Method of identifying hard targets

• US 4,448,106 A
• Filed: 04/29/1981
• Issued: 05/15/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 07/05/1978
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation (The Boeing Co.)
• Original Assignee: Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation (The Boeing Co.)
• Inventors: Knapp, Richard D.
• Primary Examiner(s): TUDOR, HAROLD JAY
• Application Number:
  US06/258,630
• Time in Patent Office: 1,112 Days
• Field of Search: 102/513, 102/334, 102/364, 102/365, 102/366, 102/367, 102/501, 102/489, 89/1 A, 343/18 B, 343/911 L, 244/3.13, 244/3.16, 244/3.19, 367/1, 367/87, 367/99
• US Class Current: 89/1.11
• CPC Class Codes: F42B 12/387 Passive tracers, e.g. using a reflector mounted on the projectile
• CPC Class Codes: F42B 12/40 of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type F42B12/48, F42B12/50 take precedence

Abstract

A system for identifying a hard target from a distance. A delivery vehicle, such as a missile or bomb, is adapted to be dropped from the air. The delivery vehicle contains a plurality of hard target identifier or kinetic penetrator elements. Each of the elements has a nose portion of aerodynamic shape and a plurality of fins connected thereto. When ejected from the delivery vehicle, the elements will reach a substantial velocity, and hence, kinetic energy to penetrate partially into a hard target. A soft surrounding area, such as earth or water will absorb the elements. The elements may be passive for reflecting waves, such as acoustic waves or electromagnetic energy. Alternatively, they may be active elements capable of ejecting a dye, such as a fluorescent dye, or for transmitting acoustical or electromagnetic energy upon being activated.

Claims

1. The method of using a plurality of kinetic penetrator elements to identify a hard target and distinguish said target from other, more penetrable areas adjacent said target to enable subsequent bombardment of a thus-identified target by direct aiming of projectiles at said target comprising the steps of:

dropping a plurality of said elements in a region in which potential targets may be located, which elements have means for reflecting electromagnetic radiation received from a remote source to indicate their presence to a remote detector when in contact with a target and the capability of penetrating to the point of disappearance those areas adjacent a hard target which are not part of the target to be identified transmitting electromagnetic radiation from said remote source in the direction of said region; and

detecting said reflected electromagnetic radiation from said elements in contact with a target in order to identify the location of said target.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of subsequently bombarding a thus-identified target.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of dropping a plurality of said elements includes dropping a delivery vehicle which contains a plurality of said elements disposed to be ejected from said delivery vehicle after the vehicle is dropped.

4. The method of claim 1 or claim 3 wherein the step of dropping a plurality of said elements further includes dropping a plurality of elements having a nose portion of aerodynamic shape and a plurality of fins connected thereto, said dropping of elements occurring from a distance above the target area such that the dropped elements reach a velocity and kinetic energy sufficient to penetrate partially into a hard target and be retained therein with a portion projecting therefrom.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said reflecting means comprise a monopole antenna having predetermined dimensions for reflecting electromagnetic energy of a predetermined frequency.

6. The method of claim 5 further including the step of connecting the monopole antenna in a circuit including a diode to provide the monopole antenna with the capability of generating a multiple of the electromagnetic radiation frequency.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of transmitting electromagnetic waves comprises the step of transmitting visible light.

8. The method of claim 4 wherein said nose portion is formed of hardened steel to enable the element to penetrate at least partially into a hard target and to be embedded therein.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the nose portion curves upon impact with the target so as to inhibit removal of the embedded element from the target.

10. The method of claim 4 wherein each of said elements has a body portion extending between the nose portion and the fins and further includes a retroreflector at the rear of the element behind the fins.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the retroreflector is adapted to reflect laser radiation in a predetermined frequency range.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the retroreflector comprises a Luneberg lens.

13. The method of claim 10 wherein the body portion is coated with a light reflective material.

14. The method of claim 4 wherein the fins are configured to act as a corner reflector for light energy.