Occlusion detection apparatus and method

• US 4,444,546 A
• Filed: 09/19/1980
• Issued: 04/24/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 09/19/1980
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Oximetrix, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Oximetrix, Inc.
• Inventors: Pazemenas, Vytas V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Apley, Richard J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Yanulis, George
• Application Number:
  US06/188,618
• Time in Patent Office: 1,313 Days
• Field of Search: 128/214 R, 128/214 E, 128/214 F, 222/63, 222/637, 222/638, 222/639, 222/642, 222/643, 417/12, 417/18, 417/44, 417/45, 417/63
• US Class Current: 417/12
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16831 Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies low-level float-valves causing cut-off A61M5/40; indicating or recording presence, absence or direction of flow in general G01P13/0066

Abstract

An improved occulsion detection apparatus and method for use in a pumping apparatus wherein a motor control sequencer provides signals adapted to rotate the shaft of a motor and a pump mechanism through a pumping cycle. The motor is advantageouly initially operated at a first higher torque to insure proper starting of the pumping cycle and is subsequently operated at a second lower torque through the remainder of the pumping cycle, the motor stalling if an occlusion within a fluid delivery system causes the back pressure within the delivery system to exceed the torque capabilities of the motor. An occulsion detector times the pumping cycle and if the cycle exceeds a first predetermined time period, an occulsion alarm is generated. The occlusion detector may further cause the motor control sequencer to increase motor torque to attempt to complete the pumping cycle or may de-energize the motor after a second predetermined period to prevent damage to the pumping apparatus.

Claims

1. An occlusion detection apparatus for use in a pumping apparatus wherein said pumping apparatus includes a motor for accuating pumping means through a pumping cycle to provide pumping of a fluid through fluid delivery means, comprising

first means for energizing the motor to operate the motor at a first torque for a predetermined time period at the beginning of the pumping cycle and for subsequently operating the motor at a second torque less than the first torque, and

second means for determining if the pumping cycle is not completed within a second predetermined time period to thereby indicate an occlusion within the fluid delivery means.

2. An occlusion detection apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the predetermined time period of the first means is substantially less than the time required for the motor to complete the pumping cycle.

3. An occlusion detection apparatus as in claim 1 wherein the second means is additionally for controlling the first means to de-energize the motor if the pumping cycle is not completed within a third predetermined time period.

4. An apparatus as in claim 3 wherein the first means is further responsive to the second means for subsequently operating the motor at a third torque greater than the second torque if the pumping cycle is not completed within the second predetermined time period.

5. An occlusion detection apparatus for use in a pumping apparatus, wherein said pumping apparatus includes a motor for actuating pumping means through a pumping cycle to provide pumping of a fluid through fluid delivery means, comprising

first means for energizing the motor to operate the motor at a first torque for a first predetermined time period at the beginning of the pumping cycle and for subsequently operating the motor at a second torque less than the first torque, the first predetermined time period being substantially less than the time required for the motor to complete the pumping cycle,

second means for providing an output when the motor is in a predetermined portion of the pumping cycle,

third means responsive to the second means for providing an indication of an occlusion within the fluid delivery means if the output from the second means is not provided within a second predetermined time period after the beginning of the pumping cycle.

6. An occlusion detection apparatus as in claim 5 wherein said first means is additionally for providing a first potential to the motor to operate the motor at the first torque and for providing a second potential to the motor to operate the motor at the second torque.

7. An occlusion detection apparatus as in claim 6 wherein the third means is additionally for controlling the first means to de-energize the motor if the output from the second means is not provided within a third predetermined time period.

8. An apparatus as in claim 7 wherein the first means is further responsive to the indication of the third means for subsequently operating the motor at a third torque greater than the second torque.

9. An occlusion detection apparatus for use in a pumping apparatus wherein said pumping apparatus includes a stepping motor for actuating pumping means to provide intermittent pumping of a fluid through fluid delivery means, comprising

first means for providing control signals to the stepping motor in response to a pumping cycle signal, the control signals being adapted to step the motor shaft,

second means for providing a first potential to the motor to operate the motor at a first torque for a predetermined time after receipt of the pumping cycle signal and for subsequently providing a second potential to the motor to operate the motor at a second torque less than the first torque,

third means for providing an output when the motor shaft is in a predetermined position, and

fourth means responsive to the pumping cycle signal for providing an output indication of an occlusion within the fluid delivery means if the output from the third means is not provided within a predetermined time period after the pumping cycle signal.

10. A method for detecting occlusions in fluid delivery means of a pumping apparatus wherein the pumping apparatus includes a motor for actuating pumping means through a pumping cycle to provide pumping of a fluid through the fluid delivery means, comprising the steps of

operating the motor at a first torque during a first portion of the pumping cycle,

operating the motor at a second torque less than the first torque during a subsequent portion of the pumping cycle, and

determining if the pumping cycle exceeds a first predetermined time period to thereby indicate an occlusion within the fluid delivery system.

11. A method as in claim 10 wherein the time period of the first portion of the pumping cycle is substantially less than the time required for the motor to complete the pumping cycle.

12. A method as in claim 10 including the additional step of de-energizing the motor if the pumping cycle exceeds a second predetermined time period.

13. A method as in claim 10 wherein the method includes the additional step of operating the motor at a third torque greater than the second torque if the pumping cycle exceeds the first predetermined time period.

14. A method for detecting occlusions in fluid delivery means of a pumping apparatus wherein said pumping apparatus includes a motor for actuating pumping means through a pumping cycle in response to a pumping cycle command to provide intermittent pumping of a fluid through fluid delivery means, comprising the steps of

providing control signals to the motor in response to a pumping cycle command, the control signals being adapted to control the rotation of the motor shaft,

operating the motor at a first torque for a first predetermined time period after the the pumping cycle command, the predetermined time period being substantially less than the time required for the motor to complete the pumping cycle,

operating the motor at a second torque less than the first torque after the first predetermined time period,

determining when the motor shaft is in a predetermined position, and

providing an output indicative of an occlusion within the fluid delivery means if the motor shaft has not achieved the predetermined position within a second predetermined time period after the pumping cycle command.

15. A method as in claim 14 wherein the first operating step includes providing a first potential to the motor and the second operating step includes providing a second potential to the motor.