Distillative separation of methane and carbon dioxide

• US 4,451,274 A
• Filed: 05/12/1983
• Issued: 05/29/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 10/01/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Chart Incorporated (Chart Industries Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Koch Process Systems, Inc. (KOCH Industries Incorporated)
• Inventors: O'Brien, John V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sever, Frank
• Application Number:
  US06/493,791
• Time in Patent Office: 383 Days
• Field of Search: 62/20, 62/17, 62/23, 62/24, 62/27, 62/28, 55/68, 55/73
• US Class Current: 62/632
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 7/05 with the aid of auxiliary compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 9/04 Methane production by treatment of sewage C02F11/04; natural gas, synthetic natural gas C10L3/06
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2205/50 using absorption, i.e. with selective solvents or lean oil, heavier CnHm and including generally a regeneration step for the solvent or lean oil
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 2220/66 Separating acid gases, e.g. CO2, SO2, H2S or RSH
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0209 Natural gas or substitute natural gas
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0233 separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0238 separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
• CPC Class Codes: F25J 3/0266 separation of carbon dioxide production of carbon dioxide in general C01B32/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/151 Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 62/929 From natural gas

Abstract

An improvement in a Ryan/Holmes separation of methane from carbon dioxide is disclosed wherein the upper portion of a distillation column is operated, i.e., -70° F., while still effectuating a separation of methane from carbon dioxide. This is achieved by increasing the amount of nonpolar liquid agent added to the condenser of the column to an amount sufficient to maintain the condenser and all portions of the column above such temperatures.

Claims

1. A method of distillatively separating a feed stream containing methane and carbon dioxide into an overhead product enriched in methane and a bottoms product enriched in carbon dioxide, comprising:

a. introducing said feed stream into a distillation column;

b. providing sufficient heat to the bottom of said distillation column to provide a bottoms product enriched in carbon dioxide;

c. withdrawing an overhead stream from the top of said column;

d. condensing at least a portion of said overhead stream for reflux in an overhead condenser at a temperature above the triple point of carbon dioxide and directing said condensed portion of overhead back to said column as reflux, said condensed portion being sufficient to provide a column overhead enriched in methane;

e. introducing a non-polar agent miscible with methane directly into the said overhead condenser of said distillation column in a quantity sufficient to maintain the temperature in the said condenser and at all locations within the distillation column above the triple point of carbon dioxide;

f. withdrawing that portion of the overhead stream not employed as reflux as overhead product enriched in methane; and

,

g. withdrawing a bottoms product enriched in carbon dioxide.

2. A method of claim 1 wherein said non-polar agent is introduced into the overhead condenser of said distillation column in an amount of from less than about two moles of agent per mole of methane in the feed stream.

3. A method of claim 2 wherein the amount of carbon dioxide in the overhead stream is below about 15 mole percent and the column operating pressure is about 800 to 1200 psia.

4. A method of claim 2 wherein said non-polar agent is a liquid.

5. A method of claim 4 wherein said non-polar agent comprises natural gas liquids.

6. A method of claim 4 wherein said non-polar agent comprises ethane, propane, butane, pentane or mixtures thereof.

7. A method of claim 4 wherein said non-polar agent comprises butane.

8. A method of claim 1 wherein the amount of carbon dioxide in the overhead stream is less than about 15 mole % and the moles of the non-polar agent per mole of the methane in the feed stream introduced in the overhead condenser ranges from about 0.01 to about 2.

9. A method of claim 8 wherein the amount of carbon dioxide in the overhead stream ranges from about 8 to 15 mole percent and the moles of the non-polar agent per mole of methane in the feed stream introduced into the overhead condenser ranges from about 0.01 to 1.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the column is operated at a pressure greater than about 700 psia and the carbon dioxide in the overhead stream ranges from 50 ppm to 10 mole percent, and the moles of the non-polar agent per mole of methane in the feed stream introduced into the overhead condenser ranges from 0.05 to 2.0.

11. A method of claim 1 wherein the column operating pressure ranges from about 800 to 1200 psia.

12. A method of claim 1 wherein said non-polar agent is separated from the bottoms product from said distillation column and recycled to said column for introduction into the overhead condenser.

13. A method of claim 1 wherein the temperature in said condenser is maintained about above -40°

F.

14. A method of claim 1 which includes:

separating from the bottoms product an ethane-plus fraction, a carbon dioxide fraction, and a non-polar liquid agent fraction;

cooling at least a portion of the non-polar liquid agent fraction to a temperature above the triple point of carbon dioxide; and

introducing the cooled liquid non-polar agent fraction into the said overhead condenser.

15. A method of claim 1 which includes introducing the non-polar agent into the said overhead condenser separately from the introduction of the said overhead stream into said overhead condenser.

16. A method of claim 1 which includes:

cooling the non-polar agent to a temperature above the triple point of carbon dioxide prior to introducing the non-polar agent into the said overhead condenser.

17. In a distillative separation wherein a feed stream containing methane and carbon dioxide is introduced into a distillation column and separated therein into an overhead product enriched in methane and a bottoms product enriched in carbon dioxide including withdrawing an overhead stream, condensing at least a portion thereof in a condenser, and directing said condensed portion back to the upper portion of said distillation column as reflux to the distillation column;

the improvement wherein the temperature is maintained in said overhead condenser and at all points in said distillation column at a temperature above about -70°

F. by the introduction directly into the overhead condenser of said distillation column of a non-polar liquid agent miscible with the methane, the liquid non-polar agent introduced in an amount of from about 0.01 to 2.0 moles of non-polar agent per mole of methane in the feed stream and the overhead stream containing less than about 15 mole % of carbon dioxide.

18. A method of claim 17 wherein said non-polar agent comprises natural gas liquids.

19. A method of claim 17 wherein said non-polar agent comprises ethane, propane, butane, pentane or mixtures thereof.

20. A method of claim 17 wherein the column pressure is about 800 to 1200 psia.

21. A method of claim 17 wherein the temperature in the said overhead condenser and at all points in said distillation column is maintained at a temperature of above about -40°

F.