Method for establishing variable path group associations and affiliations between "non-static" MP systems and shared devices

• US 4,455,605 A
• Filed: 07/23/1981
• Issued: 06/19/1984
• Est. Priority Date: 07/23/1981
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Dugan, Robert J., Wanish, Paul J., Zeitler, Carl Jr., Guyette, Richard R., Cormier, Roger L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Jerry
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee, Jameson
• Application Number:
  US06/286,396
• Time in Patent Office: 1,062 Days
• Field of Search: 364/200 MS File, 364/900 MS File
• US Class Current: 710/38
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/4022 using switching circuits, e.g. switching matrix, connection or expansion network G06F13/4009 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 15/177 Initialisation or configuration control processor initialisation G06F9/4405

Abstract

Multiprocessing systems having changeable CPU configurations generate unique changeable identifications (ID'"'"'s). These are presented by I/O channels over various I/O connection paths, in association with special path defining commands and function data. Related path state indications are stored peripherally in path map tables and define path group associations for sustaining path-independent I/O operations. When a device is reserved via one path in a path group the reserve affiliation is extended automatically (in the path tables ) to each path in the group, thereby rendering each path accessible in a reserved mode. The path defining commands are used for adding paths to, resigning paths from and disbanding groups. Special sensing commands are used for sensing path reservation and grouping states. When a command for adding or resigning a path is presented to a reserved device via one path in a group the reserve is automatically realigned to the enlarged or reduced group. When a command for disbanding a group is presented to a reserved device the reserve is realigned to apply only to the path on which the command is presented. The foregoing special commands are required to be obeyed by the device even if it currently has a conflicting allegiance to the same system or another system. Consequently, paths can be added to an established path group without requiring potentially premature release of any allegiance.

Claims

1. A method for conducting path-independent data communications between a central processing (host) system and an I/O device through various I/O circuit paths, comprising:

establishing a path group comprising a plurality of said paths, said host system and said device, and thereafter extending any reserve affiliation or other allegiance thereafter established between said host system, said device, and one path in the group, to each path in the group;

establishing a reserve affiliation or other allegiance over one path in said group and thereby causing said affiliation or allegiance to extend to each path in said group;

conducting data communications over various paths in said group while said reserve affiliation or other allegiance is in effect;

modifying said path group while said reserve affiliation or other allegiance is in effect by transmitting a signal over a path that is not in said group but inhibiting the modifying step if the device is transmitting data on one of the paths of the group;

said modifying step including one of the steps of disbanding the path group, adding a path to the group, and resigning a path from the group,

realigning said reserve or other allegiance in a predetermined manner relative to a modified group;

said realigning step including one of the steps of applying reserve affiliation or other allegiance only to the one path on which said disbanding step has been conducted, extending said reserve affiliation or other allegiance to each path included in said modified group, and removing said reserve affiliation or other allegiance from any path which may have been deleted from said original group, and

conducting data communications over one or more paths in said modified group while said realigned affiliation or allegiance is in effect.

2. The method of communication of claim 1 for use in an environment wherein said host system comprises a dynamically variable configuration of central processing units having various paths for connecting to said device said CPUs operating under common supervision, and wherein said path group association is formed by storing a path map table for said device, said path map table containing a unique identification of said host system associatable with each path in said group an improved method of forming said path group association comprising:

establishing having a given CPU configuration for said host system;

generating a unique identity factor for said host system comprising a time of data (TOD) factor which is associated with the time of establishing said system, and a CPU ID factor representing the identity of a predetermined one of the CPUs in said given configuration;

storing said identity factor in said system in executing a channel command which defines a path group forming operation;

transmitting said command repeatedly from said host system to said device, over a plurality of different paths to be constituted as an associated path group; and

storing said identity factor in said device path map table in association with path status indications denoting a unique group relationship between said plurality of paths, said system and said device.

3. The path group forming method of claim 4 comprising:

establishing a reserve affiliation or allegiance between said established host system and device over a path in said group;

causing said path map table to be modified to effectively extend said affiliation or allegiance to each path in said group;

conducting data communications between said system and device over various paths in said group while said affiliation or allegiance is in effect;

reconfiguring said system to contain an additional CPU;

transmitting said command and identity factor relative to one or more paths associated with said additional CPU, to add the latter one or more paths to said path group while retaining said affiliation or allegiance relative to the paths in said path group and extending said affiliation or allegiance automatically to said additional paths.

4. A method of path-independent data communication in accordance with claim 1 wherein:

said path group modifying step comprises adding a new path to said group, and is accomplished by;

sending a special path group defining command over a path currently not in said group;

said command requiring the addition of said path as a new member of said group notwithstanding that said device currently has an allegiance only to the original paths in said group and thereby normally would appear to be busy relative to said new path; and

causing said new path to be added to said group in response to said command, and thereby causing said affiliation or allegiance to be extended to said new path, without requiring that said affiliation or allegiance first be relinquished relative to any other path in said group.

5. A method of path of path-independent data communication in accordance with claim 1 comprising:

in association with the establishment of said path group, transmitting a bit signal from said host system characterizing said system as either a type 0 or type 1 system;

wherein a type 0 system is a system which is capable of operating on a path-independent basis only when initiating communications to a device, and a type 1 system is capable of operating on a path-independent basis relative to both system-initiated and device-initiated reconnection requests and status communications;

storing a bit representing said type 0 or 1 system characterization in a path map table associated with said device for each path in said path group; and

making reconnection requests and status communications by said device relative to any type 0 system and a path in a path group only over predetermined paths in the group but making reconnection requests and status communications relative to any type 1 system over any path in a path group.

6. A method of communication in accordance with claim 1 comprising:

transmitting a command from said host system to said device, over one path in an associated path group, for interrogating the state of said path; and

, in response to said command,

extracting path state and device state information from a path table associated with said device and at least said one path, said path state information distinguishing existence of any path group association with the interrogating system, and said device state information distinguishing any system affiliation or allegiance pertaining to said device;

transmitting associated path state and device state information from said device to said system over said one path;

said state information including a multi-byte identity function having a value which, if other than zero, indicates the identity of a specific system associated with said one path, or if zero indicates a reset state condition relative to said one path which effectively permits said one path to become associated with a newly identified system;

a first path state function which indicates if said one path is or is not currently a member of an established path group containing one or more paths, and a second state function which indicates if said device has a current affiliation or allegiance either to the interrogating system or to another unidentified system.

7. A method of data communication in accordance with claim 1 wherein said device is accessible to other host systems different from said host system over paths not in said established path group, comprising:

while said device does not have any affiliation or allegiance to said host system and said established group, establishing an affiliation or allegiance between said device and a said other host system via a path not in said established group; and

modifying said established group while said affiliation or allegiance with said other system is in effect.

8. In a data processing network containing multiple central processing systems and devices capable of establishing path group associations useful for supporting path-independent data communications, an improved method of communication comprising:

storing a path association defining channel command word (CCW) in one of said systems;

storing an identifying expression in said one system in a memory location defined by said CCW, said expression uniquely identifying said one system;

repeatedly transmitting a command function associated with said CCW, together with a representation of said stored identifying expression, separately over each path of a plurality of paths from said one system to one of said devices;

in response to said command and identifying expression, causing said device to record grouped status indications relative to said plurality of paths and to record at least one representation of said identifying expression relative to said paths in a path map table associated with said device;

said plurality of paths thereby being constituted as a group;

establishing a reserve affiliation or other allegiance between said one system, said device and said path group, by conducting a controlling communication from said one system to said device over one path in said group;

in response to said controlling communication, causing status for said reserve affiliation or other allegiance to be recorded in said device path table for each path in said group;

thereafter conducting ordinary data and control communications between said one system and said device on the basis of said affiliation or other allegiance, over various paths in said group; and

thereafter

modifying said group as defined in said device path table while said affiliation or allegiance is in effect but inhibiting the modifying step if the device is transmitting data on one of the paths of the group, said modifying step including one of the steps of disbanding the path group, adding a path to the group, and resigning a path from the group.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said group modifying step includes transmitting a path resigning command from said one system to said one device on one path in said group, comprising:

in response to said resigning command causing erasure of any said recorded indications of grouped status and affiliated or allegiance status relative to said one path on which the resigning command has been transmitted;

recording an ungrouped status indication relative to said one path; and

requiring said one device thereafter to conduct ordinary data and control communications with said one system only on paths still in said group;

i.e. only on paths other than said one resigned path.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein said modifying step includes transmitting a group disbanding command from said one system to said one device on one path in said group, comprising:

in response to said disbanding command causing erasure of said indications of grouped status relative to each path in said group and erasure of said indications of affiliation or allegiance status relative to each said path except the path on which the disbanding command has been transmitted;

recording ungrouped status indications relative to each of said paths; and

requiring said one device thereafter to conduct ordinary data and control communications only with said one system and only on the path on which the disbanding command was presented.

11. The method of claim 8 wherein said modifying step includes presenting a path adding command from said one system to said one device over a path relative to which there are no recorded indications of grouped status or affiliated or allegiance status, comprising:

adding said path on which said path adding command appears as a new number of said group, by recording indications of grouped status and affiliated or allegiance status relative to said new member path in response to said command; and

permitting said device to communicate with said system on an affiliated basis via said new member path and the other paths in said group.