being coupled to said inductor coil by an energy transfer means (520) including contact means (510) operable to progressively transfer the energy from said inductor coil to said load inductor to thereby progressively increase the magnitude of a current flowing in said load inductor.

5. The energy transfer, current amplifying device of claim 3, wherein said energy transfer means is also operable to progressively transfer energy from the load inductor to the inductor coil.

14. The current amplifier of claim 3, wherein said energy transfer means comprises a transformer having at least a secondary winding and a primary winding and wherein said primary winding comprises a second plurality of inductor elements, each of which have an associated tap means for cooperating with said contact means.

16. The current amplifier of claim 14, wherein said contact means comprises means for progressively connecting a first inductor element of said primary winding to said inductor coil, then connecting a second inductor element of said primary winding immediately adjacent said first inductor element of said primary winding to said first inductor element of said primary winding concurrently with connecting both of said first and second inductor elements of said primary winding to said inductor coil followed by disconnecting said inductor coil from said first inductor element of said primary winding and leaving said second inductor element of said primary winding connected to said inductor coil.

23. A current amplifying apparatus comprising:

a current source;

an inductor coil comprising a plurality of individual induction elements, said inductor coil having a first end and a second end, and a longitudinal axis;

a first conductor having one end switchably connected by means of a first switch to said first end of said inductor coil, said first conductor being disposed substantially coaxially with the longitudinal axis of said inductor coil, a second end of said first conductor being switchably connected to said current source to transfer energy from said current source to said inductor coil;

a load switchably connected by means of said first switch, between said inductor coil and said first conductor;

a plurality of second conductors disposed circumferentially about said first conductor and radially spaced therefrom, said second conductors being disposed generally parallel to said longitudinal axis of said inductor coil;

means for electrically connecting each of said plurality of second conductors to said first conductor thereby providing a current path through said second conductors; and

means for progressively connecting said induction coil elements to said plurality of said second conductors starting at a position generally adjacent to said first end of said inductor coil and progressing towards said second end of said inductor coil to thereby progressively disconnect said induction elements from said first conductor and increasing the current in the remaining induction elements of said inductor coil.

26. A process of amplifying a current comprising the steps of:

providing electrical energy to an inductor coil comprising a plurality of closely coupled inductor elements for storing magnetic energy;

connecting the inductor coil in a circuit with a load inductor; and

progressively transferring the magnetic energy stored in the inductor elements to said load inductor.

27. The method of claim 26 including the step of directly coupling a first side of said load inductor to said inductor coil.

28. The method of claim 26 including the step of magnetically coupling, with a transformer, said load and inductor coil.

29. The method of claim 27 wherein the step of progressively transferring further comprises the step of disconnecting serially connected individual inductor elements of a primary winding of said transformer from said inductor coil.

30. The method of claim 27, wherein the step of progressively transferring further comprises progressively and sequentially disconnecting said inductor elements from said circuit.

31. The process for amplifying a current as claimed in claim 30, wherein said step of progressively electrically disconnecting individual inductor elements of said inductor coil from said circuit comprises:

connecting a first inductor element of said inductor coil to a side of said load inductor electrically distal from said inductor coil;

connecting said first inductor element to a second inductor element immediately adjacent said first inductor element concurrently with connecting both said first and said second inductor elements to said side of said load inductor, said second inductor element being electrically closer to said load inductor than said first inductor element; and

disconnecting said first inductor element from said load inductor while continuing to connect said second inductor element to said load inductor.

32. The process for amplifying a current as claimed in claim 29, wherein said step of progressively electrically disconnecting individual inductor elements of said primary winding comprises:

connecting a first inductor element of said primary winding to a side of said inductor coil;

connecting said first inductor element to a second inductor element immediately adjacent said first inductor element concurrently with connecting both said first and said second inductor elements to said inductor coil; and

disconnecting said first inductor element from said inductor coil while continuing to connect said second inductor element to said inductor coil.

33. The method of claim 26 further comprising the step of reversing the connecting of said stored energy to said load for transferring energy from said load inductor to said inductor coil.

34. A process of amplifying a current comprising the steps of:

passing an electric current through a plurality of series connected, mutually coupled inductor elements to thereby store magnetic energy therein;

electrically connecting a load inductor to said inductor elements; and

progressively transferring the magnetic energy stored in said inductor elements to said load inductor by sequentially disconnecting mutually coupled inductor elements from said load inductor.

35. The process of claim 34, wherein said inductor elements are sequentially disconnected in a make before brake switching operation whereby current flowing to the load inductor is increased.

36. The process of claim 35, including the step of progressively transferring energy from the load inductor to the inductor elements by reversing the switching operations.