Electrode for detecting bioelectrical signals

• US 4,448,199 A
• Filed: 02/24/1982
• Issued: 05/15/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 02/05/1980
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Walter Schmid
• Original Assignee: Walter Schmid
• Inventors: Schmid, Walter
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Application Number:
  US06/351,870
• Time in Patent Office: 811 Days
• Field of Search: 128/639-641, 128/643, 128/644, 128/690, 128/798, 128/802, 128/803
• US Class Current: 600/393
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0217 Electrolyte containing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02438 with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/282 Holders for multiple electrodes for introduction into the body A61B5/287
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/332 Portable devices specially adapted therefor

Abstract

An electrode arrangement for bioelectric signals, especially for EKG measurements comprises at least one electrode element in which the material in contact with the skin includes a p-n semi-conductor. Preferably the test electrode and a reference or neutral electrode are joined in a single unit in relatively close proximity.

Claims

1. An electric assembly for skin-contacting bioelectrical purposes, comprising:

a support;

a pair of electrodes mounted on and insulated from one another by said support, said electrodes having side-by-side contact surfaces adapted to rest directly against the skin, terminals enabling electrical connection to the respective electrodes and means forming a respective p-n junction poled in the same direction as the p-n junction of the other electrode with respect to the skin between each contact surface and the respective terminal, each such means including a plate of p-conductive semiconductive material lying against a plate of n-conductive semiconductive material, said plates being parallel to the respective contact surface; and

means for connecting said terminals of said electrodes to a device for monitoring bioelectric signals traversing said p-n junctions from the skin.

2. The assembly defined in claim 1 wherein said electrodes are formed predominantly and apart from the respective p-n junctions of an alloy consisting in major parts of a noble metal and in minor parts of at least one iron-group metal, at least one semiconductor element, and graphite.

3. The assembly defined in claim 2 wherein each of said electrodes has a body consisting essentially of 52 to 62% by weight of at least one noble metal, 3 to 6% by weight of at least one semiconductor element, about 2 to about 3% by weight graphite and from trace amounts to about 2% by weight of an iron-group metal, the balance being conductive alloy forming elements.

4. The assembly defined in claim 1 wherein said support is provided with a wristband to enable the same to be fixed to the wrist of a person, said support being provided with a heartbeat frequency meter connected to said electrodes by said connecting means.

5. The assembly defined in claim 4 wherein said support is composed at least in part of elastically deformable material yieldable to permit resilient displacement of said electrodes.

6. The assembly defined in claim 4, further comprising spring means between said support and said electrodes for yieldably retaining said contact surfaces against the skin.