Range rate dependent pulse control apparatus and method therefor

• US 4,450,445 A
• Filed: 09/25/1981
• Issued: 05/22/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/1981
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Nelson, Robert N., Conner, Leo B. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wilbur, Maynard R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gordon, M. R.
• Application Number:
  US06/305,562
• Time in Patent Office: 970 Days
• Field of Search: 343/7.5, 343/7.3, 367/95
• US Class Current: 342/84
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/282 Transmitters

Abstract

A pulse width and amplitude control apparatus wherein an analog Doppler to digital pulse converter provides pulses to the up input of an up/down counter in the presence of a noise input or a Doppler input, and a second analog Doppler to digital pulse converter applies pulses with greater frequency to the down input of the up/down counter when a Doppler signal exceeding a predetermined threshold is present, so that a low or no signal condition increases and a high signal condition decreases the transmit pulse envelope.

Claims

1. In a Doppler radar having a transmitter for periodically transmitting pulses of electrical energy and a receiver for receiving reflected portions of energy of the transmitted pulses, a pulse control apparatus comprising:

first means for providing pulses only when a predetermined threshold is exceeded having an input and an output, said input being responsive to signals present in the receiver;

second means for providing pulses only when a predetermined threshold is exceeded having an input and an output, said input being responsive to signals present in the receiver; and

means for counting pulses having a first input coupled to said output of said first means for providing pulses, said means for counting pulses having a second input coupled to said second means for providing pulses such that said first means for providing pulses increases the width and amplitude of the pulses transmitted by the transmitter by a first fixed increment and said second means for providing pulses decreases the width and amplitude of the pulses transmitted by the transmitter, by a second fixed increment, said first means for counting pulses providing an output for determining the width and amplitude of pulses transmitted by the transmitter.

2. The pulse control apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said means for counting pulses comprises an up/down counter.

3. The pulse control apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said first fixed increment by which said first means for providing pulses increases the pulse width and amplitude is less than said second fixed increment by which said second means for provding pulses decreases the pulse width and amplitude.

4. The pulse control apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said first means for providing pulses comprises:

a half wave rectifier having an input responsive to signals present in the receiver and having an output; and

a first comparator having a first input coupled to said output of said half wave rectifier having a second input suitable for application of a first reference voltage, and having an output coupled to said first input of said means for counting pulses; and

wherein said second means for providing pulses comprises;

a full wave rectifier having an input responsive to signals present in the receiver and having an output; and

a second comparator having a first input coupled to said output of said full wave rectifier having a second input suitable for application of a second reference voltage, and having an output coupled to said second input of said means for counting pulses.

5. The pulse control apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said means for counting pulses further comprises:

a digital to analog converter having an output and having an input coupled to said output of said means for counting pulses;

a buffer having an output and having an input coupled to said output of said digital to analog converter; and

a voltage to pulse width converter having an input coupled to said output of said buffer and having an output for applying a transmit gate to said transmitter.

6. A Doppler radar having a transmitter for periodically transmitting pulses of electrical energy and a receiver for receiving reflected portions of energy of the transmitted pulses, comprising in combination:

a pulse transmitter having a first and second input and an output;

a transmitting antenna receiving output from said transmitter;

a receiving antenna providing an output;

a receiver coupled to said output of said receiving antenna, said receiver having an output;

a coherent local oscillator having a first output and a second output, said first output being coupled to said first input of said transmitter;

a mixer having an output and having a first and a second input, said first input being coupled to said output of said receiver, said second input being coupled to said second output of said coherent local oscillator;

a video amplifier having an output and having an input coupled to said output of said mixer;

range gated signal recovery apparatus having an output and having an input coupled to said output of said video amplifier;

first means for providing pulses only when a predetermined threshold is exceeded having an input coupled to said output of said range gated signal recovery apparatus and having an output;

second means for providing pulses only when a predetermined threshold is exceeded having an input and an output, said input being responsive to signals present in the receiver; and

means for counting pulses having a first input coupled to said output of said first means for providing pulses, said means for counting pulses having a second input coupled to said second means for providing pulses such that said first means for providing pulses increases the width and amplitude of the pulses transmitted by the transmitter by a first fixed increment and said second means for providing pulses decreases the width and amplitude of the pulses transmitted by the transmitter by a second fixed increment, said means for counting pulses providing an output coupled to said second input of said transmitter.

7. The Doppler radar as recited in claim 6 wherein said means for counting pulses comprises an up/down counter.

8. The Doppler radar as recited in claim 6 wherein said first fixed increment by which said first means for providing pulse increases the pulse width and amplitude is less than said second fixed increment by which said second means for providing pulses decreases the pulse width and amplitude.

9. The Doppler radar as recited in claim 6 wherein said first means for providing pulses comprises:

a half wave rectifier having an input responsive to signals present in the receiver and having an output; and

a first comparator having a first input coupled to said output of said half wave rectifier having a second input suitable for application of a first reference voltage, and having an output coupled to said first input of said means for counting pulses; and

wherein said second means for providing pulses comprises;

a full wave rectifier having an input responsive to signals present in the receiver and having an output; and

a second comparator having a first input coupled to said output of said full wave rectifier having a second input suitable for application of a second reference voltage, and having an output coupled to said second input of said means for counting pulses.

10. The Doppler radar as recited in claim 6 wherein said means for counting pulses further comprises:

a digital to analog converter having an output and having an input coupled to said output of said means for counting pulses;

a buffer having an output and having an input coupled to said output of said digital to analog converter; and

a voltage to pulse width converter having an input coupled to said output of said buffer and having an output for applying a transmit gate to said second input of said transmitter.

11. A method for controlling the width and amplitude of transmitted pulses in a Doppler radar having a transmitter for periodically transmitting the transmitter pulses of electrical energy and a receiver for receiving reflected portions of electrical energy of the transmitted pulses, comprising the steps of:

providing a signal from the receiver;

using said signal to generate counter pulses indicative of crossings of a predetermined threshold by said signal;

counting said counter pulses to generate a count; and

determining width and amplitude of the transmitted pulses by using said count from said counting step for gating the transmitter.

12. The method for controlling the width and amplitude of transmitted pulses as recited in claim 11 wherein:

said using step comprises generating a first counter pulse train indicative of the presence of any signal from the receiver, and generating a second counter pulse train indicative of the presence of reflected portions of the transmitted pulses at the receiver; and

said counting step comprises counting up and counting down wherein said counting up causes an increase in width and amplitude of the transmitted pulses, and wherein said counting down causes a decrease in width and amplitude of the transmitted pulses.