Control system for hydrogen generators

• US 4,436,793 A
• Filed: 09/29/1982
• Issued: 03/13/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 09/29/1982
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Engelhard Corporation (BASF SE)
• Original Assignee: Engelhard Corporation (BASF SE)
• Inventors: Adlhart, Otto J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Skapars, Anthony
• Application Number:
  US06/426,324
• Time in Patent Office: 531 Days
• Field of Search: 429/13, 429/17, 429/19, 429/21-25, 204/DIG. 4, 204/DIG. 3, 204/129
• US Class Current: 429/421
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/065 by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0656 by electrochemical means H01M8/065 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

A control system for a hydrogen generator having a consumable anode, a cathode and an aqueous electrolyte therebetween. The system includes a circuit means which enables electrical current to pass between the anode and cathode in addition to the electrolyte. A control means in the circuit means can be regulated to selectively enable current to pass through the circuit means to produce hydrogen.

In a further embodiment of the system, a hydrogen consuming device is made part of the system. An output of the consuming device is monitored and when it reaches a predetermined level, the control means, in response thereto, automatically enables the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen and feed it to the consuming device. The control means disables the hydrogen generator when its hydrogen requirements are met.

Claims

1. A system for controlling the generation of hydrogen upon demand comprising:

(a) a hydrogen generator means of the type which relies at least partially on the process of anodic corrosion to generate hydrogen having an anode, a cathode and an aqueous electrolyte therebetween and a circuit means for enabling electrical circuit to pass between the anode and cathode in addition to the electrolyte,

(b) a hydrogen consuming device for receiving and utilizing hydrogen produced by the hydrogen generator means, and

(c) a controller means for regulating the passage of current through the circuit means in response to demand for hydrogen by the consuming device

whereby hydrogen is automatically generated and provided to the consuming device only as required by the consuming device.

2. The system as in claim 1 wherein the controller regulates the passage current through the circuit means in response to a measurable output of the consuming device which is indicative of a need for additional hydrogen for operating the consuming device in the manner desired.

3. The system as in claim 2 wherein the measurable output of the consuming device is electrical energy.

4. The system as in claim 3 wherein the measurable output of the consuming device is a level of voltage.

5. The system as in claim 3 wherein the measurable output of the consuming device is a level of current.

6. The system as in claim 3 wherein the measurable output of the consuming device is a level of pressure.

7. The system as in claim 3 wherein the measurable output of the consuming device is a temperature.

8. The system as in claim 1 wherein the hydrogen generator means anode material includes magnesium, aluminum or alloys of magnesium or aluminum.

9. The system as in claim 1 wherein the hydrogen generator means cathode material is steel.

10. The system as in claim 1 wherein the hydrogen generator means electrolyte is salt water.

11. The system as in claim 1 wherein the hydrogen generator means is a replaceable cartridge.

12. The system as in claim 2 wherein the consuming device is a fuel cell means.

13. The system as in claim 12 wherein the fuel cell means is a stack of fuel cells containing more than one individual fuel cell, one cell of which is a control cell, and the electrical energy output of the control cell is used as measurable output.

14. The system as in claim 13 wherein the distribution of hydrogen in the stack enables the output of electrical energy of the control cell to lessen prior to the electrical output of the other individual cells in the stack.

15. The system as in claim 14 wherein the electrical output of the control cell is dedicated to the controller means.

16. The system as in claim 12 wherein the measurable output of the fuel cell means is the electrical energy output thereof.

17. The system as in claim 12 wherein the measurable output of the fuel cell means is the pressure of the hydrogen fuel therein.

18. The system as in claim 12 wherein the measurable output of fuel cell means is the temperature thereof.

19. A system for controlling the generation of hydrogen comprising:

(a) a hydrogen generator means of the type which relies at least partially on the process of anodic corrosion to generate hydrogen having an anode, a cathode and an aqueous electrolyte therebetween and a circuit means for enabling electrical current to pass between the anode and cathode in addition to the electrolyte,

(b) a hydrogen consuming device for receiving and utilizing hydrogen produced by the hydrogen generator means, and

(c) a controller means for regulating the passage of current through the circuit means to provide hydrogen to the consuming device.

20. A system for controlling the generation of hydrogen comprising:

(a) a hydrogen generator means of the type which relies at least partially on the process of anodic corrosion to generate hydrogen having an anode, a cathode and an aqueous electrolyte therebetween and a circuit means for enabling electrical current to pass between the anode and cathode in addition to the electrolyte,

(b) a hydrogen storage device for receiving storing hydrogen produced by the hydrogen generator means, and

(c) a controller means for regulating the passage of current through the circuit means to provide hydrogen to the storage device.

21. A controller system for regulating a hydrogen generator of the type that relies at least partially on the process of anodic corrosion to produce hydrogen having an anode, a cathode and an aqueous electrolyte therebetween comprising:

(a) controller input means for receiving a signal that hydrogen is desired to be generated,

(b) controller circuit means for enabling electrical current to pass between the anode and cathode in addition to the electrolyte, and

(c) controller output means for regulating the circuit means to enable the passage of current therethrough in response to a signal being received by the controller input means.

22. The controller system as in claim 21 wherein the controller output means completes the circuit means in response to a signal being received by the controller input means.

23. The controller system as in claim 21 wherein the controller output means includes a rheostat means.

24. The controller system as in claim 23 wherein the controller input means is a manual means operatively connected to the rheostat means.

25. A method for a hydrogen consuming device to directly regulate the formation of hydrogen by its associated hydrogen generator of the type which at least partially relies on the process of anodic corrosion to produce hydrogen having an anode, a cathode, an aqueous electrolyte therebetween and a circuit means for enabling the passage of electrical current between the anode and cathode in addition to the electrolyte comprising:

(a) monitoring a measurable output of the consuming means,

(b) determining that the output is at predetermined level, and

(c) enabling the passage of current through the circuit means in response to the output being at the predetermined level.

26. A method for efficiently operating a hydrogen consuming system having a hydrogen consuming means and an associated hydrogen generator comprising:

(a) producing and supplying hydrogen to the consuming means by a hydrogen generator of the type which relies at least partially on the process of anodic corrosion to produce hydrogen having an anode, a cathode, and aqueous electrolyte therebetween and a circuit means for enabling and disabling electrical current to pass between the anode and cathode in addition to the electrolyte,

(b) monitoring the consuming means to determine when it is in need of additional hydrogen,

(c) disabling the operation of the fuel generator by prohibiting the passage of current through the circuit means when the consuming means does not need hydrogen, and

(d) enabling the operation of a hydrogen generator by allowing the passage of current through the circuit means when the consuming means does need hydrogen.

27. The method in claim 26 wherein the enabling step includes adjusting the amount of current allowed to pass through the circuit means to produce a hydrogen at a given rate.