Digital retorque measuring apparatus

• US 4,450,727 A
• Filed: 04/29/1982
• Issued: 05/29/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/1982
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Advanced Industrial Technologies, Inc. (Illinois Tool Works Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Advanced Industrial Technologies, Inc. (Illinois Tool Works Inc.)
• Inventors: Reinholm, James H., Marcinkiewicz, Eugene J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ruehl, Charles A.
• Application Number:
  US06/372,878
• Time in Patent Office: 761 Days
• Field of Search: 73/761, 73/847, 73/862.23, 73/862.24, 364/505, 364/505, 364/508
• US Class Current: 73/862.23
• CPC Class Codes: B25B 23/14 Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers couplings for transmitting rotation or clutches F16D; devices for measuring torque per se G01L
• CPC Class Codes: B25B 23/1425 by electrical means
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 17/02 characterised by the use of electric means

Abstract

A microcomputer based system is designed to accurately detect the amount of previously applied torque to a fastener by way of a retorque test in which torque is subsequently applied to the fastener in the tightening direction until breakaway occurs. As torque is subsequently applied to the fastener a microprocessor operates to sample an analog torque input signal and convert it into discrete digital samples. These digital samples are stored in sequential memory locations during the tightening process. The microprocessor stops generating any further samples once a window containing the values of interest has been defined in memory. Then, the microprocessor examines the stored window samples in more detail to detect the sample value associated with the amount of torque previously applied to the fastener.

Claims

1. In a method of detecting breakaway or valley torque levels associated with the amount of previously applied torque to a fastener wherein torque is subsequently applied to the fastener in the tightening direction until further motion of the fastener is obtained, and wherein an analog signal is generated as a function of the subsequently applied torque, the improvement comprising:

(a) defining a window of digital sample values in a memory by using a microprocessor to sample the analog signal and generate digital sample values therefrom until an analysis of said samples indicate that samples corresponding to the breakaway and/or valley torque levels have been stored in memory; and

(b) thereafter, using said microprocessor to examine the characteristics of the samples within the window to search for those samples corresponding to the breakaway and/or valley torque levels.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein step (a) is carried out by:

storing said samples in successive memory locations;

comparing the slopes of segments of said samples;

storing the maximum slope of the segments;

setting a flag when a given number of consecutive segments have slopes less than the maximum slope; and

terminating the generation of more samples after a preselected number of samples are generated after the setting of the flag.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein step (b) is carried out by:

identifying a sample which is followed by a given number of consecutive samples of lesser values;

thereafter, storing in a negative peak register the sample with the least positive value; and

displaying the contents of the negative peak register as the valley torque level when a preselected number of consecutive samples have greater values than the value of the sample stored in said register.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein step (b) is carried out by:

detecting a first segment of samples in said window having a slope less than said maximum slope;

detecting a second segment in the window having the least positive slope; and

displaying as said breakaway torque level the value of the digital sample associated with the intersection of projections from said first and second segments.

5. A method of detecting the amount of previously applied torque to a fastener, said method comprising:

subsequently applying torque to the fastener in the tightening direction until further motion is obtained;

generating an analog signal as a function of the subsequently applied torque;

using a microcomputer to convert said analog signal into a plurality of digital samples;

loading said samples in a memory while checking for substantial deviations between the slopes of successive sample segments;

terminating the conversion and loading operations when the slopes of successive sample segments deviate from a given value thereby defining a window of digital samples in said memory; and

examining the digital samples in said window for a value which is closely associated with the amount of previously applied torque to the fastener.

6. In a system for measuring the amount of previously applied torque to a fastener, the improvement comprising:

input means for receiving an analog torque signal representative of the amount of torque subsequently applied to the fastener until motion is obtained;

converter means for converting said analog torque signal into a plurality of digital samples;

memory means for storing a given number of said samples;

means for loading said samples into sequential memory locations until the slopes of successive sample segments deviate substantially from a given value thereby defining a window of digital samples in said memory; and

means for examining said digital samples stored in the window for a value associated with the amount of torque previously applied to the fastener.

7. The improvement of claim 6 wherein said converter means includes a comparator having at least two inputs, one input being coupled for receipt of said analog signal;

a microprocessor having inputs and outputs; and

a digital to analog converter having an input coupled to an output of said microprocessor and an output coupled to the other input of said comparator.

8. The improvement of claim 6 which further comprises a torque wrench having an electronic display for providing a visual indication of the amount of previously applied torque.

9. A method of determining the breakaway torque level associated with the amount of previously applied torque to a fastener, said method comprising:

generating a curve of torque values representing the amount of torque subsequently applied to the fastener until motion is obtained;

detecting a first line segment on the curve having a slope which first begins to substantially deviate from the maximum slope of the curve;

detecting a second line segment on the curve having the least positive slope; and

displaying as said breakaway torque level the value on the curve associated with the intersection of projections from the first and second line segments.

10. In an apparatus for detecting breakaway or valley torque levels associated with the amount of previously applied torque to a fastener wherein torque is subsequently applied to the fastener in the tightening direction until further motion of the fastener is obtained, and wherein an analog signal is generated as a function of the subsequently applied torque, wherein the improvement comprises:

means for sampling the analog signal and generating digital sample values;

means for storing said samples in a digital memory until an analysis of said samples indicates that samples corresponding to the breakaway and/or valley torque levels have been generated and stored in memory; and

means for examining the characteristics of the samples in the memory to search for samples corresponding to the breakaway and/or valley torque levels.