Measurement of anaesthetic gas concentration

• US 4,453,126 A
• Filed: 03/26/1979
• Issued: 06/05/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 08/02/1978
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hospital For SICK Children
• Original Assignee: Hospital For SICK Children
• Inventors: Volgyesi, George A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Karlsen, Ernest F.
• Application Number:
  US06/024,283
• Time in Patent Office: 1,898 Days
• Field of Search: 324/61 P, 324/61 R, 23/232 E, 361/280, 73/23
• US Class Current: 422/88
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/227 Sensors changing capacitance upon adsorption or absorption of fluid components, e.g. electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor sensors, MOS capacitors G01N27/225 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/497 of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath

Abstract

The invention provides a device capable of monitoring the concentration of anaesthetic gas in a breathing mixture being delivered to a patient to cause narcosis and consists essentially of an electronic transducer which provides an output signal proportional to the concentration of anaesthetic gas in a breathing mixture. The transducer includes a sensor having first and second electrical conductors positioned in proximity to one another and defining a space between the conductors. A substantially non-conductive material fills the space between the conductors and has a molecular structure which permits the absorption of the anaesthetic gas thereby causing variations in the electrical characteristics of the sensor. An electrical circuit is provided which is coupled to the sensor to provide the output signal which is proportional to the variations in the electrical characteristics of the sensor.

Claims

1. A transducer for providing an output signal proportional to the concentration of anaesthetic gas in a breathing mixture, the transducer comprising:

a sensor intended to be exposed to a breathing mixture containing anaesthetic gas, the sensor forming an electrical capacitor and comprising first and second electrical conductors positioned in proximity to one another and defining a space therebetween, and a substantially non-conductive material filling said space and forming a dielectric of said capacitor, the material being one of a lipid and an elastomer and having a molecular structure which permits the absorption of the anaesthetic gas and a dielectric constant which changes in proportion to changes in the concentration of said anaesthetic gas; and

,

electrical circuit means coupled to the sensor and adapted to provide said output signal proportional to said variations in the capacitance of the sensor.

2. A transducer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

a second sensor intended to be exposed to said breathing mixture and to compensate for changes in the humidity of said mixture, said second sensor forming an electrical capacitor and comprising first and second electrical conductors positioned in proximity to one another and defining a space therebetween, said second sensor being connected in said electrical circuit means, and said electrical circuit means being adapted to modify said output signal to compensate for changes in the humidity of the breathing mixture detected by said second sensor.