Crystallographically-oriented spatially-dispersed conductive fiber electrode
First Claim
1. An electrode for electrochemical stripping analysis, comprising a core of a plurality of generally uniformly oriented and laterally spatially displaced electrically conductive fibers having a crystallographic structure of conducting planes of greatest electrical conductivity extending parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the fiber, an electrically insulating bonding material connected to and substantially completely filling the lateral spaces throughout the core between the laterally spatially displaced fibers and bonding the fibers into the core,an electrode face extending generally transversely with respect to and intersecting the ends of the fibers to maximumly expose the ends of the conducting planes for electron flow at the electrode face, andan electrical conductor directly electrically connected to each fiber at the other end of each fiber opposite of the electrode face, each fiber extending continuously between its ends at the electrode face and at the electrical conductor.
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Abstract
An electrode for use in electrochemical reactions such as electrochemical stripping analysis comprises a plurality of generally parallelly oriented and laterally spatially displaced electrically conductive fibers which are separated and held in a core by electrically insulating bonding material which substantially completely fills the lateral spaces between the fibers. The fibers, preferably carbon fibers, have a crystallographic structure of a plurality of maximum electrical conducting planes extending generally parallel to the fiber. The bonding material is substantially electrically insulating and may be a polyester or epoxy resin. The electrode is formed by saturating a plurality of fibers with fluid resin bonding material, compressing the resin saturated fibers by passing them through a form, allowing the bonding material to harden and forming an electrode face on the resulting core which extends transversely with respect to the fibers to maximumly expose the conductivity planes of the fibers at the electrode face.
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Citations
12 Claims
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1. An electrode for electrochemical stripping analysis, comprising a core of a plurality of generally uniformly oriented and laterally spatially displaced electrically conductive fibers having a crystallographic structure of conducting planes of greatest electrical conductivity extending parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the fiber, an electrically insulating bonding material connected to and substantially completely filling the lateral spaces throughout the core between the laterally spatially displaced fibers and bonding the fibers into the core,
an electrode face extending generally transversely with respect to and intersecting the ends of the fibers to maximumly expose the ends of the conducting planes for electron flow at the electrode face, and an electrical conductor directly electrically connected to each fiber at the other end of each fiber opposite of the electrode face, each fiber extending continuously between its ends at the electrode face and at the electrical conductor.
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8. An electrode for electrochemical stripping analysis, and having an electrode face at which to perform the electrochemical reactions during the stripping analysis, comprising:
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a plurality of uniformly oriented and laterally spatially displaced carbon fibers, each carbon fiber having paths of greatest electrical conductivity along its length defined by a crystallographic structure of each fiber having parallel conducting planes extending generally parallel to the longitudinal dimension of the fiber; an electrical insulating resin material substantially completely surrounding each fiber and filling the lateral volume between the fibers and bonding the fibers permanently into a core; a polished surface on the core intersecting substantially perpendicularly all of the fibers at ends thereof and substantially maximumly exposing the ends of the conducting planes of the fibers for electron flow at the polished surface, the polished surface defining the electrode face; and an electrical insulating jacket surrounding the core and confining electrochemical reactions substantially only to the electrode face; and electrical connection means for directly conducting current to the ends of all of the fibers which are opposite the ends of the electrode face, each fiber extending continuously between the electrical connection means and the electrode face. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10)
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Specification